On Transmission System Design for Wireless Broadcasting

This thesis considers aspects related to the design and standardisation of transmission systems for wireless broadcasting, comprising terrestrial and mobile reception. The purpose is to identify which factors influence the technical decisions and what issues could be better considered in the design process in order to assess different use cases, service scenarios and end-user quality. Further, the necessity of cross-layer optimisation for efficient data transmission is emphasised and means to take this into consideration are suggested. The work is mainly related terrestrial and mobile digital video broadcasting systems but many of the findings can be generalised also to other transmission systems and design processes. The work has led to three main conclusions. First, it is discovered that there are no sufficiently accurate error criteria for measuring the subjective perceived audiovisual quality that could be utilised in transmission system design. Means for designing new error criteria for mobile TV (television) services are suggested and similar work related to other services is recommended. Second, it is suggested that in addition to commercial requirements there should be technical requirements setting the frame work for the design process of a new transmission system. The technical requirements should include the assessed reception conditions, technical quality of service and service functionalities. Reception conditions comprise radio channel models, receiver types and antenna types. Technical quality of service consists of bandwidth, timeliness and reliability. Of these, the thesis focuses on radio channel models and errorcriteria (reliability) as two of the most important design challenges and provides means to optimise transmission parameters based on these. Third, the thesis argues that the most favourable development for wireless broadcasting would be a single system suitable for all scenarios of wireless broadcasting. It is claimed that there are no major technical obstacles to achieve this and that the recently published second generation digital terrestrial television broadcasting system provides a good basis. The challenges and opportunities of a universal wireless broadcasting system are discussed mainly from technical but briefly also from commercial and regulatory aspectSiirretty Doriast

Navigating the Future: Developing Smart Fairways for Enhanced Maritime Safety and Efficiency

The maritime industry is rapidly evolving with digital technologies, aiming to enhance efficiency, safety, and sustainability. Recent interest has focused on autonomous vessels and the digitalization of ports, yet fairway development has lagged behind. To effectively support the growing digital and autonomous marine traffic, it is essential that fairways are also upgraded and modernized. Addressing this need, this study examines key elements of Smart Fairways, with a particular focus on Finland’s maritime infrastructure. This research contributes to the development of the Smart Fairways concept by identifying five foundational and ten advanced Smart Fairway service elements. The main finding highlights the foundational role of communication systems in the development of more advanced Smart Fairway services such as Enhanced Vessel Traffic Service, Port just-in-time Service, Remote Pilotage, and Digital Twin of the Physical Fairway

Spectrum regulation and frequency allocation in the context of a smart city – using the regulatory approach in Finland as an example

Peer reviewe

Measurements to Study the Coexistence of Private LTE TDD Networks in 2.3 GHz Band

Private wireless networks have recently gained interest in many business applications. Use of 4G and 5G technologies for private network deployments has become feasible recently. Finnish Transport and Communications Agency Traficom began to grant licenses for private mobile Time Division Duplex (TDD) networks on frequency band 2300-2320 MHz in 2020. In this study, the coexistence of two 4G TDD networks is investigated through an extensive measurement campaign. The laboratory test setup developed to conduct the interference measurement campaign can be used to study 4G and 5G TDD technologies in frequency bands below 4 GHz. Networks using TDD technology are recommended to use synchronized frame configurations to avoid interference. Private network applications and requirements differ between user organisations and hence the uplink and downlink data rate requirements are different and may need different TDD frame configurations. This paper studies interference between adjacent private networks, which have same or different TDD frame configurations. Measurement results indicate that non-synchronized networks produce interference and significant decrease in data throughput in neighboring networks

Field Measurements to Study the Co-Existence of Geographically Limited Local Industrial Mobile TDD Networks

Use of 4G and 5G technologies for local industrial networks has become feasible in recent years. This paper studies the co-existence of two geographically limited adjacent Time Division Duplex (TDD) local networks through a field measurement campaign. The networks have the same or different TDD frame configurations. The test setup developed to conduct the interference measurement campaign can be used to study both 4G and 5G TDD technologies. Measurement results indicate that non-synchronized networks produce interference and significant decrease in data throughput in neighboring networks. Thus, networks using TDD technology are recommended to use synchronized frame configurations to avoid interference. However, local network applications and their requirements may differ between user organizations, and hence the uplink and downlink data rate requirements are different and may need different TDD frame configurations