25 research outputs found
Fluctuations in measured radioactive decay rates inside a modified Faraday cage: Correlations with space weather
[EN] For several years, reports have been published about fluctuations in measured radioactive decay time-series and in some instances linked to astrophysical as well as classical environmental influences. Anomalous behaviors of radioactive decay measurement and measurement of capacitance inside and outside a modified Faraday cage were documented by our group in previous work. In the present report, we present an in-depth analysis of our measurement with regard to possible correlations with space weather, i.e. the geomagnetic activity (GMA) and cosmic-ray activity (CRA). Our analysis revealed that the decay and capacitance time-series are statistically significantly correlated with GMA and CRA when specific conditions are met. The conditions are explained in detail and an outlook is given on how to further investigate this important finding. Our discovery is relevant for all researchers investigating radioactive decay measurements since they point out that the space weather condition during the measurement is relevant for partially explaining the observed variability.This work has been partially financed by: grant no. 20170764 (Equipos de deteccion, regulacion e informacion en el sector de los sistemas inteligentes de transporte (ITS). Nuevos modelos y ensayos de compatibilidad y verificacion de funcionamiento) (Spain), by grant no. RTI2018-102256-B-I00 (Spain), by the Generalitat Valenciana (Spain) under project Bioingenieria de las Radiaciones Ionizantes. Biorad (PROMETEO/2018/035) and the project MEMO RADION (IDIFEDER/2018/038) co-financed by the Programa Operativo del Fondo Social Europeo 2014-2020", and by grant No.075-00845-20-01 (Russia).Milián-Sánchez, V.; Scholkmann, F.; Fernández De CĂłrdoba, P.; MocholĂ Salcedo, A.; MocholĂ-Belenguer, F.; Iglesias-MartĂnez, ME.; Castro-Palacio, JC.... (2020). Fluctuations in measured radioactive decay rates inside a modified Faraday cage: Correlations with space weather. Scientific Reports. 10(1):1-12. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64497-0S112101Milián-Sánchez, V., MocholĂ-Salcedo, A., Milián, C., Kolombet, V. A. & VerdĂş, G. Anomalous effects on radiation detectors and capacitance measurements inside a modified Faraday cage. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 828, 210–228 (2016).G. F. Knoll Radiation Detection and Measurement, 4th Edition. (Wiley, 2010).Jenkins, J. H., Mundy, D. W. & Fischbach, E. Analysis of environmental influences in nuclear half-life measurements exhibiting time-dependent decay rates. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 620, 332–342 (2010).Jenkins, J. H. et al. Additional experimental evidence for a solar influence on nuclear decay rates. Astroparticle Physics 37, 81–88 (2012).Falkenberg, E. D. Radioactive Decay Caused by Neutrinos? Apeiron 8, 32–45 (2001).A. G. Parkhomov Influence of Relic Neutrinos on Beta Radioactivity. arXiv:1010.1591v1 [physics.gen-ph], (2010).P. A. Sturrock, E. Fischbach, A. G. Parkhamov, J. D. Scargle, G. Steinitz, Concerning the variability of beta-decay measurements. arXiv:1510.05996 [nucl-ex], (2015).Baurov, Y. A. et al. Experimental Investigations of Changes in β-Decay if 60Co and 137Cs. Modern Physics Letters A 16, 2089–2101 (2001).Baurov, Y. A. Research of Global Anisotropy of Physical Space on Investigation Base of Changes in β and α-decay Rate of Radioactive Elements. Motion of Pulsars and Anisotropy of Cosmic Rays. American Journal of Modern Physics 2, 177–184 (2013).Baurov, Y. A., Sobolev, Y. G., Ryabov, Y. V. & Kushniruk, V. F. Experimental investigations of changes in the rate of beta decay of radioactive elements. Physics of Atomic Nuclei 70, 1825–1835 (2009).Baurov, Y. A. The anisotropic phenomenon in the β decay of radioactive elements and in other processes in nature. Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics 76, 1076–1080 (2012).Baurov, Y. A., Sobolev, Y. G. & Ryabov, Y. V. New force, global anisotropy and the changes in β-decay rate of radioactive elements. American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2, 8–19 (2014).Pons, D. J., Pons, A. D. & Pons, A. J. Asymmetrical neutrino induced decay of nucleons. Applied Physics Research 7, 1–13 (2015).Pons, D. J., Pons, A. D. & Pons, A. J. Hidden Variable Theory Supports Variability in Decay Rates of Nuclides. Applied Physics Research 7, 18–29 (2015).Kossert, K. & Nähle, O. J. Long-term measurements of 36Cl to investigate potential solar influence on the decay rate. Astroparticle Physics 55, 33–36 (2014).Schrader, H. Seasonal variations of decay rate measurement data and their interpretation. Applied Radiation and Isotopes 114, 202–213 (2016).PommĂ©, S. et al. Evidence against solar influence on nuclear decay constants. Physics Letters B 761, 281–286 (2016).Bergeson, S. D., Peatross, J. & Ware, M. J. Precision long-term measurements of beta-decay-rate ratios in a controlled environment. Physics Letters B 767, 171–176 (2017).McKnight, Q., Bergeson, S. D., Peatross, J. & Ware, M. J. 2.7 years of beta-decay-rate ratio measurements in a controlled environment. Applied Radiation and Isotopes 142, 113–119 (2018).PommĂ©, S. et al. On decay constants and orbital distance to the Sun—part I: alpha decay. Metrologia 54, 1–18 (2017).PommĂ©, S. et al. On decay constants and orbital distance to the Sun—part III: beta plus and electron capture decay. Metrologia 54, 36–50 (2017).PommĂ©, S., Lutter, G., Marouli, M., Kossert, K. & Nähle, O. On the claim of modulations in radon decay and their association with solar rotation. Astroparticle Physics 97, 38–45 (2018).S. PommĂ©, K. Kossert, O. Nähle On the Claim of Modulations in 36Cl Beta Decay and Their Association with Solar Rotation. Solar Physics 292 (2017).PommĂ©, S. et al. Is decay constant? Applied Radiation and Isotopes 134, 6–12 (2018).Bellotti, E., Broggini, C., Di Carlo, G., Laubenstein, M. & Menegazzo, R. Search for time modulations in the decay constant of 40 K and 226 Ra at the underground Gran Sasso Laboratory. Physics Letters B 780, 61–65 (2018).Borrello, J. A., Wuosmaa, A. & Watts, M. Non-dependence of nuclear decay rates of 123 I and 99m Tc on Earth-Sun distance. Applied Radiation and Isotopes 132, 189–194 (2018).Sturrock, P. A., Steinitz, G., Fischbach, E., Parkhomov, A. & Scargle, J. D. Analysis of beta-decay data acquired at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt: Evidence of a solar influence. Astroparticle Physics 84, 8–14 (2016).Stancil, D. D., Balci Yegen, S., Dickey, D. A. & Gould, C. R. Search for possible solar influences in Ra-226 decays. Results in Physics 7, 385–406 (2017).P. A. Sturrock, G. Steinitz & E. Fischbach Analysis of Ten Years of Radon-Chain Decay Measurements: Evidence of Solar Influences and Inferences Concerning Solar Internal Structure and the Role of Neutrinos. arXiv:1705.03010 [astro-ph.SR], (2017).Sturrock, P. A., Steinitz, G. & Fischbach, E. Concerning the variability of nuclear decay rates: Rebuttal of an article by Pomme et al. [1]. Astroparticle Physics 98, 9–12 (2018).PommĂ©, S., Lutter, G., Marouli, M., Kossert, K. & Nähle, O. A reply to the rebuttal by Sturrock et al. Astroparticle Physics 107, 22–25 (2019).S. PommĂ©, Solar influence on radon decay rates: irradiance or neutrinos? The European Physical Journal C. 79 (2019).Barnes, V. E. et al. Upper limits on perturbations of nuclear decay rates induced by reactor electron antineutrinos. Applied Radiation and Isotopes 149, 182–199 (2019).PommĂ©, S., Stroh, H. & Van Ammel, R. The 55Fe half-life measured with a pressurised proportional counter. Applied Radiation and Isotopes 148, 27–34 (2019).Elmaghraby, E. E. Configuration Mixing in Particle Decay and Reaction. Progress in Physics 13, 150–155 (2017).Shnoll, S. E. et al. Realization of discrete states during fluctuations in macroscopic processes. Physics-Uspekhi 41, 1025–1035 (1998).Namiot, V. A. & Shnoll, S. E. On the possible mechanism of periodicity in fine structure of histograms during nuclear decay processes. Physics Letters A 359, 249–251 (2006).Panchelyuga, V. A. & Panchelyuga, M. S. Fractal dimension and histogram method: Algorithm and some preliminary results of noise-like time series analysis. Biophysics 58, 283–289 (2013).Panchelyuga, V. A. & Panchelyuga, M. S. Local fractal analysis of noise-like time series by the all-permutations method for 1–115 min periods. Complex Systems Biophysics 60, 317–330 (2015).T. A. Zenchenko, A. A. Konradov, K. I. Zenchenko In Biophotonics and Coherent Systems in Biology. chap. Chapter 18, pp. 225–233 (2005).Jenkins, J. H. & Fischbach, E. Perturbation of nuclear decay rates during the solar flare of 2006 December 13. Astroparticle Physics 31, 407–411 (2009).F. Scholkmann et al., Anomalous effects of radioactive decay rates and capacitance values measured inside a modified Faraday cage: Correlations with space weather. EPL (Europhysics Letters) 117 (2017).M. E. Iglesias-MartĂnez et al. Correlations between Background Radiation Inside a Multilayer Interleaving Structure, Geomagnetic Activity, and Cosmic Radiation: A Fourth-Order Cumulant-Based