Unexpected behavioural consequences of preterm newborns' clothing.

International audienceRestrictions of preterm newborns' movements could have consequences ranging from stress enhancement to impairment of their motor development. Therefore, ability to freely express motor activities appears crucial for their behavioural and physiological development. Our aim was to evaluate behavioural issues of two types of clothing used in NICU. We observed 18 healthy 34-37 post-conception week-old preterm newborns, during resting periods, when they were undisturbed by any interventions. Newborns wore either light clothing (bodysuit and a light wrapping) or heavy clothing (pyjamas, cardigan and sleep-sack). The percentages of time each subject spent in different postures were compared between clothing situations. Arm and hand postures differed in relation to clothing: babies bent their arms more and held their hands nearer their heads when in bodysuits than when in sleepwear. Consequently, babies in bodysuits spent more time touching their body or their environment whereas the others generally were touching nothing. Self-touch is an important way to comfort one's self. Heavy clothing may impair self-soothing behaviours of preterm newborn babies that already lack other forms of contact. Results suggest that more attention should be paid to apparently routine and marginal decisions such as choice of clothes

La sorcellerie envers et contre tous

Comme la plupart des catégories analytiques qu’emploie l’anthropologie, celle de sorcellerie est nommée d’un mot fortement marqué par l’histoire occidentale et qui, plus que d’autres, évoque le christianisme et les ténébreuses convulsions d’un temps qui nous fascine encore. En témoignent le succès, par exemple et dans des registres différents, de la Wicca et de Harry Potter, et le constat qu’historiens et anthropologues, souvent frères ennemis, ont sur ce thème engagé de nombreux échanges et ..

GBM heterogeneity as a function of variable epidermal growth factor receptor variant III activity.

Abnormal activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) due to a deletion of exons 2-7 of EGFR (EGFRvIII) is a common alteration in glioblastoma (GBM). While this alteration can drive gliomagenesis, tumors harboring EGFRvIII are heterogeneous. To investigate the role for EGFRvIII activation in tumor phenotype we used a neural progenitor cell-based murine model of GBM driven by EGFR signaling and generated tumor progenitor cells with high and low EGFRvIII activation, pEGFRHi and pEGFRLo. In vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro studies suggested a direct association between EGFRvIII activity and increased tumor cell proliferation, decreased tumor cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix, and altered progenitor cell phenotype. Time-lapse confocal imaging of tumor cells in brain slice cultures demonstrated blood vessel co-option by tumor cells and highlighted differences in invasive pattern. Inhibition of EGFR signaling in pEGFRHi promoted cell differentiation and increased cell-matrix adhesion. Conversely, increased EGFRvIII activation in pEGFRLo reduced cell-matrix adhesion. Our study using a murine model for GBM driven by a single genetic driver, suggests differences in EGFR activation contribute to tumor heterogeneity and aggressiveness

Présentation

L’existence de corpus a transformé notre rapport à la langue. Ils permettent d’appréhender de très nombreuses questions posées en linguistique, qu’elle soit appliquée ou non. Les corpus offrent la possibilité, par exemple, de comparer les utilisations et les distributions de certaines occurrences lexicales ou constructions syntaxiques, de nous interroger sur les catégories grammaticales, sur les processus de changement linguistique, sur les mécanismes des interactions verbales, sur les effets..