超吸水性ポリマー球状塞栓物質の高張食塩水を用いた膨潤抑制法の開発

PURPOSE: To analyze size changes of superabsorbent polymer (SAP) microspheres with the reduced expansion technique, and to evaluate pharmacological advantages of transarterial chemoembolization using cisplatin-loaded SAP microspheres with the reduced expansion technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In an in vitro study, diluted contrast materials containing different concentrations of sodium ions were examined to expand SAP microspheres and determined the reduced expansion technique. Size distributions of cisplatin-loaded SAP microspheres were analyzed. In an in vivo study, TACE was performed using cisplatin-loaded SAP microspheres with the reduced expansion and control techniques in 18 VX2 rabbits. RESULTS: The degree of expansion was reduced to the greatest extent by using a mixture of non-ionic contrast material and 10% NaCl at a 4:1 ratio. The mean diameter of the reduced expansion of cisplatin-loaded SAP microspheres was 188.4 μm, while that of the control expansion was 404.9 μm. The plasma platinum concentrations of the reduced expansion group at 5 min after TACE were significantly higher than those of the control expansion group (2.19 ± 0.77 vs. 0.75 ± 0.08 μg/mL, P = .01). The tumor platinum concentrations of the reduced expansion group at 1 h were significantly higher than those of the control expansion group (10.76 ± 2.57 vs. 1.57 ± 0.14 μg/g, P = .044). CONCLUSION: The expanding level of SAP microspheres can be reduced by using hypertonic saline. Cisplatin-loaded SAP microspheres with the reduced expansion technique have the advantages of achieving higher cisplatin tissue concentration in TACE for liver tumors.博士（医学）・甲第709号・令和元年6月26日© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature and the Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe (CIRSE) 2018This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Cardiovascular and interventional radiology. The final authenticated version is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00270-018-1990-4

A long-forgotten ‘dinosaur’ bone from a museum cabinet, uncovered to be a Japan\u27s iconic extinct mammal, Paleoparadoxia (Desmostylia, Mammalia)

Here, we report a new ‘discovery’ of a desmostylian fossil in the geological collection at a national university in Japan. This fossil was unearthed over 60 years ago and donated to the university. Owing to the original hand-written note kept with the fossil in combination with interview investigation, we were able to reach two equally possible fossil sites in the town of Tsuchiyu Onsen, Fukushima. Through the interviews, we learned that the fossil was discovered during construction of a debris flow barrier and that it was recognized as a ‘dinosaur’ bone among the locals and displayed in the Village Hall before/until the town experienced a fire disaster in 1954. As scientific findings, the fossil was identified to be a right femur of Paleoparadoxia (Desmostylia), which shows well-preserved muscle scars on the surface. The age was estimated to be 15.9 Ma or younger in zircon-dating. This study shows an excellent case that historical and scientific significances could be extracted from long-forgotten uncatalogued specimens as long as the original information is retained with the specimens

KaPPA-View4: a metabolic pathway database for representation and analysis of correlation networks of gene co-expression and metabolite co-accumulation and omics data

Correlations of gene-to-gene co-expression and metabolite-to-metabolite co-accumulation calculated from large amounts of transcriptome and metabolome data are useful for uncovering unknown functions of genes, functional diversities of gene family members and regulatory mechanisms of metabolic pathway flows. Many databases and tools are available to interpret quantitative transcriptome and metabolome data, but there are only limited ones that connect correlation data to biological knowledge and can be utilized to find biological significance of it. We report here a new metabolic pathway database, KaPPA-View4 (http://kpv.kazusa.or.jp/kpv4/), which is able to overlay gene-to-gene and/or metabolite-to-metabolite relationships as curves on a metabolic pathway map, or on a combination of up to four maps. This representation would help to discover, for example, novel functions of a transcription factor that regulates genes on a metabolic pathway. Pathway maps of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and maps generated from their gene classifications are available at KaPPA-View4 KEGG version (http://kpv.kazusa.or.jp/kpv4-kegg/). At present, gene co-expression data from the databases ATTED-II, COXPRESdb, CoP and MiBASE for human, mouse, rat, Arabidopsis, rice, tomato and other plants are available

Spatiotemporal evolution of magmatic pulses and regional metamorphism during a Cretaceous flare-up event: Constraints from the Ryoke belt (Mikawa area, central Japan)

