1,069 research outputs found
Enrichment effects on adult cognitive development : Can the functional capacity of older adults be preserved and enhanced?
Addressing the Well-Being of Young Children
The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted young learners\u27 daily routines, learning environments, and home life stability, severely impacting their well-being. Children\u27s issues with mental health, such as anxiety, stress, and depression, significantly impact their ability and interest to achieve in school settings. Additionally, the pandemic affected parents, caregivers, and educators, which had repercussions on their children and students. The authors conducted a literature review, identifying 26 articles that reported on young children\u27s mental health and well-being with a particular interest in the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and identified gifted children. This review illuminated some main themes: young children have mental health issues; parents, caregivers, and the environment impact the well-being of young children; mental health services are not readily available to support families and their young children; COVID-19 adversely impacted students, caregivers, and teachers; and strategies exist to better understand and support young children, their families, caregivers, and teachers. Therefore, it is essential to understand the impacts on young children\u27s mental health and how to best support them during these unprecedented times
Analysis of a jet stream induced gravity wave associated with an observed ice cloud over Greenland
International audienceA polar stratospheric ice cloud (PSC type II) was observed by airborne lidar above Greenland on 14 January 2000. Is was the unique observation of an ice cloud over Greenland during the SOLVE/THESEO 2000 campaign. Mesoscale simulations with the hydrostatic HRM model are presented which, in contrast to global analyses, are capable to produce a vertically propagating gravity wave that induces the low temperatures at the level of the PSC afforded for the ice formation. The simulated minimum temperature is ~8 K below the driving analyses and ~3 K below the frost point, exactly coinciding with the location of the observed ice cloud. Despite the high elevations of the Greenland orography the simulated gravity wave is not a mountain wave. Analyses of the horizontal wind divergence, of the background wind profiles, of backward gravity wave ray-tracing trajectories, of HRM experiments with reduced Greenland topography and of several instability diagnostics near the tropopause level provide consistent evidence that the wave is emitted by the geostrophic adjustment of a jet instability associated with an intense, rapidly evolving, anticyclonically curved jet stream. In order to evaluate the potential frequency of such non-orographic polar stratospheric cloud events, an approximate jet instability diagnostic is performed for the winter 1999/2000. It indicates that ice-PSCs are only occasionally generated by gravity waves emanating from an unstable jet
Analysis of a jet stream induced gravity wave associated with an observed ice cloud over Greenland
International audienceA polar stratospheric ice cloud (PSC type II) was observed by airborne lidar above Greenland on 14 January 2000. It was the unique observation of an ice cloud over Greenland during the SOLVE/THESEO 2000 campaign. Mesoscale simulations with the hydrostatic HRM model are presented which, in contrast to global analyses, are capable to produce a vertically propagating gravity wave that induces the low temperatures at the level of the PSC afforded for the ice formation. The simulated minimum temperature is ~8 K below the driving analyses and ~4.5 K below the frost point, exactly coinciding with the location of the observed ice cloud. Despite the high elevations of the Greenland orography the simulated gravity wave is not a mountain wave. Analyses of the horizontal wind divergence, of the background wind profiles, of backward gravity wave ray-tracing trajectories, of HRM experiments with reduced Greenland topography and of several diagnostics near the tropopause level provide evidence that the wave is emitted from an intense, rapidly evolving, anticyclonically curved jet stream. The precise physical process responsible for the wave emission could not be identified definitely, but geostrophic adjustment and shear instability are likely candidates. In order to evaluate the potential frequency of such non-orographic polar stratospheric cloud events, the non-linear balance equation diagnostic is performed for the winter 1999/2000. It indicates that ice-PSCs are only occasionally generated by gravity waves emanating from spontaneous adjustment
Test of candidate light distributors for the muon (g2) laser calibration system
The new muon (g-2) experiment E989 at Fermilab will be equipped with a laser
calibration system for all the 1296 channels of the calorimeters. An
integrating sphere and an alternative system based on an engineered diffuser
have been considered as possible light distributors for the experiment. We
present here a detailed comparison of the two based on temporal response,
spatial uniformity, transmittance and time stability.Comment: accepted to Nucl.Instrum.Meth.
Using Downhole Probes to Locate and Characterize Buried Transuranic and Mixed Low Level Waste
Borehole logging probes were developed and tested to locate and quantify transuranic elements in subsurface disposal areas and in contaminated sites at USDOE Weapons Complex sites. A new method of measuring very high levels of chlroine in the subsurface was developed using pulsed neutron technology from oilfield applications. The probes were demonstrated at the Hanford site in wells containing plutonium and other contaminants
Analysis of assessment practice and subsequent performance of third year level students in natural sciences
Summative assessment qualifies the achievement of a student in a particular field of
specialization at a given time. Questions should include a range of cognitive levels from
Bloom’s taxonomy and be consistent with the learning outcomes of the module in question.
Furthermore, a holistic approach to assessment, such as the application of the principles of
the Herrmann Whole Brain Model, needs to be used to accommodate learning style
diversity. The purpose of this study was to analyse, assess and compare the summative
assessment of two third year level modules in the Bachelor of Science degree programme,
namely Biochemistry and Zoology as part of action research with a view to enhancing the
professional development of the lecturers involved. The questions posed in summative
assessments were classified in terms of Bloom’s differentiation of cognitive levels and the
four different learning styles determined by Herrmann. Spearman’s non-parametric
analysis indicated that no correlation existed in this study between cognitive level and
student performance based on achievement. In addition, there was not much difference
between the cognitive levels and student performance between the two disciplines.
Although the students seemed to do better at application level questions, the authors need
to reflect on whether the assessments were valid with respect to the learning outcomes,
methods of facilitating learning, and the assessments based on cognitive levels and
learning style preferences. We conclude that continuous action research must be taken to
improve the formulation of learning outcomes and students’ achievement of these outcomes and quality of student learning – the main aim being the successful completion of the
modules.Improved Graduate Throughput Grant from the
Department of Higher Education and Training.http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/raer202016-03-03hb201
Five views of a secret: does cognition change during middle adulthood?
This study examined five aspects of change (or
stability) in cognitive abilities in middle adulthood across a
12-year period. Data come from the Interdisciplinary Study
on Adult Development. The sample consisted of N = 346
adults (43.8 years on average, 48.6% female). In total, 11
cognitive tests were administered to assess fluid and crystallized
intelligence, memory, and processing speed. In a
first series of analyses, strong measurement invariance was
established. Subsequently, structural stability, differential
stability, stability of divergence, absolute stability, and the
generality of changes were examined. Factor covariances
were shown to be equal across time, implying structural
stability. Stability coefficients were around .90 for fluid and
crystallized intelligence, and speed, indicating high, yet not
perfect differential stability. The coefficient for memory
was .58. Only in processing speed the variance increased
across time, indicating heterogeneity in interindividual
development. Significant mean-level changes emerged,
with an increase in crystallized intelligence and decline in
the other three abilities. A number of correlations among
changes in cognitive abilities were significant, implying
that cognitive change
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