Dynamic response of a spin-1/2 Kondo singlet

We present a study of spin 1/2 Kondo singlets in single electron transistors under a microwave frequency bias excitation. We compare time-averaged conductance $G$ to predicted universal response with respect to microwave frequency, oscillation amplitude and the Kondo temperature and find a non-adiabatic response when the microwave photon energy $hf$ is comparable to the Kondo temperature $k_B T_K$. We show that our measurements are qualitatively consistent with the predictions for the radiation-induced decoherence rate of the Kondo spin

The Europeanisation of local government in Western Scotland, 1975-1997

This thesis considers the impact of Europeanisation upon local government in the West of Scotland through analysing firstly, the response of Strathclyde Regional Council to Europeanising influences and the policies which SRC subsequently pursued to respond to these developments. The impact of European policies as a form of multi-level governance is also evaluated through research into the role of local government within two institutions established in Strathclyde to deal with aspects of European policy :- Strathclyde European Partnership and the Ouverture programme. Lastly, the impact of local government reorganisation upon SRC's successor unitary authorities to engage with European policy is considered. The research findings illustrate that the process of Europeanisation has developed through a number of cyclical stages which has resulted in the development of changing and varying response from SNAs to European policy developments. The initial engagement of SRC with European Institutions occurred at an early stage as the Council attempted to discover new sources of finance. The pro-active stance of the Council resulted in financial benefits for Strathclyde but also an increasing engagement within SRC with European policy as the Council responded to the emerging Single European Market. This engagement also led SRC to attempt to utilise a variety of means to influence European policy. The research suggests that while local government was able to influence the European policy process this tended to occur where European Commission and / or member-state(s) interests overlapped with those of local government. While multi-level governance exists in Western Scotland, the key partners remain the European Commission and the member state

An Investigation of Strategies to Reduce Structure Rule Coding Errors in Vroom & Yetton\u27s Normative Model of Leadership

Four versions of the structure rule and two levels of training were investigated in an attempt to eliminate structure rule coding errors in Vroom and Yetton\u27s (1973) Normative model of leadership. One hundred and sixty volunteer general psychology students received either thirty or ninety minutes of training on the Normative model and then responded to fifteen hypothetical situational problems. A 2 X 4 analysis of variance failed to reveal any significant effects. Neither the training nor structure rule effect was found to be significant. There was also no interaction between training and structure rule. Therefore, the various formats of the structure rule were not effective in eliminating the incorrect coding of the rule and training did not improve subjects\u27 coding accuracy. These findings are inconsistent with previous research. Several differences between the present study and previous research which may account for these inconsistent findings are mentioned, e.g., subjects, trainers, and training strategies. A number of implications for future research are also indicated, e.g., massed versus spaced and whole versus part training, motivation of subjects, and increased training time

Preferences and expectations of selected senior 4-H members and extension agents regarding Tennessee camps and conferences

The purpose of this survey-type study was to evaluate the present 4-H camp and conference programs in Tennessee. A total of 273 4-H mem-bers who attended the 1973 Tennessee State 4-H Congress and a total of 160 4-H agents responded to a mail questionnaire designed to probe mem-ber and agent preferences and expectations regarding camps and conferences. Characteristically, members: 1. Had been in 4-H club work for an average of about seven years. 2. Had attended demonstration day about three times. 3. Had attended week-long 4-H camp about three times. 4. Had attended, on the average, less than one (0.5) senior leadership conference of less than a week, and the same number of week-long senior leadership conferences. 5. Had attended less than one (0.3) all-star conference. 6. Had attended less than one day camp (0.2). 7. Had attended less than one (0.5) other 4-H camps and conferences. 8. Had attended a grand total of about three camps and conferences of all kinds. Other major camp and conference findings included the following; 1. Members and agents both picked, To have fun, as the number one reason from among eight identified why members attend camp; though members alone ranked the reason second to To make new friends. 2. They chose Summer employment and Friends did not attend as the more important of seven reasons why 4-H\u27ers do not attend camp. 3. 4-H members and agents agreed that the most important opportunity provided by present camps and conferences was to develop leadership ability. Social, physical and mental development opportunities also were mentioned. 4. They felt that a first major purpose of such activities was to help them learn to get along with others. To develop leadership ranked as second most important major purpose. 5. Four Value of camp principles, eight Program and method principles, five Staffing and planning principles, and eight Vocational and miscellaneous principles of successful camp and conference organization and conduct were identified and tested. In terms of specific evaluation, it was found that: 1. 4-H members felt present efforts at camp publicity and promotion were inadequate, while agents disagreed very significantly. 2. 4-H members and agents tended to agree in a positive evaluation of the present camp and conference programs. Some significant differences were noted when 4-H members and agents were compared by sex and district. Implications for application of findings and recommendations for further study were listed

Symmetries, Currents and Conservation Laws of Self-Dual Gravity

We describe an infinite-dimensional algebra of hidden symmetries for the self-dual gravity equations. Besides the known diffeomorphism-type symmetries (affine extension of w(infinity) algebra), this algebra contains new hidden symmetries, which are an affine extension of the Lorentz rotations. The full symmetry algebra has both Kac-Moody and Virasoro-like generators, whose exponentiation maps solutions of the field equations to other solutions. Relations to problems of string theories are briefly discussed.Comment: 14 pages, LaTeX, the paper was reformatte

The Effects of the Deflection Point and Shaft Mass on Swing and Launch Parameters in the Golf Swing

This study determined whether a higher dynamic deflection point (DDP) was evident when using a driver fitted with a stiff shaft of greater mass and whether between-shaft differences were evident in swing and launch parameters. Twelve elite male golfers had three shots analysed for each of two drivers fitted with “stiff” shafts of different mass (56 g and 78 g). Six swing and launch parameters were measured by a real-time launch monitor and the (DDP) was measured using a motion analysis system. Between-shaft differences were evident for the DDP at maximum, but not at ball impact. Between-shaft differences in swing and launch parameters for the heavier shaft resulted in; lower launch angles (p\u3c0.001), increased spin rates (p\u3c0.001) and steeper attack angles (p\u3c0.001). The findings show the importance of DDP and optimising swing and launch parameters

Computer Communications: Government Regulation

As the sole suppliers of telephone or telegraph services, certain carriers have the market power to tie or compel the purchase of their data processing services; they can subsidize the cost of their data processing services with the revenue derived from their monopoly; and they are able to divert resources needed to provide basic telecommunications services to promote their competitive data processing business. The issues raised by such competition will ultimately affect the services and facilities available to all users of computers and communications components needed to link the computer to the user. In this Article, Herbert E. Marks and Stephen R. Bell maintain that the present federal regulatory scheme is unsatisfactory because the areas within which the computer and communications industries may permissibly operate are not clearly defined. As a result, there is considerable overlap and competition. Congress and the FCC in its Second Computer Inquiry are presently considering new methods of regulation

THE EFFECTS OF THE DEFLECTION POINT AND SHAFT MASS ON SWING AND LAUNCH PARAMETERS IN THE GOLF SWING

This study determined whether a higher dynamic deflection point (DDP) was evident when using a driver fitted with a stiff shaft of greater mass and whether between-shaft differences were evident in swing and launch parameters. Twelve elite male golfers had three shots analysed for each of two drivers fitted with “stiff” shafts of different mass (56 g and 78 g). Six swing and launch parameters were measured by a real-time launch monitor and the (DDP) was measured using a motion analysis system. Between-shaft differences were evident for the DDP at maximum, but not at ball impact. Between-shaft differences in swing and launch parameters for the heavier shaft resulted in; lower launch angles (