The spatiotemporal relationship between granitoid intrusions and low-pressure/temperature type regional metamorphism in the Ryoke belt (Mikawa area) is investigated to understand the tectono-thermal evolution of the upper- to middle-crust during a Cretaceous flare-up event at the Eurasian active continental margin. Three plutono-metamorphic stages are recognized; (1) 99–84 Ma: intrusion of granitoids (99–95 Ma pulse) into the upper crust and high-T regional metamorphism reaching sillimanite-grade (97.0 ± 4.4 Ma to 88.5 ± 2.5 Ma) in the middle crust, (2) 81–75 Ma: intrusion of gneissose granitoids (81–75 Ma Ma pulse) into the middle crust at ~19–24 km depth, and (3) 75–69 Ma: voluminous intrusions of massive to weakly-foliated granitoids (75–69 Ma pulse) at ~9–13 km depth and formation of contact metamorphic aureoles. Cooling of the highest-grade metamorphic zone below the wet solidus of granitic rocks is estimated at 88.5 ± 2.5 Ma. At ca. 75 Ma, the upper-middle crustal section underwent northward tilting, resulting in the exhumation of regional metamorphic zones to ~9–13 km depth. Although the highest-grade metamorphic rocks and the 99–95 Ma pulse granitoids preserve similar U–Pb zircon ages, the absence of spatial association suggests that the regional metamorphic zones were mainly produced by a transient thermal anomaly in the mantle and thermal conduction through the crust, supplemented by localized advection due to granitoid intrusions. The successive emplacement of granitoids into shallow, deep and shallow levels of the crust was probably controlled by the combination of change in thermal structure of the crust and tectonics during granitoid intrusions

Age gap between the intrusion of gneissose granitoids and regional high-temperature metamorphism in the Ryoke belt (Mikawa area), central Japan

The relationships between the intrusion of gneissose granitoids and the attainment of regional high-T conditions recorded in metamorphic rocks from the Ryoke belt of the Mikawa area, central Japan, are explored. Seven gneissose granitoid samples (tonalite, granodiorite, granite) were collected from three distinct plutonic bodies that are mapped as the so-called “Older Ryoke granitoids.” Based on bulk-rock compositions and U–Pb zircon ages obtained by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, the analyzed granitoids can be separated into two groups. Gneissose granitoids from the northern part of the area give weighted mean 206Pb/238U ages of 99 ±1 Ma (two samples) and 95 ±1 Ma (one sample), whereas those from the southern part yield 81 ±1 Ma (two samples) and 78–77 ±1 Ma (two samples). Regional comparisons allow correlation of the northern granitoids (99–95 Ma) with the Kiyosaki granodiorite, and mostly with the Kamihara tonalite found to the east. The southern granitoids are tentatively renamed as “78–75 Ma (Hbl)−Bt granite” and “81–75 Ma Hbl−Bt tonalite” (Hbl, hornblende; Bt, biotite). and seem to be broadly coeval members of the same magmatic suite. With respect to available age data, no gneissose granitoid from the Mikawa area shows a U–Pb zircon age which matches that of high-T metamorphism (ca 87 Ma). The southern gneissose granitoids (81–75 Ma), although they occur in the highest-grade metamorphic zone, do not seem to represent the heat source which produced the metamorphic field gradient with a low dP/dT slope.三河地域における片麻状花崗岩類の貫入と領家広域変成作用の高温達成時期の関係を調べた. いわゆる「古期領家花崗岩類」3岩体から7試料を採取し. 全岩化学組成とLA-ICP-MSによるU–Pbジルコン年代を測定した. 北部の片麻状花崗岩類は99 ±1 Ma(2試料)と95 ±1 Ma (1試料)を示し. 神原トーナル岩と清崎花崗岩に対比できる. 一方. 南部の片麻状花崗岩類は81 ±1 Ma(2試料)と78 ±1−77 ±1 Ma (2試料)を示すことから. これらはほぼ同時期に活動した同源のマグマと推定される. 三河地域の片麻状花崗岩類からは. 本研究も含め. これまで高温変成作用の年代(約87 Ma)に合致するU–Pbジルコン年代は得られていない. 南部の片麻状花崗岩類は. 最高変成度地域に産するにもかかわらず. 高度変成岩類に比べて有意に若い年代(81−75 Ma)を示す. このことは南部の片麻状花崗岩類が領家広域変成作用の熱源ではないことを示唆する

A CASE OF YOUNG WOMAN WITH EARLY OBLITERATION OF THE SUTURES OF THE SKULL

Authors have had to perform autopsy on young woman with early obliteration of the sutures of the skull, and have added the various considerations suggested by literatures concernd with early obliteration of the sutures

PET imaging of synaptic transmission as a guide for neurogenerative treatment

Academia Eurasiana neurochirurgica the 12th conventio