Relation between Preinfarction Angina and Coronary Collateral Circulation in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Background: Coronary collateral circulation conduits an alternative blood flow to the ischemic myocardium in the setting of coronary artery occlusion which can prevent the infarction area to extend more widely. Well-developed coronary collaterals are closely related with the presence of preinfarction angina. However, the duration of preinfarction angina which can induce well-developed coronary collateralization is in controversy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between duration of preinfarction angina and coronary collaterals circulation in patients with acute myocardial infarction.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from May to November 2013 in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia. Seventy three acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients were included in the study. The patients were divided into Group 1 (<7 days) and Group 2 (≥7 days) based on their preinfarction angina history. The coronary collaterals were assesed and graded as good (Rentrop score 2−3) and poor (Rentrop score 0−1).Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test.Result: The presence of a well-developed coronary collateral was not significantly different in <7days than ≥7 days duration of preinfarction angina [50.8% v 75.0%, p=0.124].Conclusions: There is no relation between the duration of preinfarction angina and coronary collaterals circulation in patients with acute myocardial infarction. [AMJ.2016;3(1):28–33]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n1.70

APPLICATION OF K-NEAREST NEIGHBOR (KNN) METHOD TO DETERMINE CUPANG FISH USING CANNY EDGE DETECTION AND INVARIANT MOMENT

Betta fish are known as fighting fish, are aggressive and like to attack several types of Betta fish. They have attractive body colors, beautiful fins, calm and dignified movements. However, there are still many people who are wrong in distinguishing the types of betta fish, especially for those who just bought them, so to help determine the type of betta fish, a Matlab application was built to determine the types of betta fish based on their shape. K-Nearest Neighbor can classify objects based on learning data that is closest to the object so that the results can be more accurate. Canny is known as the optimal edge detection, this algorithm provides a low error rate. Invariant Moment is a feature extraction method that produces 7 features used to recognize an object. The combination of K-Nearest Neighbor, Canny, and Invariant Moment resulted in a fairly high accuracy for determining the type of betta fish, namely an average of 68.5714%, for training data with a total of 70 betta fish data, and 70%, for test data with the number 20 Betta fish data

Relation between Preinfarction Angina and Coronary Collateral Circulation in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Background: Coronary collateral circulation conduits an alternative blood flow to the ischemic myocardium in the setting of coronary artery occlusion which can prevent the infarction area to extend more widely. Well-developed coronary collaterals are closely related with the presence of preinfarction angina. However, the duration of preinfarction angina which can induce well-developed coronary collateralization is in controversy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between duration of preinfarction angina and coronary collaterals circulation in patients with acute myocardial infarction.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from May to November 2013 in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia. Seventy three acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients were included in the study. The patients were divided into Group 1 (<7 days) and Group 2 (≥7 days) based on their preinfarction angina history. The coronary collaterals were assesed and graded as good (Rentrop score 2−3) and poor (Rentrop score 0−1).Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test.Result: The presence of a well-developed coronary collateral was not significantly different in <7days than ≥7 days duration of preinfarction angina [50.8% v 75.0%, p=0.124].Conclusions: There is no relation between the duration of preinfarction angina and coronary collaterals circulation in patients with acute myocardial infarction. [AMJ.2016;3(1):28–33]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n1.70

DETEKSI POLA AROMA KULIT BABI DAN KULIT SAPI MENGGUNAKAN ELECTRONIC NOSE (E-Nose)

This study aimed to detect the aroma pattern of pigskin and cow-hide using E-Nose. This research was conducted by collecting data. Data were collected using Electronic Nose (E-Nose) and GeNose datalogger software. The software only displays the stress data of the two aroma patterns of cow hide and pigskin in real time, but has not been able to display the difference between the two aroma patterns. The aroma pattern of pigskin and cow hide has been detected and the radar plot shows the performance that there is one TGS sensor that does not respond to the aroma patterns of the two skins, namely TGS 2612, while the TGS sensor that responds is seven TGS sensors.

Steady-state response feature extraction optimization to enhance electronic nose performance

Feature extraction of electronic nose (e-nose) output response aims to reduce information redundancy so that the e-nose performance can be improved. The use of different sensor types and sample targets can affect the optimization of feature extraction. This research used six types of metal oxide sensors, TGS 813, 822, 825, 826, 2620, and 2611 in an e-nose system to detect three types of herbal drink. Five kinds of feature extraction methods on the original response curve in a steady-state response were used, namely, baseline difference, logarithmic difference, local normalization, global normalization, and global autoscaling. The results of feature extraction were fed into a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) system. As a result, global autoscaling and normalization had the highest total sum of the first and second principal components of 96.96%, followed by local normalization (90.18%), logarithm, and baseline difference (88.92% and 79.26%, respectively). The validation of PCA results was performed using a Backpropagation Neural Network (BPNN). The highest accuracy, 97.44%, was obtained from the global autoscaling method, followed by global normalization, local normalization, logarithm, and baseline difference, with an accuracy level of 94.87%, 92.31%, 89.74%, and 82.05%, respectively. This demonstrates that the selection of the feature extraction method can affect the classification results and improve e-nose performance

