〓

In Part One of this paper, we reviewed the contribution of the emperors including Kao-tsu (高祖), the founder of the Shen-tang Dynasty, to the establishment and expansion of the libraries in China based on the leadership of the chief librarian called Mi-shu-chien (秘書監) who was appointed directly by the emperors. Among other things we featured the achievements of Emperor Xuan Zong (玄宗) . Although he was absorbed in battles everyday, he was also thusiastic about the field of library administration, urging and encouraging Mi-shu-chien and other able fellowmen to push forward with the work laying the foundations of the library administration and setting it on its path. In Part Two we would like to go into the detail of how Abeno Nakamaro (阿部仲麻呂) who was sent to China as an envoy in 717,was educated in China and became a civil officer there and was finally appointed by Emperor Xuan Zong as the first Japanese Mi-shu-chien. In addition to this honor, he formed close friendships with such famous poets Changan as Li Bai (李白) , Wang Wei (王維) , Chu Guang-hsi (儲光義) , Bao Jj (包佶) and Chang Hua (趙〓) , who were living in the capital city at that time. He also cultivated warm friendships with Kibino Makibi (吉備真備) , a colleague who accompanied him to China from Japan, and with the Japanese Buddhist priest Gen Bo (玄〓) and Fujiwara Kiyokawa (藤原清河) After explaining his dramatic history, we would like to conclude this paper by explaining the background of erected in the cities of Nara. Japan and Shenan, China in honor of his contribution to forming a friendship between the two countries, and relating various significant events which were held in both countries to commemorate the achievements of Chien-chen (鑑真) , who made the perilous journey to Japan to help spread the Buddhist religion there

ゲンソウコウテイ ノ トショカン ギョウセイシワ コウシツ トショカンチョウ ノ アベノナカマロ ト ニッチュウ ノ ブンシジン セイカク トノ シンコウ ニ オヨブ ゼンペン

Looking back over the history of books and libraries in the East and West, it can safely be said that the loss of books through the years due to natural disasters, mishandling, political uprising, etc. surpasses anything we might imagine. The case of China, which we will address here, is no exception; it\u27s not too much to say that the history of the written word in China over the past 3,000 years is a continuous cycle of the collection and disappearance of books and manuscripts. The era of Shen-tang, a dynasty reigned by the uncommonly benevolent Xuan Zong (玄宗) , was among the most flourishing periods in the histoty of China in every respect - politically, economi-cally, diplomatically, and culturally. Following the exammple of the emperors of the Chu-tang period, Shen-tang, with the assistance of the chief secretary of the Monastic Library, devoted himself to the collection, classification adn cataloguing of library materials, which corresponds to what we refer to today as "library administration". In what follows as part one of this paper, we will introduce portions of several chronicles which we hane uncobered in our research, which were recorded more than 1,000 years ago. Abeno Nakamaro (阿部仲麻呂) , referred to in the subtitle, was sent to China as an envoy in 717,during the Tung_ dynasty. Being young and intelligent, he chose to take a special course which enabled him to become a civil officer there. Thereafter, he was promoted by Emperer Xuan Zong to the position of chief secretary of the Monastic Library, in which capacity he made monumantal contributions to library administration in China. During that time, he formed close friendships with such famous poets of the Tang dynasty as Li Bai (李白) , Wang Wei (王維) , Chu Guang-xi (儲光義) , Bao Ji (包佶) and Du Fu (杜甫) .In addition, he cultivated warm friendships with Kibino Makibi (吉備真備) , a colleague who accompanied him to China from Japan, and with the Japanese Buddhist priest Gen Bo (玄〓) His was a very full and artistic life. We will take up his story as Part 2 of this paper

A Search for Interstellar Carbon Chain Alcohol HC4OH in Star-Forming Region L1527 and Dark Cloud TMC-1

We report a sensitive search for the rotational transitions of the carbon chain alcohol HC4OH in the frequency range of 21.2-46.7 GHz in the star-forming region L1527 and the dark cloud TMC-1. The motivation was laboratory detection of HC4OH by microwave spectroscopy. Despite achieving rms noise levels of several millikelvin in the antenna temperature using the 45 m telescope at Nobeyama Radio Observatory, the detection was not successful, leading to 3 sigma upper limits corresponding to the column densities of 2.0 \times 1012 and 5.6 \times 1012 cm-2 in L1527 and TMC-1, respectively. These upper limits indicate that [HC4OH]/[HC5N] ratios are less than 0.3 and 0.1 in L1527 and TMC-1, respectively, where HC5N is an HC4-chain cyanide and HC4OH is a hydroxide. These ratios suggest that the cyano carbon chain molecule dominates the hydroxyl carbon chain molecule in L1527 and TMC-1. This is contrary to the case of saturated compounds in hot cores, e.g., CH3OH and CH3CN, and can be a chemical feature of carbon chain molecules in L1527 and TMC-1. In addition, the column densities of the "unsubstituted" carbon chain molecule C4H and the sulfur-bearing molecules SO and HCS+ were determined from detected lines in L1527.Comment: Astrophysical Journal, in pres

