Studi Kasus: Pemalsuan Daging Sapi dengan Daging Babi Hutan di Kota Bogor

The adulteration of beef using wild boar meat in the city of Bogor has been a serious concern in the society. Monitoring and surveillance of beef products are needed to ensure the halal of animal products and to prevent the transmission risk of zoonotic diseases from wild boar meat to humans. The purpose of this study was to analyse the data of Dinas Pertanian Kota Bogor related to meat adulteration in 2013-2017. The case study approach was used in this research by conducting a collection of primary and secondary data. The primary data obtained from an indepth interview with the chief of veterinary public health, processing, and marketing of livestock products of Dinas Pertanian Kota Bogor. The secondary data were obtained from monitoring and surveillance report of Dinas Pertanian Kota Bogor in 2013-2017. The results showed that 7.86% (3/33 samples) of beef samples contained wild boar meat during the 2013-2017 period. The adulterated beef was found mainly from the meat kiosks in traditional markets. In conclusion, monitoring and surveillance related to meat adulteration problem is needed to be improved especially in the traditional market

Escherichia coli CONTAMINATION AND ITS RESISTANCE TO ANTIBIOTICS IN SE’I MEAT

The purpose of this study was to obtain Escherichia coli isolates from 11 se’i meat sellers in Kupang City and to observe their resistance to13 types of antibiotics. Escherichia coli were isolated and identified based on SNI 2897: 2008. Antibiotic resistance of the Escherichia colii isolates was determined using the Kirby-Bauer method. The results showed that 13 isolates (39.39%) of Escherichia coli in se’i meat samples had a high level of resistance to erythromycin (100%), tetracycline (76.92%), and doxycycline (61.54%). Isolates demonstrated increased resistance to streptomycin (46.15%), cephalothin (38.46%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (38.46%), amoxicillin (30.77%), chloramphenicol (30.77%), and choline sulfate (30.77%). The antibiotics nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin demonstrated low Escherichia coli resistance (7.69%). Escherichia coli are sensitive to cefotaxime and gentamicin. A total of 12 isolates (92.31%) experienced MDR. The presence of non-MDR and MDR resistant Escherichia coli in se’i meat can seriously threaten community health

Kejadian Bruselosis Pada Sapi Potong dan Pemetaan Wilayah Berisiko di Kabupaten Barru Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan Tahun 2015-2017

There is still lack of bruselosis in beef cattle in Barru District, South Sulawesi. The aim of this study was to analyze data about the temporary distribution of disease by measuring spreading speed, and spatial distribution by mapping risk areas for bruselosis over the past three years. The data of this study was collected using the records from Dinas Peternakan and conducting interviews using structured questionnaires. This research was a descriptive study by measuring the incidence rate and describing the risk map using geographic information system (GIS). The results of this study indicate that, based on the incidence rate, the average of distribution rate of bruselosis in beef cattle in Barru is 5 cases per 10 000 heads/year. This incidence rate always decreases every year. There was no sub-district that classified as high risk. There was one area that classified as medium risk namely sub-district of Mallusetasi. Control measure that have been carried out by goverment were successful to reduce the spread of disease

Escherichia coli O157:H7 Resistan Antibiotik Pada Daging Kebab yang Dijual di Sekitar Kampus IPB Dramaga Bogor

Kebab merupakan salah satu makanan siap saji atau ready to eat (RTE) yang populer di seluruh dunia. Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7 banyak dihubungkan dengan kejadian outbreak foodborne disease pada kebab. Kontaminasi E. coli O157:H7 resistan antibiotik pada kebab dapat menimbulkan masalah kesehatan serius. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi E. coli O157:H7 resistan antibiotik yang diisolasi dari daging kebab yang dijual di sekitar Kampus IPB Dramaga Bogor. Total 43 sampel daging kebab diambil dari seluruh pedagang kebab di sekitar Kampus IPB Dramaga dalam radius 2 km dari batas terluar Kampus. Isolasi dan identifikasi E. coli mengacu pada Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 2897:2008 dari Badan Standardisasi Nasional tentang Metode Pengujian Cemaran Mikroba dalam Daging, Telur, dan Susu, serta Hasil Olahannya. Uji serotyping E. coli O157:H7 menggunakan uji Serologis. Uji resistansi E. coli O157:H7 mengacu pada standar Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) dan dilakukan terhadap 10 jenis antibiotik menggunakan metode Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan enam isolat positif E. coli O157:H7 (31.6%; 6/19) yang resistan terhadap ampisilin, amoksisilin-asam klavulanat, sefotaksim, gentamisin, siprofloksasin, enrofloksasin, kolistin sulfat dengan satu isolat termasuk multidrug resistant (MDR). Semua isolat E. coli O157:H7 masih sensitif terhadap trimethoprim-sulfametoksasol, oksitetrasiklin, dan kloramfenikol

Kualitas mikrob dan sel somatik dalam susu yang berasal dari peternakan sapi perah di lokasi dataran tinggi dan dataran rendah

