WorldView-2 Satellite Image Classification using U-Net Deep Learning Model

Land cover maps are important documents for local governments to perform urban planning and management. A field survey using measuring instruments can produce an accurate land cover map. However, this method is time-consuming, expensive, and labor-intensive. A number of researchers have proposed using remote sensing, which generates land cover maps using an optical satellite image with various statistical classification procedures. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) technology, such as deep learning, has been used in multiple fields, including satellite image classification, with satisfactory results. In this study, a WorldView-2 image of Terangun in Aceh Province, which was acquired on Aug 2, 2016, was classified using a commonly used deep-learning-based classification, namely, U-net. There were eight classes used in the experiment: building, road, open land (such as green open space, bare land, grass, or low vegetation), river, farm, field, aquaculture pond, and garden. For comparison, three classification methods: maximum-likelihood, random forest, and support vector machine, were performed compared to U-Net. A land cover map provided by the government was used as a reference to evaluate the accuracy of land cover maps generated using two classification methods. The results with 100 randomly selected pixels revealed that U-Net was able to obtain a 72% and 0.585 for overall and kappa accuracy, respectively; whereas, overall accuracy and kappa accuracy for the maximum likelihood, random forest and support vector machine methods were  49% and 0.148; 59% and 0.392; and 67% and 0. 511; respectively. Therefore, U-Net outperformed those three of classification methods in classifying the image. &nbsp

Studi Preeliminari Suplementasi Produk Herbal Antidiabetes Terhadap Kontrol Glikemik Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe II

The aim of this preliminary study is to compare the effect of supplement herbal product (contained the combination of extract Phaesolus vulgaris  and Momordica charantia) and control for short term glycemic control in patient with diabetes mellitus type 2. A randomised clinical trial using paralel design subject has been done in patient with diabetes mellitus type II that meet inclusion criteria (n=60, each group consist of 30 patients). The research held on two public health center in Mataram. The participant alocated on two groups which are the group that got oral hypoglicemic medicine with the herbal product and the control group that only got oral hypoglicemic medicine. The character demographic of the patient and the result of the therapy was obtained by patient interviewed and physical assesment. Fasting Blood Glucose was measured on day 0, 7 and 14. The character demographic was analyzed using chi squared test, and there were no signifficant different on both treated and controlled group (p>0,05). There were also no signifficant different found between control and the treated group (0.73 ± 93,06 ;23,83 ± 100,94) on day 7 and day 14 analyzed using t-test. According to this study, the combination between supplement herbal product and oral hypoglicemic medicine does not improved glycemic control on patient with diabetes mellitus type 2. Bias in this studies encourages improvement in design and management of further studies.

Pengembangan dan Validasi Kuesioner Pengetahuan Mahasiswa Farmasi Terkait Produk Kefarmasian serta Alat Kesehatan dalam Pencegahan Covid-19

Asesmen pengetahuan tentang penggunaan produk kefarmasian dan alat kesehatan penting dilakukan pada mahasiswa farmasi sebagai dasar upaya pencegahan COVID-19. Kuesioner yang valid dan reliabel dibutuhkan dalam asesmen tersebut, namun studi di Indonesia masih terbatas. Oleh karena itu, studi ini bertujuan  untuk menguji validitas dan reliabilitas hasil pengembangan kuesioner gambaran pengetahuan pengetahuan mahasiswa terkait penggunaan produk kefarmasian dan alat kesehatan dalam upaya preventif  Covid-19. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif. Uji validitas konten melibatkan penilaian 6 orang pakar secara kualitatif (kesepakatan pakar) dan kuantitatif (indeks dan rasio validitas). Validitas muka dilakukan pada 30 orang mahasiswa secara kualitatif. Uji validitas konstruk dan reliabilitas dilakukan pada 30 orang mahasiswa dengan pendekatan korelasi bivariat dan Cronbach Alpha. Hasil uji validitas isi diperoleh kesepakatan pakar pada 55 item yang telah dikembangkan . Adapun secara kuantitatif nilai ICV-I sebesar 0,8 (1 item) dan 1. CVR bernilai 1 kecuali pada 1 item sebesar 0,6. Secara kuantitatif diperoleh 54 item pertanyaan yang valid. Validitas muka dinyatakan lolos setelah satu kali revisi. Pada uji validitas konstruk dan reliabilitas diperoleh nilai Chronbach Alpha 0,881 dan korelasi  item terkoreksi kurang dari 0,3 pada 14 item. Berdasarkan hasil uji  diperoleh kuesioner  yang valid dan reliabel untuk  mengukur pengetahuan tentang penggunaan produk kefarmasian dan alat kesehatan pada mahasiswa sebagai upaya preventif Covid-19. 

