187 research outputs found
Tingley's problem for a Banach space of Lipschitz functions on the closed unit interval (Research on preserver problems on Banach algebras and related topics)
We prove that every surjective isometry on the unit sphere of Lip(I) of all Lipschitz continuous functions on the closed unit interval I is extended to a surjective real linear isometry on Lip(I) with the norm ∥f∥σ = |f(0)| + ∥f′∥L∞
Third-order integrable difference equations generated by a pair of second-order equations
We show that the third-order difference equations proposed by Hirota,
Kimura and Yahagi are generated by a pair of second-order difference
equations. In some cases, the pair of the second-order equations are equivalent
to the Quispel-Robert-Thomson(QRT) system, but in the other cases, they are
irrelevant to the QRT system. We also discuss an ultradiscretization of the
equations.Comment: 15 pages, 3 figures; Accepted for Publication in J. Phys.
Discrete mappings with an explicit discrete Lyapunov function related to integrable mappings
We propose discrete mappings of second order that have a discrete analogue of
Lyapunov function. The mappings are extensions of the integrable
Quispel-Roberts-Thompson (QRT) mapping, and a discrete Lyapunov function of the
mappings is identical to an explicit conserved quantity of the QRT mapping.
Moreover we can obtain a differential and an ultradiscrete limit of the
mappings preserving the existence of Lyapunov function. We also give
applications of a mapping with an adjusted parameter, a probabilistic mapping
and coupled mappings.Comment: submitted to Physica
Surjective isometries between unitary sets of unital JB∗-algebras
We would like to thank Prof. Lajos Molnár for encouraging us to explore this problem.
We are also indebted to the anonymous reviewer for several useful comments.
First and fifth authors partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MICINN) and European Regional Development Fund project
no. PGC2018-093332-B-I00, Programa Operativo FEDER 2014-2020 and Consejería de
Economía y Conocimiento de la Junta de Andalucía grant numbers A-FQM-242-UGR18
and FQM375. First author partially supported by EPSRC (UK) project “Jordan Algebras, Finsler Geometry and Dynamics” ref. no. EP/R044228/1. Second author partially
supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP 21J21512. Fourth author partially
supported by JSPS KAKENHI (Japan) Grant Number JP 20K03650.
* Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada / CBUAThis paper is, in a first stage, devoted to establishing a topological–algebraic characterization of the principal component, U0(M), of the set of unitary elements, U(M), in a unital JB⁎-algebra M. We arrive to the conclusion that, as in the case of unital C⁎-algebras, U0(M)=M1−1∩U(M)={Ue⋯Ue(1):n∈N,hj∈Msa∀1≤j≤n}={u∈U(M): there exists w∈U0(M) with ‖u−w‖<2} is analytically arcwise connected. Actually, U0(M) is the smallest quadratic subset of U(M) containing the set eiM. Our second goal is to provide a complete description of the surjective isometries between the principal components of two unital JB⁎-algebras M and N. Contrary to the case of unital C⁎-algebras, we shall deduce the existence of connected components in U(M) which are not isometric as metric spaces. We shall also establish necessary and sufficient conditions to guarantee that a surjective isometry Δ:U(M)→U(N) admits an extension to a surjective linear isometry between M and N, a conclusion which is not always true. Among the consequences it is proved that M and N are Jordan ⁎-isomorphic if, and only if, their principal components are isometric as metric spaces if, and only if, there exists a surjective isometry Δ:U(M)→U(N) mapping the unit of M to an element in U0(N). These results provide an extension to the setting of unital JB⁎-algebras of the results obtained by O. Hatori for unital C⁎-algebras.CBUAConsejería de Economía y Conocimiento de la Junta de Andalucía
A-FQM-242-UGR18, FQM375Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y UniversidadesEngineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
EP/R044228/1Universidad de GranadaMinisterio de Ciencia e InnovaciónJapan Society for the Promotion of Science JP 20K03650, JP 21J21512European Regional Development Fund
PGC2018-093332-B-I0
Factors Associated with Remission and/or Regression of Microalbuminuria in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
The aim of this study was to clarify the factors associated with the remission and/or regression of microalbuminuria in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We retrospectively analyzed the data of 130 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with microalbuminuria for 2-6 years (3.39±1.31 years). Remission was defined as improving from microalbuminuria to normoalbuminuria using the albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR), and regression of microalbuminuria was defined as a decrease in ACR of 50% or more from baseline. Progression of microalbuminuria was defined as progressing from microalbuminuria to overt proteinuria during the follow-up period. Among 130 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with microalbuminuria, 57 and 13 patients were defined as having remission and regression, respectively, while 26 patients progressed to overt proteinuria. Sex (female), higher HDL cholesterol and lower HbA1c were determinant factors associated with remission/regression of microalbuminuria by logistic regression analysis. Lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) was also correlated with remission/regression, but not at a significant level. These results suggest that proper control of blood glucose, BP and lipid profiles may be associated with remission and/or regression of type 2 diabetes mellitus with microalbuminuria in clinical practice