Konsumen berhak mengonsumsi susu yang aman, sehat, utuh dan halal. Faktor yang memengaruhi produktivitas dan kualitas susu, di antaranya adalah ketinggian lokasi serta kondisi lingkungan di sekitar peternakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perbedaan kualitas mikrob dan jumlah sel somatik (JSS) susu dari peternakan yang berlokasi di dataran tinggi (Cijeruk, Bogor) dan peternakan yang berlokasi di dataran rendah (Pondok Ranggon, Jakarta Timur). Parameter yang diamati, ialah angka lempeng total (ALT) mikrob, jumlah Staphylococcus aureus, dan JSS. Pengujian mikrob menggunakan metode hitungan cawan dan penghitungan JSS menggunakan metode Breed. Data dianalisis secara statistik dengan uji Mann-Whitney U dan Chi-square. Hasil ALT mikrob, jumlah S. aureus, dan JSS dalam susu yang berasal dari peternakan Pondok Ranggon yang berlokasi di dataran rendah menunjukkan nilai yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan susu yang berasal dari peternakan Cijeruk yang berlokasi di dataran tinggi. Rata-rata ALT mikrob, jumlah S. aureus, dan JSS dalam susu dari peternakan Cijeruk berturut-turut adalah 1,6×104 ± 1,5×104 CFU/mL; 1,3×103 ± 4,2×103 CFU/mL; dan 1.795.000  ± 1.838.791 sel/mL. Rata-rata ALT mikrob, jumlah S. aureus, dan JSS dalam susu yang berasal dari peternakan Pondok Ranggon berturut-turut adalah 3,5×105 ± 1,0×106 CFU/mL; 1,7×105 ± 6,3×104 CFU/mL; dan 3.032.222 ± 4.348.654 sel/mL. Penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara lokasi peternakan dengan jumlah S. aureus dalam susu (P<0,05). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini ialah status mikrob dan JSS dalam susu dipengaruhi oleh lokasi peternakan

Faktor Risiko Cemaran Escherichia coli pada Daging Kambing dan Domba Kurban di Provinsi DKI Jakarta

Escherichia coli merupakan salah satu bahaya biologis yang mempengaruhi keamanan daging  kambing dan domba Kurban. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengukur tingkat kontaminasi dan menentukan faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi tingkat cemaran E. coli pada daging kambing dan domba kurban di Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dari hasil pemeriksaan kesehatan hewan dan daging Kurban. Tingkat kontaminasi E.coli diperoleh dari hasil pemeriksaan  laboratorium dengan metode MPN, sedangkan data faktor risiko diperoleh dari penilaian kelayakan tempat kurban menggunakan checklist yang dikembangkan oleh tim Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan IPB University. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square untuk menentukan asosiasi dan rasio odds (OR) untuk mengukur kekuatan asosiasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 66,7% tempat penyelenggaraan kurban telah menghasilkan daging kambing dan domba yang mengandung E. coli dengan level melampaui batas Standar Nasional Indonesia/SNI (1 × 101 MPN / g). Faktor risiko selalu membersihkan kotoran hewan memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan tingkat kontaminasi E. coli. Faktor risiko lain termasuk keberadaan sertifikat kesehatan hewan, kepadatan hewan, dan bagaimana hewan ditangani setelah disembelih (hewan tidak ditumpuk) juga cenderung memiliki hubungan dengan tingkat kontaminasi E. Coli meskipun tidak signifikan secara statistik. Penyelenggara Kurban harus meningkatkan praktik higiene dan sanitasi dalam mengolah daging untuk mengendalikan tingkat kontaminasi E.coli. Pemerintah Provinsi DKI Jakarta perlu meningkatkan upaya untuk memperbaiki kesadaran masyarakat melalui komunikasi, edukasi dan informasi terkait praktik-praktik penanganan daging yang baik untuk Kurban

Postmortem Changes in pH, Color, Drip Loss, and Non-Protein Nitrogen in Beef Liver and Lungs During Storage in Refrigerator

Beef offal are consumed by people in some countries specifically in Asia.  Beef liver and lungs are favorite food which are used as meat in traditional food.  The objective of this study was to determine the postmortem changes in pH, color, drip loss, and non-protein nitrogen (NPN) content in beef liver and lungs during storage in refrigerator (3-4 ºC) until 5 d (120 h) after slaughter.  The beef liver and lungs were collected from the abattoir and transported in cool box (<7 ºC) to the laboratory within 3 hours.  The samples size of beef liver and lungs were 20 for each observation time.  In the laboratory the beef liver and lungs were measured directly for pH value, color (L*, a*, and b*), drip loss, and NPN content at 4 h postmortem (pm) and afterwards every beef liver sample was sliced into 5 pieces of 100-120 g and stored in chiller of 3-4 ºC.  The measurement of pH, color (L*, a*, and b* values), drip loss, and NPN content were conducted at 4 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h, and 120 h postmortem.  Data were analyzed descriptively and by comparing the 95% confidence interval of mean of each observation.  The results showed that pH, color, drip loss, and NPN content in beef lungs were higher than the values in beef liver.  The pH of beef liver and lungs declines until 96 h pm and 48 h pm, respectively.  The L*, a*, and b* values of beef liver and lungs increased in general during storage.  Drip loss and NPN in beef liver and lungs tended to increase significantly during storage.   From this study the pH value and NPN can be used to determine the freshness of beef liver and lungs

