Linguistic Structure in Statistical Machine Translation

This thesis investigates the influence of linguistic structure in statistical machine translation. We develop a word reordering model based on syntactic parse trees and address the issues of pronouns and morphological agreement with a source discriminative word lexicon predicting the translation for individual words using structural features. When used in phrase-based machine translation, the models improve the translation for language pairs with different word order and morphological variation

Berufstätigkeit und psychische Komorbidität nach Organtransplantation

Die Wiederaufnahme einer produktiven Beschäftigung ist ein wesentliches Ziel der Rehabilitation nach Organtransplantation. In Deutschland ist jedoch die Mehrheit der organtransplantierten Patienten im erwerbsfähigen Alter frühberentet. Die vorliegende Arbeit hat zum Ziel, die Beschäftigungssituation Organtransplantierter und mögliche Einflussfaktoren am Universitätsklinikum Leipzig zu untersuchen. Dabei interessiert insbesondere der Einfluss der psychischen Komorbidität auf die berufliche Reintegration. Im Rahmen einer katamnestischen Querschnittsstudie wurden insgesamt 82 Patienten ein bis acht Jahre nach Leber-, Nieren- oder Pankreastransplantation befragt. Neben der Beschäftigungssituation und der psychischen Komorbidität (SKID-I, HADS), wurden soziodemografische, medizinische und arbeitsbezogene Merkmale sowie die gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität (EORTC QLQ-C30) als potenzielle Einflussfaktoren auf die Arbeitswiederaufnahme und die psychische Komorbidität erhoben. Die Auswertung der Daten zeigt, dass berufstätige Organtransplantierte eine signifikant bessere gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität haben und signifikant seltener unter psychischer Komorbidität leiden als frühberentete Organtransplantierte. Dieser Zusammenhang sollte Beachtung finden bei der Rehabilitation und Nachsorge transplantierter Patienten. Ziel muss es sein, die berufliche Reintegration zu fördern und gleichzeitig psychische Komorbidität auch im Langzeitverlauf nach Transplantation frühzeitig zu erkennen und adäquat zu behandeln, um das Risiko für Frühberentung zu senken und eine verbesserte Lebensqualität und damit auch den Gesamterfolg der Transplantation langfristig zu sichern

Eccentric Exercise in Treatment of Patellar Tendinopathy in High Level Basketball Players. A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Chronic patellar tendinopathy is a common pathology in sporting population. To date, there is no agreed upon protocol as election treatment. Eccentric exercises have been used with satisfactory outcomes (3). The purpose of this trial was to compare the effects of two eccentric exercise protocols

The KIT Translation Systems for IWSLT 2013

In this paper, we present the KIT systems participating in all three official directions, namely English→German, German→English, and English→French, in translation tasks of the IWSLT 2013 machine translation evaluation. Additionally, we present the results for our submissions to the optional directions English→Chinese and English→Arabic. We used phrase-based translation systems to generate the translations. This year, we focused on adapting the systems towards ASR input. Furthermore, we investigated different reordering models as well as an extended discriminative word lexicon. Finally, we added a data selection approach for domain adaptation

“We Want Good Education for All of Us” – A Participatory Quality Improvement Approach

Introduction: In ever changing conditions, medical faculties must face the challenge of preparing their medical students as best as possible for the demands of their future work. This requires involving all stakeholders, especially medical students in the constant redefinition of medical curricula. Using the idea of “Communities of Practice” as conceptual framework, this study looks at semester spokespeople as an example for participatory quality management. Methods: We conducted focus-group interviews with semester spokespeople at a German Medical Faculty. Data was recorded, transcribed, and analysed using MAXQDA. The interviews were analysed using meaning condensation method. Results: Eleven out of 48 semester spokespeople took part. We found seven topics that fell within three main categories: (1) role of the semester spokesperson, (2) role of the fixed meeting, and (3) contact and commitment. Communities of Practice principles could be aligned to topics and categories. Discussion: The idea of semester spokespeople based on the concept of Communities of Practice are useful in the quality management processes of a medical school and lead to greater involvement of medical students, identifying their needs. The reciprocal commitment among all stakeholders fosters mutual understanding and collaboration. Future studies could investigate the underlying motivational factors of dedicated students and how to transfer these characteristics to a larger cohort

Growth patterns and breast milk/infant formula energetic efficiency in healthy infants up to 18 months of life: the COGNIS study

This project has been funded by Laboratorios Ordesa, S. L. Contract University of Granada General Foundation, No. 3349 and SMARTFOODS (CIEN) Contract University of Granada General Foundation, No. 4003, Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness, and partially funded by HORIZON 2020 EU DynaHEALTH Project (GA No.633595). N. S-V. has been granted with a scholarship from Fundaci ' on Carolina, Madrid, Spain.Type of feeding during early life influences growth trajectory and metabolic risk at later ages. Modifications in infant formula composition have led to evaluate their effects on growth and energetic efficiency (EE) compared with breast-feeding. Main goal was to analyse type of feeding potential effects during first months of life, plus its EE, on growth patterns in healthy formula fed (standard infant formula (SF) vs. experimental infant formula enriched with bioactive nutrients (EF)) and breastfed (BF) infants participating in the COGNIS RCT (http://www.ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT02094547) up to 18 months of age. Infants follow-up to 18 months of age (n 141) fed with a SF (n 48), EF(n 56), or BF (n 37), were assessed for growth parameters using WHO standards. Growth velocity (GV) and catch-up were calculated to identify growth patterns. EE of breast milk/infant formula was also estimated. Infants' growth at 6 months showed higher length and lower head circumference gains in SF and EF infants than BF infants. Both weight-for-length and weight-for-age catch-up growth showed significant differences in formula fed groups compared with the BF. No significant differences in GV or catch-up were found at 6-12 and 12-18 months. Regarding EE, infant formula groups showed significantly lower weight and length gains/g of milk protein, and higher weight and length gains/g of milk lipids, than the BF infants. GV during first 6 months, which may be influenced by feeding, seems to be the main predictor of subsequent growth trajectory. Breast-feeding may have positive effects on growth programming due to its nutrients' EE.Laboratorios Ordesa, S. L. Contract University of Granada General Foundation 3349SMARTFOODS (CIEN) Contract University of Granada General Foundation 4003Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and CompetitivenessHORIZON 2020 EU DynaHEALTH Project 633595Fundacion Carolina, Madrid, Spai