Tetra­ethyl­ammonium bicarbonate trihydrate

In the title compound, C8H20N+·CHO3 −·3H2O, the bicarbon­ate anion, which has a small mean deviation from the plane of 0.0014 Å, fully utilises its three O and one H atom to form various O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds with the three water mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit, generating a hydrogen-bonded layer, which extends along (10). The tetra­ethyl­ammonium cations, as the guest species, are accommodated between every two neighboring layers, constructing a sandwich-like structure with an inter­layer distance of 7.28 Å

A Research on Maximum Symbolic Entropy from Intrinsic Mode Function and Its Application in Fault Diagnosis

Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is a self-adaptive analysis method for nonlinear and nonstationary signals. It has been widely applied to machinery fault diagnosis and structural damage detection. A novel feature, maximum symbolic entropy of intrinsic mode function based on EMD, is proposed to enhance the ability of recognition of EMD in this paper. First, a signal is decomposed into a collection of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) based on the local characteristic time scale of the signal, and then IMFs are transformed into a serious of symbolic sequence with different parameters. Second, it can be found that the entropies of symbolic IMFs are quite different. However, there is always a maximum value for a certain symbolic IMF. Third, take the maximum symbolic entropy as features to describe IMFs from a signal. Finally, the proposed features are applied to evaluate the effect of maximum symbolic entropy in fault diagnosis of rolling bearing, and then the maximum symbolic entropy is compared with other standard time analysis features in a contrast experiment. Although maximum symbolic entropy is only a time domain feature, it can reveal the signal characteristic information accurately. It can also be used in other fields related to EMD method

High photo-excited carrier multiplication by charged InAs dots in AlAs/GaAs/AlAs resonant tunneling diode

We present an approach for the highly sensitive photon detection based on the quantum dots (QDs) operating at temperature of 77K. The detection structure is based on an AlAs/GaAs/AlAs double barrier resonant tunneling diode combined with a layer of self-assembled InAs QDs (QD-RTD). A photon rate of 115 photons per second had induced 10nA photocurrent in this structure, corresponding to the photo-excited carrier multiplication factor of 10^7. This high multiplication factor is achieved by the quantum dot induced memory effect and the resonant tunneling tuning effect of QD-RTD structure.Comment: 10 pages,5 figures. Submitted to Applied Physics Letter

Dynamic characteristics of printing cylinder with rotating dynamic load

The structural vibration of the center impression cylinder in the flexographic printing machine will bring about production quality problems such as printing ghosts. To this problem, it become an important method to analysis the dynamic characteristics of the center impression cylinder. In this paper, a three-dimensional structural model of the central impression cylinder is established, and builds the dynamic model in finite element software. The vibration modes of the central impression cylinder were studied in the simple-supported system at both ends of the static impression cylinder. In view of the real existence of the rotating dynamic load, the evolution law of the natural frequency and mode shape of the cylinder with the rotating dynamic load is discussed. It is found that as the rotation speed increases, the natural frequency undergoes two steps, and the natural frequency after each step will keep continuity with the high first-order natural frequency, and the modal shape is the same as the high-order original mode. Then, the mode shape is continuously changed, not have a step

Design of Primers for Evaluation of Lactic Acid Bacteria Populations in Complex Biological Samples

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are important for human health. However, the relative abundance of LAB in complex samples, such as fecal samples, is low and their presence and diversity (at the species level) is understudied. Therefore, we designed LAB-specific primer pairs based on 16S rRNA gene consensus sequences from 443 species of LAB from seven genera. The LAB strains selected were genetically similar and known to play a role in human health. Prior to primer design, we obtained consistent sequences for the primer-binding sites by comparing the 16S rRNA gene sequences, manually identifying single-stranded primers and modifying these primers using degenerate bases. We assembled primer pairs with product sizes of >400 bp. Optimal LAB-specific primers were screened using three methods: PCR amplification, agarose gel electrophoresis and single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing analysis. During the SMRT analysis procedure, we focused on sequence reads and diversity at the species level of target LAB in three fecal samples, using the universal bacterium primer 27f/1492r as a reference control. We created a phylogenetic tree to confirm the ability of the best candidate primer pair to differentiate amongst species. The results revealed that LAB-specific primer L5, with a product size of 750 bp, could generate 3222, 2552, and 3405 sequence reads from fecal Samples 1, 2, and 3. This represented 14, 13 and 10% of all target LAB sequence reads, respectively, compared with 2, 0.8, and 0.8% using the 27f/1492r primer. In addition, L5 detected LAB that were in low abundance and could not be detected using the 27f/1492r primer. The phylogenetic tree based on the alignments between the forward and reverse primer of L5 showed that species within the seven target LAB genera could be distinguished from each other, confirming L5 is a powerful tool for inferring phylogenetic relationships amongst LAB species. In conclusion, L5 is a LAB-specific primer that can be used for high-throughput sequencing and identification of taxa to the species level, especially in complex samples with relatively low LAB content. This enables further research on LAB population diversity in complex ecosystem, and on relationships between LAB and their hosts