Fermionic solutions of chiral Gross-Neveu and Bogoliubov-de Gennes systems in nonlinear Schr\"odinger hierarchy
The chiral Gross-Neveu model or equivalently the linearized Bogoliubov-de
Gennes equation has been mapped to the nonlinear Schr\"odinger (NLS) hierarchy
in the Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur formalism by Correa, Dunne and Plyushchay. We
derive the general expression for exact fermionic solutions for all gap
functions in the arbitrary order of the NLS hierarchy. We also find that the
energy spectrum of the n-th NLS hierarchy generally has n+1 gaps. As an
illustration, we present the self-consistent two-complex-kink solution with
four real parameters and two fermion bound states. The two kinks can be placed
at any position and have phase shifts. When the two kinks are well separated,
the fermion bound states are localized around each kink in most parameter
region. When two kinks with phase shifts close to each other are placed at
distance as short as possible, the both fermion bound states have two peaks at
the two kinks, i.e., the delocalization of the bound states occurs.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figure, Phys. Lett. B, in pres
Impact of human papillomavirus types on uterine cervical neoplasia
Taguchi A., Yoshimoto D., Kusakabe M., et al. Impact of human papillomavirus types on uterine cervical neoplasia. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research, (2024); https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.15995.Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major cause of cervical cancer. As the natural history of HPV-associated cervical lesions is HPV genotype-dependent, it is important to understand the characteristics of these genotypes and to manage them accordingly. Among high-risk HPVs, HPV16 and 18 are particularly aggressive, together accounting for 70% of HPV genotypes detected in cervical cancer. Other than HPV16 and 18, HPV31, 33, 35, 45, 52, and 58 are also at a high risk of progression to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)3 or higher. Recent studies have shown that the natural history of HPV16, 18, 52, and 58, which are frequently detected in Japan, depends on the HPV genotype. For example, HPV16 tends to progress in a stepwise fashion from CIN1 to CIN3, while HPV52 and 58 are more likely to persist in the CIN1 to CIN2 state. Among the high-risk HPVs, HPV18 has some peculiar characteristics different from those of other high-risk HPV types; the detection rate in precancerous lesions is much lower than those of other high-risk HPVs, and it is frequently detected in highly malignant adenocarcinoma and small cell carcinoma. Recent findings demonstrate that HPV18 may be characterized by latent infection and carcinogenesis in stem cell-like cells. In this context, this review outlines the natural history of HPV-infected cervical lesions and the characteristics of each HPV genotype
Controlling the Circadian Clock with High Temporal Resolution through Photodosing
Circadian clocks, biological timekeepers that are present in almost every cell of our body, are complex systems whose disruption is connected to various diseases. Controlling cellular clock function with high temporal resolution in an inducible manner would yield an innovative approach for the circadian rhythm regulation. In the present study, we present structure-guided incorporation of photoremovable protecting groups into a circadian clock modifier, longdaysin, which inhibits casein kinase I (CKI). Using photodeprotection by UV or visible light (400 nm) as the external stimulus, we have achieved quantitative and light-inducible control over the CKI activity accompanied by an accurate regulation of circadian period in cultured human cells and mouse tissues, as well as in living zebrafish. This research paves the way for the application of photodosing in achieving precise temporal control over the biological timing and opens the door for chronophotopharmacology to deeper understand the circadian clock system
Reversible modulation of circadian time with chronophotopharmacology
The circadian clock controls daily rhythms of physiological processes. The presence of the clock mechanism throughout the body is hampering its local regulation by small molecules. A photoresponsive clock modulator would enable precise and reversible regulation of circadian rhythms using light as a bio-orthogonal external stimulus. Here we show, through judicious molecular design and state-of-the-art photopharmacological tools, the development of a visible light-responsive inhibitor of casein kinase I (CKI) that controls the period and phase of cellular and tissue circadian rhythms in a reversible manner. The dark isomer of photoswitchable inhibitor 9 exhibits almost identical affinity towards the CKIα and CKIδ isoforms, while upon irradiation it becomes more selective towards CKIδ, revealing the higher importance of CKIδ in the period regulation. Our studies enable long-term regulation of CKI activity in cells for multiple days and show the reversible modulation of circadian rhythms with a several hour period and phase change through chronophotopharmacology
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