Development of an Analytic Nodal Diffusion Solver in Multigroups for 3D Reactor Cores with Rectangular or Hexagonal Assemblies.

More accurate modelling of physical phenomena involved in present and future nuclear reactors requires a multi-scale and multi-physics approach. This challenge can be accomplished by the coupling of best-estimate core-physics, thermal-hydraulics and multi-physics solvers. In order to make viable that coupling, the current trends in reactor simulations are along the development of a new generation of tools based on user-friendly, modular, easily linkable, faster and more accurate codes to be integrated in common platforms. These premises are in the origin of the NURESIM Integrated Project within the 6th European Framework Program, which is envisaged to provide the initial step towards a Common European Standard Software Platform for nuclear reactors simulations. In the frame of this project and to reach the above-mentioned goals, a 3-D multigroup nodal solver for neutron diffusion calculations called ANDES (Analytic Nodal Diffusion Equation Solver) has been developed and tested in-depth in this Thesis. ANDES solves the steady-state and time-dependent neutron diffusion equation in threedimensions and any number of energy groups, utilizing the Analytic Coarse-Mesh Finite-Difference (ACMFD) scheme to yield the nodal coupling equations. It can be applied to both Cartesian and triangular-Z geometries, so that simulations of LWR as well as VVER, HTR and fast reactors can be performed. The solver has been implemented in a fully encapsulated way, enabling it as a module to be readily integrated in other codes and platforms. In fact, it can be used either as a stand-alone nodal code or as a solver to accelerate the convergence of whole core pin-by-pin code systems. Verification of performance has shown that ANDES is a code with high order definition for whole core realistic nodal simulations. In this paper, the methodology developed and involved in ANDES is presented

Introduction of LGBT diversity through storytelling in the English Primary Classroom

The main objective of this end-of-degree project is to demonstrate that LGBT diversitycan be included at Primary Schools, more specifically in EFL as a way of fostering aninclusive education. For achieving this objective, the paper starts by addressing the legalsituation of the inclusion of LGBT diversity in Spanish Primary classrooms andbibliography on its implementation in the Primary education.With this in mind, this dissertation designs a Unit Plan on LGBT diversity, gender rolesand stereotypes and prejudices. This Unit Plan is designed for the EFL classroom, sostudents will learn English while they are taught about the diversity in our world. TheUnit Plan finds in traditional and modern fairy tales a contrast between stereotypes andprejudices and inclusiveness. These tales are introduced through storytelling, which is atool often used in the Communicative Language Teaching (CLT). CLT allows thecreation of a communicative environment in class, where the LGBT diversity isintroduced. The main of this process of revision of traditional fairy tales and encounteringnew fairy tales is that students are able to produce an alternative and inclusive ending fora fairy tale of their choice.<br /

Análisis de la transmutación de Actínidos Minoritarios en un reactor rápido de sodio con modelo de carga homogéneo mediante el código MCNPX-CINDER

El reactor rápido refrigerado por sodio (SFR) constituye uno de los conceptos más prometedores de los seis considerados en la Generación IV de reactores nucleares, encontrándose actualmente en fase de investigación. En este marco surge el proyecto europeo CP ESFR (Collaborative Project for an European Sodium Fast Reactor) cuya finalidad es analizar los diversos desafíos y oportunidades que el desarrollo de este tipo de reactores plantea, ya sea en términos de seguridad, tecnología de sodio, capacidades transmutadoras, etc

Transient analysis in the 3D nodal kinetics and thermal-hydraulics ANDES/COBRA coupled system

Neutron kinetics has been implemented in the 3D nodal solver ANDES, which has been coupled to the core thermal-hydraulics (TH) code COBRA-III for core transient analysis. The purpose of this work is, first, to discuss and test the ability of the kinetics solver ANDES to model transients; and second, by means of a systematic analysis, including alternate kinetics schemes, time step size, nodal size, neutron energy groups and spectrum, to serve as a basis for the development of more accurate and efficient neutronics/thermal-hydraulics tools for general transient simulations. The PWR MOX/UO2 transient benchmark provided by the OECD/NEA and US NRC was selected for these goals. The obtained ANDES/COBRA-III results were consistent with other solutions to the benchmark; the differences in the TH feedback led to slight differences in the core power evolution, whereas very good agreements were found in the other requested parameters. The performed systematic analysis highlighted the optimum kinetics iterative scheme, and showed that neutronics spatial discretization effects have stronger influence than time discretization effects, in the semi-implicit scheme adopted, on the numerical solution. On the other hand, the number of energy groups has an important influence on the transient evolution, whereas the assumption of using the prompt neutron spectrum for delayed neutrons is acceptable as it leads to small relative errors

Innovación en el periodismo emprendedor deportivo : modelo de negocio y narrativas

El periodismo emprendedor es el conjunto de iniciativas creadas desde 2008 por periodistas para afrontar la transformación del mercado periodístico español. La especialización en el deporte se ha convertido en uno de los ejes de crecimiento, copando alrededor del 17% del mercado de nuevos medios. Se evalúa el grado de innovación producido en la producción periodística. La metodología utiliza dos variables: la propuesta de valor, en particular el modelo de negocio, y la narrativa periodística. Se han censado 65 nuevos medios y se han cruzado ambas variables. Se observa que los nuevos proyectos que emplean géneros tradicionales (noticias, servicios informativos) son menos innovadores en la búsqueda de modelos de negocio. A la inversa, la apuesta por géneros diferentes (lectura pausada) va de la mano de modelos no basados sólo en la publicidad y la venta de ejemplares. Se concluye que hay poca innovación en 41 proyectos de noticias deportivas, y se destacan al menos 8 iniciativas con una propuesta innovadora.Entrepreneurial journalism is the set of projects created since 2008 by journalists to deal with the transformation of the Spanish media market. Specialization in sports stands out as one of the levers of growth, constituting around 17 per cent of the new media outlets. The degree of innovation in journalism production are analyzed through the measurement of two elements: their value proposition, in particular their business model, and the new ways of storytelling deployed in journalism. We identified and assessed 65 new media according to their degree of innovation. We concluded that new projects generating traditional genres (news, information services) are less innovative in the pursuit of business models. Conversely, the use of different genres (slow journalism) goes hand in hand with models not based only on advertising and sales. In conclusion, while there is little innovation in 41 projects of sports news, at least 8 initiatives with an innovative proposal stand out

Entrepreneurial journalism: sports journalism in Spain

Introduction. This article analyses entrepreneurial journalism as a phenomenon that has emerged in Spain‟s news media industry and has developed strongly in the sports news. Method. The analysis is based on the identification and analysis of the media startups launched since 2008 and on the results of the 2013 Report of the Journalistic Profession published by the Press Association of Madrid. Results. Sports journalism is a field that favours innovation and the creation of a diversity of projects. Two tendencies stand out: hyperlocal start-ups and niche information products. Discussion. The article examines the contribution of these projects to the current structure of the journalism industry, as well as their viability, characteristic business models, and common patterns. Conclusions. Sports journalism is still at an expansive phase and involves new ways of managing internet-based businesses that rely heavily on the personal brand of journalists, as well as new thematic areas and contents