Compact star clusters of the LMC HII region N11C

Based on imaging and spectroscopy obtained at the ESO NTT telescope and using an efficient image analysis algorithm, we study the core of the LMC OB association LH13, particularly the two compact stellar clusters Sk-6641 and HNT in the HII, region N11C. We resolve Sk-6641 into 15 components and for the first time the HNT cluster into 70 stars, and derive photometry for the members. Moreover, from medium resolution spectroscopy we determine the spectral types for sixteen stars in N11C. We compare the color-magnitude diagrams of the clusters with that of the field stars and discuss the cluster ages. With an age of ~100 Myr, the HNT cluster appears significantly older than the very young (< 5 Myr) Sk-6641 starburst. We suggest that most of the `field' O-stars in the core of N11C have actually been ejected from Sk-6641 through dynamical interactions in the compact cluster. The properties of the Sk-6641 and HNT clusters suggest that we are viewing different star formation regions lying at different distances along the same line of sight.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figure

Survival of breast cancer in southern Iran

Background: Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women in the western world. With breast cancer now affecting one in ten women, it is important to know how this disease burden is shared among women. Aims: This study was undertaken to determine the survival rate of breast cancer in southern Iran. Methods and Material: From December 2001 to December 2006, among 8000 hospital-based registered cancer cases in southern Iran, 863 individuals with breast cancer entered our study. One, 5, 10 and 15 year-survival rates were estimated by Kaplan Meier function. Results: Mean age at the time of diagnosis of breast cancer was 46.3 years (SD=11.5). About 25.4% had a previous family history of cancer in their first and 13.8% in their second degree relatives. About 92.5%, 71.3% and 41.4% of breast cancer cases underwent surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, respectively. Nearly 11.7% of patients had a history of exposure to chemical materials. About 32.3% were passive and 19.2% were active smokers. Totally, one, 5, 10 and 15 year-survival rates were 97%, 67%, 45% and 25%, respectively. The survival rate had a significant negative correlation with age at the time of diagnosis. Conclusions: The survival rate of women with breast cancer in southern Iran seems to be identical to other parts of the country and stands between western and eastern European countries

Survey relationship between emotional intelligence and coping strategies to stress in nurses

مقدمه: پرستاری حرفه ایی، پر استرس است. درک نحوه مقابله با استرس، در مدیریت استرس مهم است، لذا این مطالعه با هدف تعیین رابطه هوش هیجانی و سبکهای مقابله با استرس در پرستاران انجام شد. روش کار: این مطالعه تحلیلی، از نوع مقطعی بود. نمونه های مورد پژوهش آن 90 نفر از پرستاران شاغل در بیمارستانهای آموزشی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جندی شاپور اهواز بودند. نمونه گیری به روش چند مرحله ای و با استفاده از پرسشنامه های هوش هیجانی بار- ان و سبکهای مقابله با استرس اندلر &ndash; پارکر انجام شد. تحلیل داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS و آمار توصیفی و ضریب همبستگی پیرسون، آزمون تی مستقل و آنالیز واریانس یک طرفه انجام شد. یافته ها: در رویارویی با استرس 5/74 از نمونه ها، از سبک مسئله مدار استفاده کرده بودند. افراد با سن و سابقه کار کمتر، نمره هوش هیجانی بیشتری داشتند، این اختلاف از نظر آماری معنی دار بود(05/0p&lt;). ضریب همبستگی پیرسون بیانگر ارتباط مثبت(628/0=r) و معنی داری، بین هوش هیجانی با سبک مسئله مدار بود،(001/0p&lt;). همچنین ضریب همبستگی پیرسون بیانگر رابطه منفی(411/0- =r) و معنی دار، بین هوش هیجانی و سبک هیجان مدار بود(001/0p&lt;). بین هوش هیجانی و استفاده از سبک اجتناب مدار در مقابله با استرس، ضریب همبستگی پیرسون ارتباط معنی داری را نشان نداد(778/0p&lt;). نتیجه گیری: هوش هیجانی با سبک های مقابله با استرس در پرستاران در ارتباط است و مسئولین آموزش مداوم می توانند تقویت سبک مساله مدار هوش هیجانی در پرستاران را، در دستور کار خود قرار دهند

A decade of child pedestrian safety in England: a Bayesian spatio-temporal analysis

Background Child pedestrian injury is a public health and health equality challenge worldwide, including in high-income countries. However, child pedestrian safety is less-understood, especially over long time spans. The intent of this study is to understand factors affecting child pedestrian safety in England over the period 2011–2020. Methods We conducted an area-level study using a Bayesian space-time interaction model to understand the association between the number of road crashes involving child pedestrians in English Local Authorities and a host of socio-economic, transport-related and built-environment variables. We investigated spatio-temporal trends in child pedestrian safety in England over the study period and identified high-crash local authorities. Results We found that child pedestrian crash frequencies increase as child population, unemployment-related claimants, road density, and the number of schools increase. Nevertheless, as the number of licensed vehicles per capita and zonal-level walking/cycling increase, child pedestrian safety increases. Generally, child pedestrian safety has improved in England since 2011. However, the socio-economic inequality gap in child pedestrian safety has not narrowed down. In addition, we found that after adjusting for the effect of covariates, the rate of decline in crashes varies between local authorities. The presence of localised risk factors/mitigation measures contributes to variation in the spatio-temporal patterns of child pedestrian safety. Conclusions Overall, southern England has experienced more improvement in child pedestrian safety over the last decade than the northern regions. Our study revealed socio-economic inequality in child pedestrian safety in England. To better inform safety and public health policy, our findings support the importance of a targeted system approach, considering the identification of high-crash areas while keeping track of how child pedestrian safety evolves over time

