Las instituciones regionales en el sur del globo: La lógica de las instituciones regionales en América del sur desde el si

Particularly, beginning the 21st century the Political landscapesaliently changed and shifted to debunk the notion of “the end ofhistory” in South America. Several Latin American scholars including Bjorn Hettne, Osvaldo Sunkel, and Philippe De Lombaerde andthe international organizations including United Nations for LatinAmerican Economic Commission (UN ECLAC) have paid attentionto the left-leaning governments which have eventually governedthese states. In this vein, this study (as an initial step for the research proposal)attempts to understand the logic of (new) regionalism under globalismand particularly to contribute to its academic value. This study ismainly approaching the subject from a theoretical foundation in orderto understand and then to apply the rationale of politically-orientedregional institutions.En los últimos años, el “paisaje o territorio político” ha sido tannotablemente modificado y cambiado que se puede rechazar la ideade “final de la historia” en América del Sur, particularmente a partirdel siglo XXI. Diversos investigadores como Bjorn Hettne, OsvaldoSunkel y Philippe De Lombaerde, y también organizaciones internacionales como la Comisión Económica para América Latina y elCaribe de Naciones Unidas (CEPAL) han prestado atención a losdistintos gobiernos de izquierda que, eventualmente, han gobernadoen estos países.En este sentido, este estudio trata de comprender la lógica del “nuevo”regionalismo bajo la globalización y en particular para contribuir alos avances académicos en esta área. Este estudio pretende sobre todoaproximarse a la formación de una base teórica para comprender yaplicar los fundamentos de las instituciones regionales que tienen másorientación política. De esta forma, se analizan no sólo los diversosaportes teóricos sobre la integración en América del Sur, sino también algunas de las principales variables claves de su evolución, en lascuales se posiciona la variable “identidad” como un tema fundamental

Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation in ATM Networks

Today's new applications such as World Wide Web, video conferencing and multimedia have introduced a large amount of traffic into the network. Additionally new applications are also heading towards real time process. Instant access to the network, greater level of performances and higher degree of satisfaction has become the main concerns of users using these new applications. Although current transmission mediums have advanced in capacity through means such as optical fiber and Gigabit Ethernet, future and unknown new services tend to consume up the available bandwidth. ATM network is the new technology used to support a wide variety of services including data, voice, video and most possibly other future applications. Its flexibility, efficiency and high throughput have gained popularity but with greater complexity due to different approaches in handling different type of services.A high-speed network such as ATM networks must have an effective traffic management scheme in order to gain high data throughput with the least cost of operation. Thus, simulation and modeling are the effective methods used to design the trade-off between network parameters and their performances. Effective sharing of network resources such as bandwidth and buffer are studied through the dynamic allocation method. Static allocation scheme has been proven inefficient to provide high resources utilization as can be seen in STM networks compared to A TM networks. However, ATM networks should provide different dynamic allocation methods according to its different services and traffic characteristics. Four dynamic allocation strategies have been designed, evaluated and compared for their performances. They are called Static Bandwidth Allocation, Bandwidth Allocated Proportional to Expected Queue Length, Bandwidth Allocated Proportional to Expected Queue Length with Threshold Value and Bandwidth Allocated with Threshold Interrupt. Bandwidth Allocated with Threshold Interrupt is proven to be the most effective strategy as it could response to congestion immediately

Arius verrucosus, a new species of freshwater ariid catfish (Teleostei: Ariidae) from the Mekong River

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/57170/1/OP734.pd

Biosynthesis And Characterization Of Polyhydroxyalkanoates By A Locally Isolated Chromobacterium SP. USM2 [QH1].

Terdapat banyak mikroorganisma semula jadi yang mampu menghasilkan polihidroksialkanoat (PHA). Namun, mikrob yang dapat mensintesis PHA yang mengandungi komposisi monomer 3-hidroksivalerat tinggi adalah amat jarang ditemui. Although various naturally occurring microorganisms are capable of producing polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), microbes with the ability to synthesize PHAs that contain predominantly 3-hydroxyvalerate monomers are rare

A review of the Ompok hypophthalmus group of silurid catfishes with the description of a new species from South-East Asia

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/74919/1/j.1095-8649.2003.00107.x.pd

Epidemic models for U.S. financial subprime mortgage crisis in 2008 influencing on Korean corporations

Department of Management EngineeringA financial crisis can spread like a contagious disease to both domestic sectors including demand market and foreign markets which are linked to one country with various aspects. This work mainly focuses on contagious phenomenon which is observed in Korean corporations enlisted in KOSPI & KOSDAQ index right after U.S financial shock in 2008. To set up the model, we use SIR epidemic model to detect epidemic dynamics in Korean corporations after shock. In addition, EDF model is also applied to analyze the degree of contagion within individual business. Using corporate fundamental data from KRX and FSS, including stock price, total market value, and current liabilities from Jun. 2008 to Jun. 2010, we observe contagious features resulted from U.S. financial crisis - EDFs are rising or show sustained level within infected corporations. We also presume parameters including contact rate and recovery rate to identify epidemic model of U.S. financial crisis which especially affected business sector in Korea. Further research is needed to identify the individual movement of certain sector or individual corporations from a view of agent-based model.ope

The identity of Clarias batrachus (Linnaeus, 1758), with the designation of a neotype (Teleostei: Clariidae)

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/73959/1/j.1096-3642.2008.00391.x.pd

Fishes of the Eastern Johor Strait

© National University of Singapore. We record the presence of 435 fish species from the Eastern Johor Strait based on our fieldwork, a review of the existing literature, and an examination of photographs and museum specimens. Four species are recorded for the first time from the waters of Singapore: Pseudorhombus elevatus (Paralichthyidae), Heteromycteris hartzfeldii (Soleidae), Nuchequula manusella (Leiognathidae) and Johnius carouna (Sciaenidae)

The identity of catfishes identified as Mystus cavasius (Hamilton, 1822) (Teleostei: Bagridae), with a description of a new species from Myanmar

The identity of South Asian riverine bagrid catfishes usually referred to as Mystus cavasius (Hamilton, 1822) is reviewed. Three species comprise what is currently understood as M. cavasius: M. cavasius s. str. from northern India, M. seengtee from southern India and a new species, M. falcarius, from the Salween and Irrawaddy river drainages in Myanmar and the shorter river drainages in southern Myanmar. Mystus seengtee is resurrected from synonymy with M. cavasius and both species are redescribed. The three species differ from other congeners with a long-based adipose fin in having a combination of a black spot in front of the dorsal-spine base, a dark humeral mark, a body without distinct midlateral stripes, very long maxillary barbels reaching to caudal-fin base, dorsal spine short and feebly serrate, tall dorsal fin, and 13-29 gill rakers. These species differ from each other in dorsal fin shape, shape of the predorsal profile, coloration, and number of rakers on the first gill arch. Copyright © 2005 Magnolia Press

A review of the sisorid catfish genus Oreoglanis (Siluriformes: Sisoridae) with descriptions of four new species

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/57168/1/OP732.pd