Effect of high-fat diet on the various morphological parameters of the ovary

Increased food consumption rich in fat and carbohydrate and sedentary lifestyle have seriously increased the rates of obesity and obesity-associated diseases in developed countries. Female mice with diet-induced obesity exhibit infertility and thus can serve as a model for human polycystic ovary syndrome. The aim of the present study was to examine how ovary is affected by diet-induced obesity. The effects of high-fat diet (HFD) on ovary morphology in mice fed with HFD were investigated using unbiased stereological methods. The ovary of mice fed with HFD (n=8, C1090-60, Altromine) for 9 weeks, were compared with that of mice fed with standard chow diet (n=8, C1090-10, Altromine). Stereological parameters were obtained in diestrus cycle. The samples were processed through routine and standard paraffin embedding and were serially sectioned in 5-mu m thickness then, every 10th section was saved, stained with Crossman's triple stain for counting and measuring. In all sampled sections mean follicle numbers, diameters, total ovarian volume cortex to medulla ratio (Vv), ovum to cell ratio in secondary follicle were examined in all sampled sections. The present results showed that weight of ovarian and amount of intraperitoneal adipose tissue and the body weight markedly increased in obese mice when compared with control groups. Moreover, follicle numbers (except primordial follicles) and diameters were significantly increased in obese mice. Cortex to medulla ratio (Vv) and ovum to cell ratio in secondary follicle were also considerably different between experimental and the control groups. The present findings indicate that obesity adversely affects overall ovarian morphology.Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi (2014-586

Effect of high-fat diet on the various morphological parameters of the ovary

topal, fatma/0000-0003-3491-4970WOS: 000523594600010PubMed: 32274250Increased food consumption rich in fat and carbohydrate and sedentary lifestyle have seriously increased the rates of obesity and obesity-associated diseases in developed countries. Female mice with diet-induced obesity exhibit infertility and thus can serve as a model for human polycystic ovary syndrome. The aim of the present study was to examine how ovary is affected by diet-induced obesity. The effects of high-fat diet (HFD) on ovary morphology in mice fed with HFD were investigated using unbiased stereological methods. The ovary of mice fed with HFD (n=8, C1090-60, Altromine) for 9 weeks, were compared with that of mice fed with standard chow diet (n=8, C1090-10, Altromine). Stereological parameters were obtained in diestrus cycle. The samples were processed through routine and standard paraffin embedding and were serially sectioned in 5-mu m thickness then, every 10th section was saved, stained with Crossman's triple stain for counting and measuring. In all sampled sections mean follicle numbers, diameters, total ovarian volume cortex to medulla ratio (Vv), ovum to cell ratio in secondary follicle were examined in all sampled sections. The present results showed that weight of ovarian and amount of intraperitoneal adipose tissue and the body weight markedly increased in obese mice when compared with control groups. Moreover, follicle numbers (except primordial follicles) and diameters were significantly increased in obese mice. Cortex to medulla ratio (Vv) and ovum to cell ratio in secondary follicle were also considerably different between experimental and the control groups. The present findings indicate that obesity adversely affects overall ovarian morphology.Eskisehir Osmangazi University Research Projects Center [2014-586]The present study was also financially supported by Eskisehir Osmangazi University Research Projects Center with the project code 2014-586

Effect of consuming high-fat diet on the morphological parameters of adrenal gland

TOPAL, Fatma/0000-0003-3491-4970; Sahinturk, Varol/0000-0003-2317-3644; AYDAR, Yuksel/0000-0002-0285-9914WOS: 000482675200010PubMed: 31379183OBJECTIVES: The incidence of obesity and obesity-assosiated pathologies continues to increase with profound adverse effects on health status in the developed countries. BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate the effect of high fat diet on the adrenal gland morphology. METHODS: We fed the mice with either high-fat diet (60 % kcal from fat) or low-fat diet (10 % kcal from fat) for nine weeks. Unbiased stereological methods were used to evaluate the adrenal gland morphology. The sections were evaluated using Cavalieri's method and volume fraction approach. We calculated mean volume of adrenal gland, mean volume of adrenal medulla, V-Vadrenal (medulla/adrenal gland,) mean diameter of cromaffin cells, number of chromaffin cells in per unit volume (N-Vcc mm(-3)), total number of cromaffin cells, V-Vzona (glomerulosa/adrenal cortex,) V-Vzona (fasciculata/adrenal) (cortex,) V-Vzona (reticulosa/adrenal cortex.) RESULTS: The weight of adrenal gland, body weight intraperitoneal adipose tissue and adrenal gland weight in the obese mice significantly increased when compared with the control group. No changes were observed in the mean volume of adrenal gland, mean volume of adrenal medulla, V-Vzona (glomerulosa/adrenal cortex,) V-Vzona fasciculata/adrenal cortex,V- total number of cromaffin cells and diameter of cromaffin cells. However, N-Vcc mm(-3) and V-Vzona (reticulosa/adrenal cortex) in the obese mice considerably increased compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: The present results suggest that high fat diet adversely affects the adrenal gland morphology.Eskisehir Osmangazi University Research Projects Center [2014-586]The present study was also financially supported by Eskisehir Osmangazi University Research Projects Center with the project code 2014-586