Penulisan Kajian Literatur: Solusi Riset Di Masa Pandemi

COVID-19 pandemic condition presents obstacles for lecturers and students of the Pharmacy Study Program in all aspects of life, including the educational aspect. One of the obstacles faced is the limitations of lecturers and students of Pharmacy in conducting field and laboratory research, so that it can have an impact on delays in the implementation of the tridharma. Literature review can be an option in overcoming these obstacles. This community service aims to improve targeting capabilities and design a literature review study as an alternative research solution during a pandemic. The method used in this activity is in the form of delivering material and guided discussions through webinars with the zoom meeting platform and YouTube Livestreaming on the Pharmacy account of the University of Mataram. The webinar is divided into 2 sessions, namely a material presentation session and a clinical session for writing scientific articles with experts. A total of 77 participants attended the activity consisting of lecturers from health groups and pharmacy students. The enthusiasm of the participants was quite high as evidenced by a number of questions submitted in the discussion session. Participants' responses to the activities ranged from 4.2 to 4.7 which indicated that the event was going well with an assessment using a Likert scale from 1 to 5. The components of the assessment included time suitability, material suitability, participants' understanding of the material, moderator behavior, benefits of the event for participants and participant's opinion on the event. The ability of community service participants increases in designing literature studies through the output of articles that will be submitted in reputable journals

Acute Toxicity Test of The Jamu TurmericTamarind on Artemia Salina Leach Larvae

Jamu is an ingredient from plant, animal material, mineral material, or a mixture of these ingredients for treatment based on experience. One of the jamu that are often consumed by Indonesian people, especially women, is the turmeric tamarind jamu. The turmeric and tamarind jamu is believed by most women to relieve pain during menstruation period. However, its current use has not been accompanied by the optimum dosage and side effects. Therefore, the toxicity test was carried out as an initial screening to predict the toxic levels that might be caused by the turmeric tamarind jamu. In this study, the bioactive substances in turmeric tamarind jamu will be identified, as well as the level of toxicity based on the LC50 value. Using variations in extract concentration, this study used a fully randomized approach. The powdered sample of turmeric tamarind jamu brand X was dissolved in water and then tested for phytochemical screening. Phytochemical screening including flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, steroids/terpenoids, and saponins screening was carried out qualitatively, the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method was used to carry out the toxicity.The results of the phytochemical screening showed that the turmeric tamarind jamu contains alkaloids, flavonoids, tepenoid, steroid and tannins. The results of the toxicity test of the turmeric tamarind jamu showed the LC50 value in 3366.656 ppm and classified as non-toxic because it had LC50 value more than 1000 ppm

UJI EFEKTIVITAS ANTIDEPRESAN OBAT HERBAL KAPSUL EKSTRAK DAUN PEGAGAN (Centella asiatica L.) PADA MENCIT DENGAN METODE FORCED SWIMMING TEST

Depresi adalah gangguan mental yang ditandai dengan beberapa gangguan seperti perasaan sedih hingga berujung pada bunuh diri. Obat antidepresan yang digunakan secara berkepanjangan   memiliki efek samping. Sehingga pengembangan dan penemuan obat antidepresan yang memiliki efektivitas lebih tinggi dan efek samping rendah sangat penting untuk dilakukan. Salah satu tumbuhan yang memiliki aktivitas antidepresan adalah pegagan. Saat ini, banyak produk obat herbal ekstrak daun pegagan beredar dipasaran diantaranya dalam bentuk kapsul dengan klaim yang sama sebagai antidepresan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas antidepresan obat herbal kapsul ekstrak daun pegagan. Metode yang digunakan adalah Forced Swimming Test (FST) yang dimodifikasi. 9 mencit dibagi ke dalam 3 kelompok dan masing-masing kelompok diberi tiga macam perlakuan yaitu amitriptilin sebagai kontrol positif, Na-CMC 0,5% sebagai kontrol negatif, dan obat herbal kapsul ekstrak daun pegagan sebagai sampel uji. Data yang didapatkan yaitu berupa data durasi immobility, struggling, dan swimming yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan aplikasi SPSS 25 dengan uji One-way ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan post hoc LSD sebagai uji lanjutan untuk membandingkan tiap perlakuan. Hasil yang didapatkan yaitu durasi  immobility, struggling, dan swimming pada perlakuan kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, dan obat herbal ekstrak daun pegagan berturut-turut kontrol negatif (87,00 detik; 25,33 detik; 127,667 detik), kontrol positif (17,66 detik; 36,33 detik; 186,00 detik), dan sampel uji (74,00 detik; 25,00 detik;140,66 detik). Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa obat herbal kapsul ekstrak daun pegagan memiliki efek antidepresan yang secara signifikan menurunkan durasi immobility dan meningkatkan durasi swimming pada mencit, tetapi tidak mempengaruhi durasi struggling

