Analysis of Carbohydrate–Carbohydrate Interactions Using Sugar-Functionalized Silicon Nanoparticles for Cell Imaging

Protein-carbohydrate binding depends on multivalent ligand display that is even more important for low affinity carbohydrate–carbohydrate interactions. Detection and analysis of these low affinity multivalent binding events are technically challenging. We describe the synthesis of dual-fluorescent sugar-capped silicon nanoparticles that proved to be an attractive tool for the analysis of low affinity interactions. These ultrasmall NPs with sizes of around 4 nm can be used for NMR quantification of coupled sugars. The silicon nanoparticles are employed to measure the interaction between the cancer-associated glycosphingolipids GM3 and Gg3 and the associated <i>k</i>_D value by surface plasmon resonance experiments. Cell binding studies, to investigate the biological relevance of these carbohydrate–carbohydrate interactions, also benefit from these fluorescent sugar-capped nanoparticles

Additional file 1 of Predictive factors for esophageal stenosis in patients receiving prophylactic steroid therapy after endoscopic submucosal dissection for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Comparison of clinicopathological factors between the groups in patients administered TrA injection only

Amphirionin‑4 with Potent Proliferation-Promoting Activity on Bone Marrow Stromal Cells from a Marine Dinoflagellate <i>Amphidinium</i> Species

A linear polyketide, amphirionin-4 (<b>1</b>), has been isolated from cultivated algal cells of the marine dinoflagellate <i>Amphidinium</i> species. The structure was elucidated on the basis of detailed analyses of 1D and 2D NMR data, and the absolute configurations of C-4 and C-8 were determined using the modified Mosher’s method. Amphirionin-4 (<b>1</b>) exhibited extremely potent proliferation-promoting activity on murine bone marrow stromal ST-2 cells (950% promotion) at a concentration of 0.1 ng/mL