Sigma decomposition: the CP-odd Lagrangian

Journal of High Energy Physics 2016.4 (2016): 016 reproduced by permission of Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA)Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, sólo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiera, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMIn Alonso et al., JHEP 12 (2014) 034, the CP-even sector of the effective chiral Lagrangian for a generic composite Higgs model with a symmetric coset has been constructed, up to four momenta. In this paper, the CP-odd couplings are studied within the same context. If only the Standard Model bosonic sources of custodial symmetry breaking are considered, then at most six independent operators form a basis. One of them is the weak-θ term linked to non-perturbative sources of CP violation, while the others describe CP-odd perturbative couplings between the Standard Model gauge bosons and an Higgs-like scalar belonging to the Goldstone boson sector. The procedure is then applied to three distinct exemplifying frameworks: the original SU (5) /SO (5) Georgi-Kaplan model, the minimal custodial-preserving SO (5) /SO (4) model and the minimal SU (3) / (SU (2) × U (1)) model, which intrinsically breaks custodial symmetry. Moreover, the projection of the high-energy electroweak effective theory to the low-energy chiral effective Lagrangian for a dynamical Higgs is performed, uncovering strong relations between the operator coefficients and pinpointing the differences with the elementary Higgs scenarioThe work of I.M.H. is supported by an ESR contract of the European Union network FP7 ITN INVISIBLES (Marie Curie Actions, PITN-GA-2011-289442). L.M. acknowledges partial support of the European Union network FP7 ITN INVISIBLES, of CiCYT through the project FPA2012- 31880, of the Spanish MINECO’s “Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa” Programme under grant SEV-2012-0249, and by a grant from the Simons Foundation. S.R. acknowledges partial support of the European Union network FP7 ITN INVISIBLES and of the COFIN program PRIN 2010. This work was partially performed at the Aspen Center for Physics, which is supported by National Science Foundation grant PHY-106629

Higgs portal dark matter and neutrino mass and mixing with a doubly charged scalar

We consider an extension of the Standard Model involving two new scalar particles around the TeV scale: a singlet neutral scalar $\phi$, to be eventually identified as the Dark Matter candidate, plus a doubly charged $SU(2)_L$ singlet scalar, $S^{++}$, that can be the source for the non-vanishing neutrino masses and mixings. Assuming an unbroken $Z_2$ symmetry in the scalar sector, under which only the additional neutral scalar $\phi$ is odd, we write the most general (renormalizable) scalar potential. The model may be regarded as a possible extension of the conventional Higgs portal Dark Matter scenario which also accounts for neutrino mass and mixing. This framework cannot completely explain the observed positron excess. However a softening of the discrepancy observed in conventional Higgs portal framework can be obtained, especially when the scale of new physics responsible for generating neutrino masses and lepton number violating processes is around 2 TeV

An immunohistochemical study of cytokeratins distribution of the human adult male and female urethra

Surgical treatment of diseases affecting long urethral areas represents a challenge in urology. Recent developments of tissue-engineered urethral substitutes represent a hope for patients. However finding an ideal tissue source for urethral reconstruction first requires proper understanding of the native human urethra physiology and a deep knowledge of the histological and molecular features of the native human urethra. Here we present a comprehensive characterization of male and female urethra by histological, histochemical and immunohistochemical methods with a panel of 15 antibodies. The results demonstrated that the histology of the male and female urethra depend on the area where the sample is taken along its length. Proximal areas of male and female urethra have differential expression of the epithelial basal and suprabasal layer markers CK14 and CK10 which distinguished the prostatic/ membranous and proximal female urethra from the bulbar/penile and distal female areas of the urethra. The distal male (penile) and female may be further divided by the distinct expression pattern of CK19. On the other hand, the expression of CK5/6 and CK19 also make a distinction of the proximal and distal female urethra. These results should facilitate a more informed selection of donor graft tissues for urethral replacement. Besides, novel bioengineered urethral tissue approaches should take into account the characterization of the different areas of the urethra presented in this work