The electronic nose coupled with chemometric tools for discriminating the quality of black tea samples in situ

An electronic nose (E-nose), comprising eight metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors, was used in situ for real-time classification of black tea according to its quality level. Principal component analysis (PCA) coupled with signal preprocessing techniques (i.e., time set value preprocessing, F1; area under curve preprocessing, F2; and maximum value preprocessing, F3), allowed grouping the samples from seven brands according to the quality level. The E-nose performance was further checked using multivariate supervised statistical methods, namely, the linear and quadratic discriminant analysis, support vector machine together with linear or radial kernels (SVM-linear and SVM-radial, respectively). For this purpose, the experimental dataset was split into two subsets, one used for model training and internal validation using a repeated K-fold cross-validation procedure (containing the samples collected during the first three days of tea production); and the other, for external validation purpose (i.e., test dataset, containing the samples collected during the 4th and 5th production days). The results pointed out that the E-nose-SVM-linear model together with the F3 signal preprocessing method was the most accurate, allowing 100% of correct predictive classifications (external-validation data subset) of the samples according to their quality levels. So, the E-nose-chemometric approach could be foreseen has a practical and feasible classification tool for assessing the black tea quality level, even when applied in-situ, at the harsh industrial environment, requiring a minimum and simple sample preparation. The proposed approach is a cost-effective and fast, green procedure that could be implemented in the near future by the tea industry.Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia through a research scheme of PTUPT 2019 (Contract No. 2688/UN1.DITLIT/DIT-LIT/LT/2019). This work was also financially supported by strategic project UID/EQU/50020/2019—Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM, strategic project PEst-OE/AGR/UI0690/2014–CIMO, strategic funding UID/BIO/04469/2019-CEB and BioTecNorte operation (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000004), all funded by European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through COMPETE2020—Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI)—and by national funds through FCT—Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia I.P.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The Electronic Nose Coupled with Chemometric Tools for Discriminating the Quality of Black Tea Samples In Situ

An electronic nose (E-nose), comprising eight metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors, was used in situ for real-time classification of black tea according to its quality level. Principal component analysis (PCA) coupled with signal preprocessing techniques (i.e., time set value preprocessing, F1; area under curve preprocessing, F2; and maximum value preprocessing, F3), allowed grouping the samples from seven brands according to the quality level. The E-nose performance was further checked using multivariate supervised statistical methods, namely, the linear and quadratic discriminant analysis, support vector machine together with linear or radial kernels (SVM-linear and SVM-radial, respectively). For this purpose, the experimental dataset was split into two subsets, one used for model training and internal validation using a repeated K-fold cross-validation procedure (containing the samples collected during the first three days of tea production); and the other, for external validation purpose (i.e., test dataset, containing the samples collected during the 4th and 5th production days). The results pointed out that the E-nose-SVM-linear model together with the F3 signal preprocessing method was the most accurate, allowing 100% of correct predictive classifications (external-validation data subset) of the samples according to their quality levels. So, the E-nose-chemometric approach could be foreseen has a practical and feasible classification tool for assessing the black tea quality level, even when applied in-situ, at the harsh industrial environment, requiring a minimum and simple sample preparation. The proposed approach is a cost-effective and fast, green procedure that could be implemented in the near future by the tea industry

Relation between Preinfarction Angina and Coronary Collateral Circulation in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Background: Coronary collateral circulation conduits an alternative blood flow to the ischemic myocardium in the setting of coronary artery occlusion which can prevent the infarction area to extend more widely. Well-developed coronary collaterals are closely related with the presence of preinfarction angina. However, the duration of preinfarction angina which can induce well-developed coronary collateralization is in controversy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between duration of preinfarction angina and coronary collaterals circulation in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from May to November 2013 in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia. Seventy three acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients were included in the study. The patients were divided into Group 1 (<7 days) and Group 2 (≥7 days) based on their preinfarction angina history. The coronary collaterals were assesed and graded as good (Rentrop score 2−3) and poor (Rentrop score 0−1).Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test. Result: The presence of a well-developed coronary collateral was not significantly different in <7days than ≥7 days duration of preinfarction angina [50.8% v 75.0%, p=0.124]. Conclusions: There is no relation between the duration of preinfarction angina and coronary collaterals circulation in patients with acute myocardial infarction