Transmission of Little cherry virus -1 (LChV-1) by Cuscuta europea to herbaceous host plants

Little cherry virus-1 (LChV-1) was transmitted from infected Prunus avium F12 rootstocks by Cuscuta europea to Nicotiana occidentalis ‘37B’. Transmission of the virus was confirmed by RT-PCR analysis of total nucleic acid extracts from dodder and N. occidentalis. Symptoms consisted of curled leaves, reddening of leaf margins and veins, and plant decline. In parallel attempts virus transmission was not successful for LChV-2. Propagation of LChV-1 by mechanical transmission on N. occidentalis failed, however the virus was transferred serially by grafting

Natural widths in open-shell atoms: The K absorption spectrum of atomic oxygen

Total-ion-yield measurements and Hartree-Fock calculations are presented for the 1s→np, n=2 to 5 photoexcitations in atomic oxygen. Energies and relative intensities of the [1s]2s22p4(4P)np and [1s]2s22p4(2P)np series members are determined, and the apparent linewidths are measured. It is shown that natural widths in an open-shell atom can be deduced from an absorption spectrum only with the aid of theoretical input. The linewidth for the six individual components contained in the 1s→2p transition is determined to be 140(9) meV

Increased Expression of Cell-Cell Signaling Genes by Stimulated Mononuclear Leukocytes in Patients with Previous Atherothrombotic Stroke A Whole Genome Expression Profile Study

Background/Aims: Inflammation plays an important role in atherosclerosis and stroke. Acute infections are recognized as trigger factors for ischemic stroke. Methods: In this whole genome expression profile study of 15 patients and 15 control subjects, we tested the hypothesis that patients with a history of atherothrombotic stroke show enhanced transcription of inflammatory genes in circulating leukocytes. RNA from unstimulated or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was analyzed with Affymetrix U133A GeneChips using a pooling design. Expression of single genes and functional groups of genes was analyzed by global statistical tests. Results: A total of 10,197 probe sets showed positive calls. After correction for multiple testing no single probe set revealed significant differences either without or with LPS stimulation. However, significant global expression differences were found upon LPS stimulation for the group of genes that are involved in cell-cell signaling. Conclusion: LPS stimulation of PBMCs, a condition mimicking bacterial infection, induces differential expression of a group of cell-cell signaling genes in patients with previous atherothrombotic stroke. This finding can be caused by genetic differences between both groups, but acquired risk factors, medication and technical factors may also have contributed to the result. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Base

Imaging Temperature and Thickness of Thin Planar Liquid Water Jets in Vacuum

We present spatially resolved measurements of the temperature of a flat liquid water microjet for varying pressures, from vacuum to 100% relative humidity. The entire jet surface is probed in a single shot by a high-resolution infrared camera. Obtained 2D images are substantially influenced by the temperature of the apparatus on the opposite side of the IR camera; a protocol to correct for the thermal background radiation is presented. In vacuum, we observe cooling rates due to water evaporation on the order of 105 K/s. For our system, this corresponds to a temperature decrease of approximately 15 K between upstream and downstream positions of the flowing leaf. Making reasonable assumptions on the absorption of the thermal background radiation in the flatjet we can extend our analysis to infer a thickness map. For a reference system our value for the thickness is in good agreement with the one reported from white light interferometry.Comment: The following article has been submitted to Structural Dynamics. After it is published, it will be found at Lin

Angular anisotropy in the resonant Auger decay of 2p-photoexcited Mg

We have measured strongly negative β values of the 3s-participator lines at the magnesium 2p→4s and 2p1/2→3d excitations. Observed β values of the spectator lines following 2p→4s excitation are not reproduced by the strict spectator model. Our multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock calculations show that the resonant Auger spectra are influenced by unusually pronounced configuration interaction in the excited state. This influence is strongly enhanced by a change of sign in the Auger amplitude of the leading term near the transition energy, a dynamic effect similar to a Cooper minimum in photoionization