Toxicologic Evaluation of Pepper Spray used as a Riot Control Agent: A Case Report

Pek çok ülkede biber gazı kargaşa durumlarında kişileri kontrol altına almak için polis güçleri tarafından ya da kişinin kendi kendini korumasında kullandığı bir ajandır. Biber gazı olarak bilinen Oleoresin capsicum (OC) spreyi son yıllarda popülarite kazanmıştır. OC, Capsicum türü bitkinin meyvelerinden elde edilmiş doğal bir üründür. Bu bitkinin ekstraktlarının tahriş edici özelliklerinden sorumlu aktif bileşen capsaicin (N-(4-hidroksi-3-metoksibenzil)-8-metil-trans-6-nonenamid)’dir. İkinci yaygın bileşen ise dihidrocapsaicin’dir. Halka satışa yönelik biber gazı ürünleri %1’den az oleoresin capsicum, kolluk kuvvet ürünleri için ise tipik olarak %5-10 oleoresin capsicum içermektedir. Biber gazı püskürtme silahı olarak kullanıldığında dakikalar içerisinde istem dışı göz kapama, nefes darlığı ve vücut denetim sisteminin kontrol kaybına neden olur. Sonuç olarak maruz kalmış kişiler agresif davranışlarını derhal bırakırlar. Maruziyetten sonraki 20-30 dakika içerisinde fiziksel etkiler ortadan kalkmaktadır. Olgu: Kargaşa durumunda polis tankından püskürtülen suya maruz kalan genç erkek vücudunda yanma hissi, aşırı kızarıklık ve titreme nöbeti şikayeti ile hastaneye gitmiştir. Aynı zamanda kişinin bu suya maruz kalan tişörtü mavi bir poşet içerisinde Çukurova Üniversitesi Adli Tıp Anabilim Dalı Toksikoloji laboratuvarına gönderilmiş, suyun kimyasal içerikli olup olmadığı ve kimyasal içerikli ise bu maddenin toksikolojik etkileri hakkında uzman görüşü istenmiştir. Şahsa ait tişörtün belli bölgelerinden toplanan örneklem kloroform ile ekstrakte edildikten sonra Gaz kromatografi/Kütle spektrometresi ile analiz edilmiş ve tişörtte OC metaboliti dihydrocapsaicin tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmamızın amacı bu olgu ışığında biber gazı ile ilişkili halk sağlığı riskini tanımlamak ve değerlendirmektirPepper spray is an agent used in riot by police forces to take control people or self-defense in many countries. Oleoresin Capsicum is known as a pepper spray has gained popularity in recent years. OC which is obtained fruit of plant in capsicum type is a natural product. Active component is responsible for an irritable effect of extracts of this plant is capsaicin ((N-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-8-methyl-trans-6-nonenamide). Second common component is dihydrocapsaicin. Pepper spray products contain typically 5-10% of OC for police and less than 1% of OC for public sale. Pepper spray causes to involuntary eye closure, shortness of breath and loss of control system of body in minutes when it uses as a spray gun. As a result,persons who exposure to pepper spray leave immediately aggressive behaviors. Physical effects disappear within 20-30 minutes after exposure. Case: A Young men who exposed to spray water from police tank in a riot event went to hospital due to complaints of excessive erythema, burning sensation and shivering fit in his body. His t-shirt which exposure to this water was sent to Çukurova University, Department of Forensic Medicine,Forensic Toxicology Laboratory in blue plastic bag. Whether there are chemical contents in this water was asked. If there was a chemical content, expert opinion was requested about its toxicological effects. After sample was collect from certain parts of his t-shirt was extracted with chloroform, It was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and determined dihydrocapsaicin which is a metabolite of OC in the t-shirt. The aim of our study is to define and evaluate the public health risk associated with pepper spray in light of this case