Pengenalan swamedikasi dengan metode CBIA pada kader Fatayat Nahdatul Ulama Kota Mataram

The ability to promote health, prevent disease, maintain health, and deal with illness and disability with or without the assistance of a healthcare provider is known as self-care. Irrational self-medication can have a variety of harmful effects. The government has taken action to reduce the unjustified use of medicine for self-medication. However, The distribution of this program, particularly in Islamic residential schools and religious institutions, needs to be more equitable. As an Islamic youth organization under the Nahdlatul Ulama, Fatayat is expected to assist in helping the community use medicine carefully. The program was held on November 13, 2022, at Musholla Umi Wartiah Sekarbela. Lectures, facilitated discussions, and guidance with worksheet completion made the learning method. Classical methods are used for material provision, and the team provides group coaching. The attendees were engaged in each session, following along closely and actively participating in the discussion. This program's key messages are that multiple drugs can have the same indication/efficacy and that different drug names can have the same active component. This activity aims to make participants aware of how critical it is to check the drug packaging to verify the active components and indication

Peningkatan pengetahuan dan pemeriksaan skabies santri Pondok Pesantren Nurul Islam Sekarbela

[Bahasa]: Angka prevalensi skabies di pondok pesantren di Indonesia adalah sebesar 3,9-6% termasuk di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. Alih pengetahuan oleh tenaga kesehatan terdidik pada santri diperlukan untuk mencapai pesantren bebas skabies. Program pengabdian kepada masyarakat (PKM) ini bertujuan untuk menentukan peningkatan pengetahuan, status perilaku kebersihan santri dan kesehatan kulit santri melalui penyuluhan dan pemeriksaan skabies pada santri Madrasah Aliyah Nurul Islam Sekarbela, Kota Mataram. Peningkatan pengetahuan ditentukan melalui pemberian kuesioner pretest dan posttest setelah penyuluhan. Status perilaku kebersihan santri ditentukan melalui wawancara semi terstruktur. Status dermatologis ditentukan melalui penemuan lesi skabies dengan pemeriksaan fisik dan teknik dermoskopi. Penyuluhan yang telah dilakukan meningkatkan pengetahuan santri terkait skabies sebesar 25-90%. Status perilaku kebersihan santri terkait skabies pada aspek kebersihan diri terkait penularan masih rendah dengan persentase lebih dari 50%. Berdasarkan pemeriksaan fisik, sebesar 21% santri terinfeksi skabies (n = 52 orang) dengan status dermatologikus berupa papula, erilematosa, skuama, dan erosi. Kata Kunci: alih pengetahuan, skabies, santri, madarasah [English]: The prevalence of scabies in Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia is 3,9-6%, including the province of West Nusa Tenggara. A knowledge transfer by educated health workers to madrasa students (santri) is needed to protect boarding schools from scabies. This community service program aimed to elevate the students’ knowledge of scabies, develop their hygiene behavior, and help them understand skin protection. It was done through counseling and physical examinations on students of MA Nurul Islam Sekarbela. The increase of knowledge was examined through the provision of pre and post counseling questionnaires. The personal hygiene status was determined through semi-structured interviews. Meanwhile, dermatological status was assessed through the scabies lesions by the physical examination and dermoscopy techniques. The counseling increased students’ knowledge of scabies at 72%-95%. The aspect of personal hygiene relating to transmissions is still low (> 50%). Based on the physical examinations, 21% of the students were infected with scabies (n = 52) in the form of papules, erythematous, squama, and erosion. Keywords: knowledge transfer, scabies, santri, madras

Edukasi dan sosialisasi gerakan masyarakat cerdas menggunakan obat (Gema Cermat) dengan metode CBIA

A community service about the education of Gema Cermat has been conducted in Lebah Sempaga village, West Lombok, NTB. The objective of these activities was to increase people’s knowledge and skills regarding the use of medicines in a right and rational way. The community service was held in three main steps of Community Based Interactive Method, namely presentation of the materials of Gema Cermat by pharmacist leader in NTB, assessments of people’s knowledge before and after socialization by using questionnaires, and evaluation of the participant skills in medicine identifications through the presentation of the participant representations. 23 people are participating in these activities, dominated by females with the age of about 29-50 years old. However, only 13 of them were finishing the questionnaires. Overall, the result of assessments, as well as the evaluation, showed that there was a noticeable improvement in the understanding of people about Gema Cermat, the precise and rational ways in using medicines, with the percentage of 16% increase.  Hopefully, people in that area could spread the information to others so that the side effects due to the non-appropriate use of medicines will reduc