Data Dasar Perancangan Alat Celup Puting sesuai dengan Bentuk Puting Sapi Perah di Jawa Barat

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat data dasar mengenai ukuran puting sapi perah peranakan Frisien Holstein di Jawa Barat. Data digunakan sebagai acuan untuk merancang bangun prototipe alat celup puting sesuai dengan bentuk puting dan kondisi peternakan sapi perah di Indonesia. Penelitian dirancang menggunakan kajian lapang lintas seksional. Data diperoleh dengan cara pengukuran bentuk eksterior puting pada 324 ekor sapi perah dalam masa laktasi normal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa puting bagian depan memiliki rerata lebih panjang dibandingkan dengan puting bagian belakang, berturut turut panjang puting Kanan depan/KaD (6,11 ± 1,42 cm), Kiri depan/KiD (6,11 ± 1,48 cm), Kanan belakang/KaB (4,94 ± 1,37 cm), dan Kiri belakang/KiB (4,88 ± 1,41 cm). Setiap peningkatan umur laktasi menyebabkan panjang puting dari semua kuartir mengalami pertambahan ukuran, dan peningkatan yang signifikan terjadi pada laktasi ke-6 (P<0,05), kecuali pada puting KaB tidak menunjukkan perubahan yang signifikan (P>0,05). Rerata lingkar puting hampir sama pada seluruh kuartir, yaitu 7,66 ± 1,45 cm (KaD), 7,70 ± 1,49 cm (KiD), 7,13 ± 1,38 (KaB), dan 7,07 ± 1,46 (KiB). Rerata lingkar puting juga mengalami pertambahan ukuran seiring dengan bertambahnya umur laktasi. Peningkatan rata-rata lingkar puting secara signifikan terjadi pada umur laktasi ke-5 (P<0,05). Jarak antara puting kanan dan kiri bagian depan lebih lebar (8,08 ± 2,97 cm) dibandingkan dengan jarak antara puting kanan dan kiri bagian belakang (3,02 ± 2,54 cm). Jarak antara puting depan belakang bagian kanan (7,38 ± 2,56 cm) memiliki rerata yang hampir sama dengan jarak antar puting depan belakang bagian kiri (7,27 ± 2,54 cm). Puting depan memiliki jarak yang lebih dekat dengan lantai dibandingkan dengan puting belakang, dengan perbedaan jarak sebesar 0,97 cm

Manpower Planning in The Application of Teat Dipping To Control Sub Clinical Mastitis in The Small Dairy Farms

The application of teat dipping to control subclinical mastitis especially in small dairy farms is important; however, the application needs additional activity that has an impact on labor usage. This paper aimed to describe the labor usage to apply teat dipping for subclinical mastitis control in the small dairy farms. The convenience sampling techniques applied to select 34 farmers in Bogor as the respondents. Workload analysis and labor productivity were used in examining the application of dot dipping in various small dairy farms in Bogor City to control subclinical mastitis. This study was based on two types of experiments in small dairy farms in Bogor, West Java, namely teat dipping and without teat dipping. The findings show that the application of teat dipping had an impact on three things, namely an increase in labor usage and its workload, an increase in labor productivity and a decrease in the number of subclinical mastitis prevalence. This study concluded that labor was an important factor to control subclinical mastitis in small dairy farms. An increase in labor productivity had an impact on reducing the costs of mastitis treatment and finally increase farmer’s income. Keywords: mastitis, labor, small dairy farms, teat dipping, workload analysi

Microbiological Quality of Milk Flavored Ready to Drink and Hygiene Practice of Street Vendors

Milk products consumption has become a new trend of healthy lifestyle among students in order to meet appropriate daily nutrients. This study was aimed to measure the total number of microbes found in milk drinks sold around the IPB Dramaga and Cilibende and to determine factors that influence it. Samples were collected from 13 milk vendors within radius of 2 kilometers from outermost point of campus and taken with 3 repetitions. Calculation of the total number of microbes was done by using the plate count method in accordance with SNI 2897-2008 about testing method of microbial contamination in meat, eggs, and milk, as well as processed products and SNI 01-6366-2000 about the maximum limit of microbial contamination in food. Risk factors’ data was taken by interviewing milk drinks seller using structured questionnaire. Factors that influenced microbial contamination were analyzed using Chi-Square test. The results showed that 74.4% of milk drinks samples had a high total number of microbes. The average total number of microbes in Dramaga and Cilibende samples was 1.0 x 105 ± 1.4 x 105 cfu / ml and 1.1 x 107 ± 1.2 x 107 cfu/ml. The total number of microbes are significantly influenced (p<0.05) by equipments used, the cleanliness of the equipment, the cleanliness of the table, washing hands practice, and the distance from the crowd. The high number of microbial contamination in milk drinks could damage the quality of milk and shorten the shelf life