Kendala Adopsi Benih Bersertifikat untuk Usahatani Kentang

EnglishMost potato farmers in Indonesia do not adopt certified potato seed. Relatively expensive price of certified seed is the main reason the farmers apply the seed produced by themselves. In general, prices of potato produced using certified seed and those produced using uncertified seed are relatively equal. The farmers who regularly apply certified seed are those having partnership with the potato processor. High risk of potato seed production discourages the certified seed producers to produce it in sufficient amount for market supply. Less cost of certified seed production and improved potato selling price will enhance farmers\u27 adoption of certified seed. The government needs to empower the farmers to produce quality seed by themselves through informal seed system development rather than they have to depend on commercial certified-seed produced by the formal seed industry. IndonesianAdopsi benih kentang bermutu oleh petani kentang di berbagai daerah relatif rendah. Harga benih kentang bersertifikat yang relatif lebih mahal dibanding benih kentang yang dibuat sendiri oleh petani merupakan alasan utama petani tidak menggunakan benih bersertifikat. Harga kentang yang berasal dari benih buatan sendiri dibanding harga kentang yang berasal dari benih bersertifikat jika dijual ke pasar umum harganya relatif sama. Penggunaan benih kentang bersertifikat dilakukan petani terutama untuk kemitraan dengan prosesor kentang. Risiko tinggi dalam memproduksi benih kentang bersertifikat merupakan disinsentif bagi penangkar benih kentang untuk berproduksi dalam jumlah yang memadai. Kemudahan dalam menangkarkan benih bersertifikat dan membaiknya harga jual kentang akan meningkatkan adopsi petani terhadap benih kentang bersertifikat. Pemerintah juga harus berinisiatif agar petani secara mandiri bisa menghasilkan benih kentang bermutu melalui pengembangan sistem benih informal dan tidak harus bergantung pada benih kentang komersial yang dihasilkan industri benih formal

Analisis Efisiensi Teknis USAhatani Padi di Jawa dan Luar Jawa : Pendekatan Data Envelopment Analysis (Dea)

Efficiency is an important aspect for farmer that can be used as a measuring tools to make a decision regarding production among available options. The objectives of this research is to evaluate the technical efficiency of paddy farming, and to identify the factors that influence the technical efficiency of paddyfarms in Jawa and outside Jawa. To analyzed the data, data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach and tobit regression were applied. Farmers were not use the the right amount of inputs as being recommended by the instructor, such as the use of seed, fertilizer NPK and urea. The use of Urea, NPK, and labor had the largest percentage of input slacks when compared to the other production inputs. Farmers in Jawa could reduce the use of urea by 6.75 kg, NPK by 14.96 kg, and labor by 7.45 HOK and farmers in outside Jawa could reduce the use of urea by 32.37 kg, NPK by 6.01 kg, and labor by 15.93 HOK to make the paddy farm technically efficient. One of the factors that can greatly influence the improvement of farming technical efficiency is the socio-economic factors. Factors that affecting the technical efficiency of paddy farm in Jawa were the age, the level of formal education, member of Farming group and the number of members in the household, and do not significantly affect the technical efficiency of paddy farm is acces formal finance, and ectention. Factors that affecting the technical efficiency of paddy farm in outside Jawa were the age, the level of formal education, and member of Farming group and, and do not significantly affect the technical efficiency is the number of members in the household, acces formal finance, and ectention

Analisis Daya Saing USAhatani Tebu di Propinsi Jawa Timur

In the aspect of sugarcane farming system, increasing productivity and sucrose content ofsugar cane (rendemen) are exactly needed to increase the productivity of sugar and farmerincomes. The objective of the research is to analyze competitiveness of farmer's sugarcanefarming system, which is measured by Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). The research was held onsugar factories in East Java (Pesantren Baru in Kediri, Krebet Baru in Malang, Semboro inJember, and Pagotan in Madiun). The data are collected by interviewing farmers, 20 farmers ineach sugar factory. The results show that farmer's sugarcane farming systems are financiallyprofitable with average advantage about 2.5-8 million per hectare. Farmer's advantage in Madiunand Kediri districts are lower than it is in Malang and Jember districts. Although financiallysugarcane farming system is profitable, economically it is contrary. Farmer's financial loss infrom 2.0 to 4.0 million per hectare. Sugarcane farming system in Madiun dan Kediri districts arenot having comparative advantage (DRCR<1), different from they are in Malang, Jemberdistricts. Sugarcane farming system in Madiun and Kediri districts will have comparativeadvantage if the productivity is increased by 20 percent or the International sugar price isincreased to 220 US$/ton

Efektivitas Kebijakan Perbenihan Kentang

Kebijakan sistem perbenihan kentang bertujuan untuk mendorong produksi dan peredaran benih kentang bermutu, serta mendorong petani lebih banyak mengadopsi penggunaan benih kentang bermutu. Berbagai produk hukum terkait sistem perbenihan kentang sudah dibuat. Sebagian besar peraturan yang ada ditujukan agar benih, termasuk benih kentang, diproduksi secara baik sesuai standar dan prosedur resmi. Walaupun demikian masih ada peraturan yang menghambat, misalnya pembatasan pemilikan modal asing dalam industri perbenihan yang merupakan disinsentif bagi investor asing. Dalam rangka otonomi maka pemerintah daerah diberi peran lebih besar dalam hal pengusulan varietas, impor dan ekspor benih, dan pendaftaran produsen benih. Berbagai daerah juga berupaya membuat kebijakan yang mendorong produksi benih kentang bermutu melalui pendirian pusat pengembangan benih kentang. Berbagai peraturan yang ada, lembaga-lembaga penghasil benih sumber, dan banyaknya produsen benih kentang belum bisa merangsang sebagian besar petani untuk menggunakan benih kentang bermutu. Disamping itu juga belum sepenuhnya peraturan ditegakkan, misalnya larangan peredaran benih tidak bersertifikat dan impor benih kentang yang berlangsung terus-menerus. Perlu kebijakan yang membuat industri benih kentang lebih efisien, yaitu produksi benih kentang lebih banyak, harganya lebih murah, dan tersedia sepanjang tahun bagi petani, tetapi produsen masih mendapatkan untung yang wajar