217 research outputs found
Music Interventions in the Treatment of Adolescent Trauma: A Systematic Review
As multidisciplinary research continues to uncover the promise of non-invasive interventions such as music in mental health treatment, clinicians, researchers, and music scholars alike have increasingly come together through the field of music psychology. As such, it is unsurprising that some of the most significant findings have come from cross-disciplinary studies in music and medicine. The juxtaposition of music and mental health creates a unique and substantial need for integration of literature across multiple disparate settings, including clinical psychology, education, neuroscience, music therapy, behavioral medicine, and psychiatry. Through methodological application of a textual narrative evidence synthesis, this review examines multiple modes of research, from randomized control trials and longitudinal studies to qualitative case material and phenomenological analysis. Psychologists and other mental health professionals will benefit from this review by learning what musical interventions are currently used in practice, for what purposes, and to what outcomes. The primary aim of this systematic review is to examine musical interventions for adolescent trauma survivors. This dissertation explores the following questions: How are clinicians using music with adolescents with histories of trauma? What musical interventions are used to improve affect regulation and other associated symptoms? What are the outcomes of musical interventions for traumatized adolescents
A Search for Gravitational Radiation from PSR 1937+214
A search for gravitational radiation from the "millisecond pulsar", PSR
1937+214, using a 40 meter baseline laser interferometric detector is described.
Four days of observation yielded 1.2 x 105 seconds of data. Throughout the experiment,
the pulsar phase was synthesized to an accuracy of better than one tenth
of the pulsar period. A trigger generated from this signal synchronized the data
averaging. Narrow band amplitude spectra centered at the pulsar's fundamental
electromagnetic pulsation frequency (~642 Hz) and its first harmonic were
obtained. The spectra, one for each combination of polarization and center frequency,
place 99.7% confidence level limits on the emitted gravitational radiation.
In dimensionless strain, h, the rms limits are:
642 Hz "plus" polarization 1.6 x 10-17
" "cross" " 3.1 x 10-17
1294 Hz "plus" polarization 1.1 x 10-17
" "cross" " 1.5 x 10-17
Over the four day observing period, the performance of the detector varied
with changing temperature. During the stable night hours, the two optical cavities
remained locked to reflection minima for 20 to 80 minutes before momentarily
losing lock. Temperature changes of 1° to 2°C in the morning and evening
necessitated compensating adjustments to the optics to maintain good fringe
visibility.
The interferometer senses changes in the separations between three test
masses. The test masses hang like pendulums so that they are free to move in
response to gravitational radiation. The suspension system is designed to provide
passive isolation from seismic and environmental vibration noise. The
orientation of each test mass is stabilized with a feedback loop. The design of
the test masses, their suspension systems, and the servo system which controls
their orientation is described.</p
Hierarchical multithreading: programming model and system software
This paper addresses the underlying sources of performance degradation (e.g. latency, overhead, and starvation) and the difficulties of programmer productivity (e.g. explicit locality management and scheduling, performance tuning, fragmented memory, and synchronous global barriers) to dramatically enhance the broad effectiveness of parallel processing for high end computing. We are developing a hierarchical threaded virtual machine (HTVM) that defines a dynamic, multithreaded execution model and programming model, providing an architecture abstraction for HEC system software and tools development. We are working on a prototype language, LITL-X (pronounced "little-X") for latency intrinsic-tolerant language, which provides the application programmers with a powerful set of semantic constructs to organize parallel computations in a way that hides/manages latency and limits the effects of overhead. This is quite different from locality management, although the intent of both strategies is to minimize the effect of latency on the efficiency of computation. We work on a dynamic compilation and runtime model to achieve efficient LITL-X program execution. Several adaptive optimizations were studied. A methodology of incorporating domain-specific knowledge in program optimization was studied. Finally, we plan to implement our method in an experimental testbed for a HEC architecture and perform a qualitative and quantitative evaluation on selected applications
L-band (3.5 micron) IR-excess in massive star formation, II. RCW 57/NGC 3576
We present a JHKL survey of the massive star forming region RCW 57 (NGC 3576)
based on L-band data at 3.5 micron taken with SPIREX (South Pole Infrared
Explorer), and 2MASS JHK data at 1.25-2.2 micron. This is the second of two
papers, the first one concerning a similar JHKL survey of 30 Doradus.
Colour-colour and colour-magnitude diagrams are used to detect sources with
infrared excess. This excess emission is interpreted as coming from
circumstellar disks, and hence gives the cluster disk fraction (CDF). Based on
the CDF and the age of RCW 57, it is possible to draw conclusions on the
formation and early evolution of massive stars. The infrared excess is detected
by comparing the locations of sources in JHKL colour-colour and L vs. (K-L)
colour-magnitude diagrams to the reddening band due to interstellar extinction.
A total of 251 sources were detected. More than 50% of the 209 sources included
in the diagrams have an infrared excess. Comparison with other JHKL surveys,
including the results on 30 Doradus from the first paper, support a very high
initial disk fraction (>80%) even for massive stars, although there is an
indication of a possible faster evolution of circumstellar disks around high
mass stars. 33 sources only found in the L-band indicate the presence of
heavily embedded, massive Class I protostars. We also report the detection of
diffuse PAHs emission throughout the RCW 57 region.Comment: 15 pages, 13 figure
Unlocking the Keyhole - H2 and PAH emission from molecular clumps in the Keyhole Nebula
To better understand the environment surrounding CO emission clumps in the
Keyhole Nebula, we have made images of the region in H2 1-0 S(1) (2.122 um)
emission and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission at 3.29 um. Our
results show that the H2 and PAH emission regions are morphologically similar,
existing as several clumps, all of which correspond to CO emission clumps and
dark optical features. The emission confirms the existence of photodissociation
regions (PDRs) on the surface of the clumps. By comparing the velocity range of
the CO emission with the optical appearance of the H2 and PAH emission, we
present a model of the Keyhole Nebula in which the most negative velocity
clumps are in front of the ionization region, the clumps at intermediate
velocities are in it, and those which have the least negative velocities are at
the far side. It may be that these clumps, which appear to have been swept up
from molecular gas by the stellar winds from eta Car, are now being over-run by
the ionization region and forming PDRs on their surfaces. These clumps comprise
the last remnants of the ambient molecular cloud around eta Car.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, to be published in MNRA
The Stellar Populations of Low Surface Brightness Galaxies
Near-infrared (NIR) K' images of a sample of five low surface brightness disc
galaxies (LSBGs) were combined with optical data, with the aim of constraining
their star formation histories. Both red and blue LSBGs were imaged to enable
comparison of their stellar populations. For both types of galaxy strong colour
gradients were found, consistent with mean stellar age gradients. Very low
stellar metallicities were ruled out on the basis of metallicity-sensitive
optical-NIR colours. These five galaxies suggest that red and blue LSBGs have
very different star formation histories and represent two independent routes to
low B band surface brightness. Blue LSBGs are well described by models with
low, roughly constant star formation rates, whereas red LSBGs are better
described by a `faded disc' scenario.Comment: 5 pages LaTeX; 2 embedded figures; MNRAS Letters, Accepte
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