It's All About Power: Validation of Trait and State Versions of the German Personal Sense of Power Scale

The present research was aimed at providing a German version of the Personal Sense of Power Scale (GPSPS; Anderson et al., 2012) and testing its psychometric properties. A personal sense of power describes the perception of one's ability to influence others. Probably every human relationship can be characterized by differences in power, which means that the measurement of experienced power is highly relevant. The availability of appropriate measures in different languages will help improve research and cross-cultural comparisons. Five studies were conducted. Internal consistency was high across all studies. Stability across 6 and 12 weeks was also high. A good fit was observed for a 6-item unidimensional version. Correlations with a variety of psychological and sociodemographic variables were in the expected directions, supporting nomological and criterion validity (Study 1). Measurement invariance across gender was demonstrated. In support of construct validity, a clinical sample scored significantly lower than others. Finally, two studies showed the sensitivity of a state version of the scale. We encourage researchers to use this scale as a reliable and valid instrument for assessing trait and state power

Die Kurzform des Hagener Matrizen-Tests (HMT-S): ein 6-Item Intelligenztest zum schlussfolgernden Denken

"Die Kurzform des Hagener Matrizen-Tests (HMT-S) ist ein kostenfreier Online-Intelligenztest, der bezogen auf das CHC- Modell der Intelligenz (Schneider/McGrew 2012) Induktion bzw. Reasoning, die Fähigkeit zum schlussfolgernden Denken misst. Der 6-Item HMT-S basiert auf dem 20 Items umfassenden Hagener Matrizen-Test (HMT; Heydasch/Renner/Haubrich/Hilbig/Zettler 2013). Die interne Konsistenz des HMT-S betrug in den durchgeführten Studien .62. Die Korrelationen des HMT-S zur Langversion betrug in einer ersten Studie r = .79 und r = .78 in einer zweiten. Zudem konnte die konvergente Validität durch Zusammenhänge u.a. zum Intelligenz-Struktur-Test 2000 R (Liepmann/Beauducel/Brocke/Amthauer 2007) belegt werden. Die Kriteriumsvalidität wurde durch Assoziationen zu akademischen Erfolgen nachgewiesen. Der HMT-S ist somit ein reliabler, valider und ökonomischer Intelligenztest, dessen Einsatz über folgende URL angefordert werden kann: http://HMT.de.lv." (Autorenreferat)"The short version of the Hagen Matrices Test (HMT-S) is a free of charge online intelligence test measuring induction in reference to the CHC model of intelligence (Schneider/McGrew 2012). The 6-item HMT-S is based on the 20-item Hagen Matrices Test (HMT; Heydasch/Renner/Haubrich/Hilbig/Zettler 2013). The internal consistency of the HMT-S in our studies was .62. The correlations with the original scale were r = .79 in a first study and r = .78 in a second one. In addition, convergent validity was shown by correlations with the Intelligence Structure Test 2000 R (Liepmann/Beauducel/Brocke/Amthauer 2007). Associations with academic performance indicated criterion related validity. To sum it up, the HMT-S is a reliable, valid, economic, and efficient intelligence test. Free applications can be requested via http://HMT.de.lv." (author's abstract

Performing humor: On the relations between self-presentation styles, gelotophobia, gelotophilia, and katagelasticism

Abstract This paper investigates relations of self-presentation styles with gelotophobia (fear of being laughed at), gelotophilia (joy of being laughed at) and katagelasticism (joy of laughing at others). It is argued that presentational capabilities are often necessary to effectively perform jokes and funny stories. Furthermore, humor may be used to convey self-images to interaction partners. Results of an online questionnaire study (N = 643) yielded the hypothesized associations between selfpresentation styles and humor-related traits. In particular, the histrionic self-presentation style that is characterized by performing explicit As-If-behaviors in everyday interactions showed incremental validity in predicting gelotophilia and katagelasticism over and above gender, age and two other self-presentation styles. The same incremental validity in predicting gelotophobia emerged for the protective self-presentation style that aims at avoiding social disapproval. The acquisitive self-presentation style (guided by the desire to win social approval) only showed a low positive correlation with gelotophilia, was unrelated to katagelasticism and negatively correlated with gelotophobia. The discussion is focused on the possibility to apply the themes of agency and communion to humor-related traits and self-presentation styles and highlights that research on humor and self-presentation may cross-fertilize

The HEXACO-100 across 16 languages: a large-scale test of measurement invariance

The HEXACO Personality Inventory–Revised (HEXACO–PI–R) has become one of the most heavily applied measurement tools for the assessment of basic personality traits. Correspondingly, the inventory has been translated to many languages for use in cross-cultural research. However, formal tests examining whether the different language versions of the HEXACO–PI–R provide equivalent measures of the 6 personality dimensions are missing. We provide a large-scale test of measurement invariance of the 100-item version of the HEXACO–PI–R across 16 languages spoken in European and Asian countries (N = 30,484). Multigroup exploratory structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analyses revealed consistent support for configural and metric invariance, thus implying that the factor structure of the HEXACO dimensions as well as the meaning of the latent HEXACO factors is comparable across languages. However, analyses did not show overall support for scalar invariance; that is, equivalence of facet intercepts. A complementary alignment analysis supported this pattern, but also revealed substantial heterogeneity in the level of (non)invariance across facets and factors. Overall, results imply that the HEXACO–PI–R provides largely comparable measurement of the HEXACO dimensions, although the lack of scalar invariance highlights the necessity for future research clarifying the interpretation of mean-level trait differences across countries