Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) infection alters vegetative growth and nitrogen uptake and distribution in grapevine

Root-knot nematodes (RKN, Meloidogyne spp.) manipulate host cell developmental processes to build specialized feeding structure from which the larvae enlist nutrients. Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important components of plant metabolites, and isotopic tracers make it possible for us to study the transportation of the nitrogen metabolites in the whole plant. In order to figure out vegetative and physiological responses caused by RKN infection in vine, pot experiment was performed in this paper. The results showed that RKN infection weakened vine vigor with decreased biomass and increased root-shoot ratio. Whereas, before bursting the galls exhibited a higher metabolic activity, in comparison with control root, the root dehydrogenase activities improved 85 % and 71 % in the galls and adjacent roots respectively. In addition, RKN infection didn’t significantly alter nitrogen content and distribution in various tissues, which might be due to feeding pressure or duration. 15N Root labeling results indicated that RKN infection enhanced Nitrogen derived from fertilizer (Ndff) and nitrogen utilization efficiency of the annual root. It suggested that RKN temporarily turned grape root into nitrogen sinks to meet their demand. Finally, the infected plant retained relatively few storage nutrients in the root and shoot after defoliation

Structural Performance of Smart CFRP-FBG Reinforced Steel Beams

Many beam structures suffer from gradual performance degradation with the increase of service life. To recover the bearing capacity of these beams, carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) plates are developed to attached on the beam bottom. To check the structural performance of the CFRP reinforced beams, smart CFRP plate with FBGs in series is designed and LVDTs are adopted to measure the deformations. The deflection of the reinforced beam is given based on the elastic conversion cross-section method. The experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The study shows that the CFRP reinforced zone has a larger flexural rigidity than the pure steel beam zone. The general distribution of the deflection along the span of the CFRP reinforced beam can be described by the proposed formula. It provides a scientific design guidance for the deflection control of CFRP reinforced structures

Interfacial Interaction of CFRP Reinforced Steel Beam Structures

Due to the increase of service life, the phenomenon of performance degradation of bridge structures becomes more and more common. It is important to strengthen the bridge structures so as to restore the resistance level and extend the normal service life. Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) materials are thus used for the assembly reinforcement of bridges for the advantages of high strength, light weight, corrosion resistance and long-term stability of physical and chemical properties, etc. In view of this, based on the previous theoretical study and the established formula of the interfacial shear stress of CFRP reinforced steel beam and the normal stress of CFRP plate, this paper discusses the sensitive parameters that affect the interfacial interaction of CFRP strengthened beam structures. Through the analysis, the priority design indicators and suggestions are accordingly given for the design of reinforced beam structures. Young’s modulus of CFRP composite and shear modulus of the adhesive have the greatest influence on the interfacial interaction, which should be carefully considered. It is suggested that CFRP material with Ec close to 300 GPa and thickness no less than 3 mm, and adhesive material with Ga less than 5 GPa and 3-mm thickness can be adopted in CFRP reinforced steel beam. The conclusions of this paper can provide guidance for the interfacial damage control of CFRP reinforced steel beam structures

Clinical outcomes of osteonecrosis of the femoral head after autologous bone marrow stem cell implantation: a meta-analysis of seven case-control studies

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of osteonecrosis of the femoral head after autologous bone marrow stem cell implantation. We searched the PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases and included all case-control trials that reported on the clinical outcomes of osteonecrosis progression, incidence of total hip arthroplasty and improvement in Harris hip scores. Overall, seven case-control trials were included. Compared with the controls, patients treated with the bone marrow stem cells implantation treatment showed improved clinical outcomes with delayed osteonecrosis progression (odds ratio = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.09 - 0.32;

An intrinsic link between long-term UV/optical variations and X-ray loudness in quasars

Observations have shown that UV/optical variation amplitude of quasars depend on several physi- cal parameters including luminosity, Eddington ratio, and likely also black hole mass. Identifying new factors which correlate with the variation is essential to probe the underlying physical processes. Combining ~ten years long quasar light curves from SDSS stripe 82 and X-ray data from Stripe 82X, we build a sample of X-ray detected quasars to investigate the relation between UV/optical variation amplitude ($\sigma_{rms}$) and X-ray loudness. We find that quasars with more intense X-ray radiation (com- pared to bolometric luminosity) are more variable in UV/optical. Such correlation remains highly significant after excluding the effect of other parameters including luminosity, black hole mass, Ed- dington ratio, redshift, rest-frame wavelength (i.e., through partial correlation analyses). We further find the intrinsic link between X-ray loudness and UV/optical variation is gradually more prominent on longer timescales (up to 10 years in the observed frame), but tends to disappear at timescales < 100 days. This suggests a slow and long-term underlying physical process. The X-ray reprocessing paradigm, in which UV/optical variation is produced by a variable central X-ray emission illuminating the accretion disk, is thus disfavored. The discovery points to an interesting scheme that both the X-ray corona heating and UV/optical variation is quasars are closely associated with magnetic disc turbulence, and the innermost disc turbulence (where corona heating occurs) correlates with the slow turbulence at larger radii (where UV/optical emission is produced).Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, accepted by Ap

Multiple Signal Classification Based Joint Communication and Sensing System

Joint communication and sensing (JCS) has become a promising technology for mobile networks because of its higher spectrum and energy efficiency. Up to now, the prevalent fast Fourier transform (FFT)-based sensing method for mobile JCS networks is on-grid based, and the grid interval determines the resolution. Because the mobile network usually has limited consecutive OFDM symbols in a downlink (DL) time slot, the sensing accuracy is restricted by the limited resolution, especially for velocity estimation. In this paper, we propose a multiple signal classification (MUSIC)-based JCS system that can achieve higher sensing accuracy for the angle of arrival, range, and velocity estimation, compared with the traditional FFT-based JCS method. We further propose a JCS channel state information (CSI) enhancement method by leveraging the JCS sensing results. Finally, we derive a theoretical lower bound for sensing mean square error (MSE) by using perturbation analysis. Simulation results show that in terms of the sensing MSE performance, the proposed MUSIC-based JCS outperforms the FFT-based one by more than 20 dB. Moreover, the bit error rate (BER) of communication demodulation using the proposed JCS CSI enhancement method is significantly reduced compared with communication using the originally estimated CSI.Comment: 30 pages, 10 figures, major revision to IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communication

The Online Data Quality Monitoring System at BESIII

The online Data Quality Monitoring (DQM) plays an important role in the data taking process of HEP experiments. BESIII DQM samples data from online data flow, reconstructs them with offline reconstruction software, and automatically analyzes the reconstructed data with user-defined algorithms. The DQM software is a scalable distributed system. The monitored results are gathered and displayed in various formats, which provides the shifter with current run information that can be used to find problems early. This paper gives an overview of DQM system at BESIII.Comment: Already submit to Chinese Physics

Experimental verification of bound and multiparticle entanglement with the randomized measurement toolbox

In recent years, analysis methods for quantum states based on randomized measurements have been investigated extensively. Still, in the experimental implementations these methods were typically used for characterizing strongly entangled states and not to analyze the different families of multiparticle or weakly entangled states. In this work, we experimentally prepare various entangled states with path-polarization hyper-entangled photon pairs, and study their entanglement properties using the full toolbox of randomized measurements. First, we successfully characterize the correlations of a series of GHZ-W mixed states using the second moments of the random outcomes, and demonstrate the advantages of this method by comparing it with the well-known three-tangle and squared concurrence. Second, we generate bound entangled chessboard states of two three-dimensional systems and verify their weak entanglement with a criterion derived from moments of randomized measurements.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, Comments are welcom