Effect of tocotrienols enriched canola oil on glycemic control and oxidative status in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial

Background: Tocotrienols have been shown to improve glycemic control and redox balance in an animal study, but their effects on patients with diabetes are unknown. The study aimed to investigate whether tocotrienols improves glycemic control, insulin sensitivity, and oxidative stress in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Materials and Methods: This study was a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized trial. A total of 50 patients, aged 35-60 years, with T2DM treated by noninsulin hypoglycemic drugs were randomly assigned to receive either 15 mL/day tocotrienols (200 mg) enriched canola oil (n = 25) or pure canola oil (n = 25) for 8 weeks. Fasting blood sugar (FBS), fasting insulin, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were determined before and after the intervention. The data were compared between and within groups, before and after the intervention. Results: Baseline characteristics of participants including age, sex, physical activity, disease duration, and type of drug consumption were not significantly different between the two groups. In tocotrienol enriched canola oil, FBS (mean percent change: �15.4 vs. 3.9; P = 0.006) and MDA (median percent change: �35.6 vs. 16.3; P = 0.003) were significantly reduced while TAC was significantly increased (median percent change: 21.4 vs. 2.3; P = 0.001) compared to pure canola oil. At the end of the study, patients who treated with tocotrienols had lower FBS (P = 0.023) and MDA (P = 0.044) compared to the pure canola oil group. However, tocotrienols had no effect on insulin concentrations and HOMA-IR. Conclusion: Tocotrienols can improve FBS concentrations and modifies redox balance in T2DM patients with poor glycemic control and can be considered in combination with hypoglycemic drugs to better control of T2DM. © 2015 Journal of Research in Medical Sciences

A comparison between Pa alpha and H alpha emission: The relation between HII region mean reddening, local gas density and metallicity

We measure reddenings to HII regions in NGC 2903, NGC 1512, M51, NGC 4449 and NGC 6946 from Hubble Space Telescope Pa alpha and H alpha images. Extinctions range from A_V ~ 5 - 0 depending upon the galaxy. For the galaxies with HST images in both lines, NGC 2903, NGC 1512 and M51, the Pa alpha and H alpha emission are almost identical in morphology which implies that little emission from bright HII regions is hidden from view by regions of comparatively high extinction. The scatter in the measured extinctions is only +- 0.5 mag. We compare the reddenings we measure in five galaxies using the Pa alpha to H alpha ratios to those measured previously from the Balmer decrement in the LMC and as a function of radius in M101 and M51. We find that luminosity weighted mean extinctions of these ensembles of HI regions are correlated with gas surface density and metallicity. The correlation is consistent with the mean extinction depending on dust density where the dust to gas mass ratio scales with the metallicity. This trend is expected if HII regions tend to be located near the mid-plane of a gas disk and emerge from their parent molecular clouds soon after birth. In environments with gas densities below a few hundred Msol/pc^2 star formation rates estimated from integrated line fluxes and mean extinctions are likely to be fairly accurate.Comment: accepted for publication in A

Simulation of vortex tube using natural gas as working fluid with application in city gas stations

The work has been done on a 3D model of vortex tube and the governing equations have been solved using ANSYS– FLUENTTM software. Simulations were performed using density based solver and k-ε turbulence model. After validating some results of present study with available data, the effects of geometrical parameters and air/natural gas flow in a vortex tube with 6 and 2 tangential nozzles was examined. The performance of vortex tube with 6 nozzles was better when compared with 2 nozzles which is in satisfactory agreement with previous experiments, so we only show the results for the 6 nozzles vortex tube. There is a little difference between air and natural gas as a working fluid. We found that the temperature difference between hot and cold ends for air flow was little more than natural gas. Based on the results obtained in this work it is concluded that vortex process based on pressurized natural gas can be used in C.G.S as a heat exchanger for high efficiency operation and energy saving purposes.Papers presented to the 12th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, Costa de Sol, Spain on 11-13 July 2016

Deconvolution with correct sampling

A new method for improving the resolution of astronomical images is presented. It is based on the principle that sampled data cannot be fully deconvolved without violating the sampling theorem. Thus, the sampled image should not be deconvolved by the total Point Spread Function, but by a narrower function chosen so that the resolution of the deconvolved image is compatible with the adopted sampling. Our deconvolution method gives results which are, in at least some cases, superior to those of other commonly used techniques: in particular, it does not produce ringing around point sources superimposed on a smooth background. Moreover, it allows to perform accurate astrometry and photometry of crowded fields. These improvements are a consequence of both the correct treatment of sampling and the recognition that the most probable astronomical image is not a flat one. The method is also well adapted to the optimal combination of different images of the same object, as can be obtained, e.g., from infrared observations or via adaptive optics techniques.Comment: 22 pages, LaTex file + 10 color jpg and postscript figures. To be published in ApJ, Vol 484 (1997 Feb.