Functional tooth restoration by next-generation bio-hybrid implant as a bio-hybrid artificial organ replacement therapy

Bio-hybrid artificial organs are an attractive concept to restore organ function through precise biological cooperation with surrounding tissues in vivo. However, in bio-hybrid artificial organs, an artificial organ with fibrous connective tissues, including muscles, tendons and ligaments, has not been developed. Here, we have enveloped with embryonic dental follicle tissue around a HA-coated dental implant, and transplanted into the lower first molar region of a murine tooth-loss model. We successfully developed a novel fibrous connected tooth implant using a HA-coated dental implant and dental follicle stem cells as a bio-hybrid organ. This bio-hybrid implant restored physiological functions, including bone remodelling, regeneration of severe bone-defect and responsiveness to noxious stimuli, through regeneration with periodontal tissues, such as periodontal ligament and cementum. Thus, this study represents the potential for a next-generation bio-hybrid implant for tooth loss as a future bio-hybrid artificial organ replacement therapy

Progress in Outreach of ERI’s Research Results Using Interactive Rich Contents Display System

We have developed an interactive display system operated by touch panel as one of the best ways to reach out the visitors by showing the outcomes of the Earthquake Research Institute (ERI). In this paper, we report some of the contents and the benefits of the interactive display. Research results are summarized as movies or high resolution graphics which we call “rich-contents”. We provide 65 and 45 inch touch panels connected to PCs which run Vizlmpress envision software developed by SGI, Japan. The rich-contents consist of three parts: 1) Introduction of Earthquakes and Volcanoes, 2) Outline of ERI, and 3) Research Highlights. Part 1 provides an animation of asperity, historical earthquake prints (Namazu-e) and disaster pictures, photos from "The Great Earthquake in Japan 1891" taken by J. Milne and W.K. Burton, and a high resolution map of the world seismicity. Part 2 includes a general description and history of ERI, photos of researchers, and ERI booklets such as brochure, annual reports or newsletters. Part 3 presents videos of observation sceneries from the top of the active volcanoes or from the cruise for settling ocean bottom seismometers. Computer simulations of strong ground motions, Tsunamis, mantle convection, and seismic shaking of builidngs are also included. One of the most enjoyable contents is the 3-dimensional seismicity map around Japan, from which you can rotate Japan and get to know how the oceanic plates subduct beneath Japan. This system was demonstrated at the exhibition booths of the Japan Geoscience Union mettings in 2007 and 2008, and Cities on Volcanoes 5 conference in 2007, and got the attention of visitors including high school students. The key factors of this captivation, in addition to the attractive and dynamic research results themselves, may be brought from 1) the quick response of the touch panel as well as the smooth zoom-in and zoom-out, and 2) a close distance between the audience and the presenter so that the presenter can be viewed as a part of the screen

DEVELOPMENT OF HONDA FCX

Honda has been researching and developing fuel cell to resolve issues we face such as air pollution and energy conservation. In October 2003, Honda announced the original fuel cell stack, and in November 2004 delivered the Honda FCX to New York State. In addition, Honda developed FCX CLARITY that is applied with technology of next generation fuel cell system and the body. And we started to deliver the FCX CLARITY for an individual user as a lease sale in July 2008.Honda could get various knowledge and experience about fuel cell stack by running FCX at the various regions, and it becomes clear about some problems of durability. This paper describes the durability of the FCX fuel cell stack

Analyzing Brain Waves for Activity Recognition of Learners

Part 2: Teaching and EducationInternational audienceUnderstanding the states of learners at a lecture is expected to be useful for improving the quality of the lecture. This paper is trying to recognize the activities of learners by their brain wave data for estimating the states. In analyses on brain wave data, generally, some particular bands such as α and β are considered as the features. The authors considered other bands of higher and lower frequencies to compensate for the coarseness of simple electroencephalographs. They conducted an experiment of recognizing two activities of five subjects with the brain wave data captured by a simple electroencephalograph. They applied support vector machine to 8-dimensional vectors which correspond to eight bands on the brain wave data. The results show that considering multiple bands yielded high accuracy compared with the usual features