Dynamic characteristics of printing cylinder with rotating dynamic load

The structural vibration of the center impression cylinder in the flexographic printing machine will bring about production quality problems such as printing ghosts. To this problem, it become an important method to analysis the dynamic characteristics of the center impression cylinder. In this paper, a three-dimensional structural model of the central impression cylinder is established, and builds the dynamic model in finite element software. The vibration modes of the central impression cylinder were studied in the simple-supported system at both ends of the static impression cylinder. In view of the real existence of the rotating dynamic load, the evolution law of the natural frequency and mode shape of the cylinder with the rotating dynamic load is discussed. It is found that as the rotation speed increases, the natural frequency undergoes two steps, and the natural frequency after each step will keep continuity with the high first-order natural frequency, and the modal shape is the same as the high-order original mode. Then, the mode shape is continuously changed, not have a step

Oral Administration of Compound Probiotics Improved Canine Feed Intake, Weight Gain, Immunity and Intestinal Microbiota

Probiotics have been used successfully to promote human and animal health, but only limited studies have focused on using probiotics to improve the health of hosts of different age. Canine microbiome studies may be predictive of results in humans because of the high structural and functional similarity between dog and human microbiomes. A total of 90 dogs were divided into three groups based on dog age (elderly group, n = 30; young group, n = 24; and training group, n = 36). Each group was subdivided into two subgroups, with and without receiving daily probiotic feed additive. The probiotic feed additive contained three different bacterial strains, namely Lactobacillus casei Zhang, Lactobacillus plantarum P-8, and Bifdobacterium animalis subsp. lactis V9. Serum and fecal samples were collected and analyzed at four different time points, i.e., days 0, 30, and 60 of probiotic treatment, and 15 days after ceasing probiotic treatment. The results demonstrated that probiotics significantly promoted the average daily feed intake of the elderly dogs (P < 0.01) and the average daily weight gain of all dogs (P < 0.05), enhanced the level of serum IgG (P < 0.001), IFN-α (P < 0.05), and fecal SIgA (P < 0.001), while reduced the TNF-α (P < 0.05). Additionally, probiotics could change the gut microbial structure of elderly dogs and significantly increased beneficial bacteria (including some Lactobacillus species and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii) and decreased potentially harmful bacteria (including Escherichia coli and Sutterella stercoricanisin), and the elderly dogs showed the strongest response to the probiotics; the relative abundance of some of these species correlated with certain immune factors and physiological parameters, suggesting that the probiotic treatment improved the host health and enhanced the host immunity by stimulating antibody and cytokine secretion through regulating canine gut microbiota. Furthermore, the gut microbiota of the elderly dogs shifted toward a younger-like composition at day 60 of probiotic treatment. Our findings suggested that the probiotic treatment effects on canine health and immunity were age-related and have provided interesting insights into future development of probiotic-based strategies to improve animal and human health

Manufacturing Process Improvement for Automotive Supplier

Tato diplomová práce je zaměřena na zlepšení výrobního procesu v automobilovém průmyslu ve společnosti Brose CZ, spol. s r. o. V teoretické části jsou vysvětleny základní pojmy a metody z oblasti kvality, následně je provedena analýza vybraného procesu. Na základě poznatků jsou navržena řešení sloužící k eliminaci případně k odstranění nedostatků.This thesis is focused on „Manufacturing Process Improvement for Automotive Supplier“ in company Brose CZ s. r. o. Theoretical part covers the basic term, methods from the field of quality. Next part explores the analysis of the selected process. There are proposed corrective and preventive action based on the discovered findings.152 - Katedra podnikohospodářskávýborn