Correlation Analysis. Mathematics 8 (2020).Karinen, A. & Mursula, K. A new reconstruction of the Dst index for 1932-2002. Annales Geophysicae 23, 475–485 (2005).A. Karinen, K. Mursula Correcting the Dst index: Consequences for absolute level and correlations. Journal of Geophysical Research 111 (2006).Nakamura, T., Uwamino, Y., Ohkubo, T. & Hara, A. Altitude Variation of Cosmic-ray Neutrons. Health Physics 53, 509–517 (1987).Hendrick, L. D. & Edge, R. D. Cosmic-Ray Neutrons near the Earth. Physical Review 145, 1023–1025 (1966).Yamashita, M., Stephens, L. D. & Patterson, H. W. Cosmic-ray-produced neutrons at ground level: Neutron production rate and flux distribution. Journal of Geophysical Research 71, 3817–3834 (1966).Mohsinally, T. et al. Evidence for correlations between fluctuations in 54Mn decay rates and solar storms. Astroparticle Physics 75, 29–37 (2016).Snyder, C. W., Neugebauer, M. & Rao, U. R. The solar wind velocity and its correlation with cosmic-ray variations and with solar and geomagnetic activity. Journal of Geophysical Research 68, 6361–6370 (1963).Kharayat, H., Prasad, L., Mathpal, R., Garia, S. & Bhatt, B. Study of Cosmic Ray Intensity in Relation to the Interplanetary Magnetic Field and Geomagnetic Storms for Solar Cycle 23. Solar Physics 291, 603–611 (2016).M. Tsichla, M. Gerontidou, H. Mavromichalaki, Spectral Analysis of Solar and Geomagnetic Parameters in Relation to Cosmic-ray Intensity for the Time Period 1965 – 2018. Solar Physics 294 (2019).Singh, Y. P. Badruddin, Short- and mid-term oscillations of solar, geomagnetic activity and cosmic-ray intensity during the last two solar magnetic cycles. Planetary and Space Science 138, 1–6 (2017).B. Adhikari, N. Sapkota, P. Baruwal, N. P. Chapagain & C. R. Braga Impacts on Cosmic-Ray Intensity Observed During Geomagnetic Disturbances. Solar Physics 292 (2017).Grigoryev, V. G., Starodubtsev, S. A. & Gololobov, P. Y. Monitoring geomagnetic disturbance predictors using data of ground measurements of cosmic rays. Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics 81, 200–202 (2017).W. Reich Selected Writings: An Introduction to Orgonomy. (Farrar, Straus and Cudahy, 1960).Fischbach, E. et al. Time-Dependent Nuclear Decay Parameters: New Evidence for New Forces? Space Science Reviews 145, 285–335 (2009).Javorsek, D. et al. Power spectrum analyses of nuclear decay rates. Astroparticle Physics 34, 173–178 (2010).Bellotti, E., Broggini, C., Di Carlo, G., Laubenstein, M. & Menegazzo, R. Search for time dependence of the 137Cs decay constant. Physics Letters B 710, 114–117 (2012)
Tensor based multichannel reconstruction for breast tumours identification from DCE-MRIs
A new methodology based on tensor algebra that uses a higher order singular value decomposition
to perform three-dimensional voxel reconstruction from a series of temporal images
obtained using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is proposed.
Principal component analysis (PCA) is used to robustly extract the spatial and temporal
image features and simultaneously de-noise the datasets. Tumour segmentation on
enhanced scaled (ES) images performed using a fuzzy C-means (FCM) cluster algorithm is
compared with that achieved using the proposed tensorial framework. The proposed algorithm
explores the correlations between spatial and temporal features in the tumours. The
multi-channel reconstruction enables improved breast tumour identification through
enhanced de-noising and improved intensity consistency. The reconstructed tumours have
clear and continuous boundaries; furthermore the reconstruction shows better voxel clustering
in tumour regions of interest. A more homogenous intensity distribution is also observed,
enabling improved image contrast between tumours and background, especially in places
where fatty tissue is imaged. The fidelity of reconstruction is further evaluated on the basis
of five new qualitative metrics. Results confirm the superiority of the tensorial approach. The
proposed reconstruction metrics should also find future applications in the assessment of
other reconstruction algorithms
Response to Heterologous Leishmanins in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Nigeria: Discovery of a New Focus
To love and play: Testing the association of adult playfulness with the relationship personality and relationship satisfaction
It is hypothesized that playfulness in adults is positively associated with relationship satisfaction and that specific types of attachment and love are related with this trait. Findings, based on two samples of adults that are currently in a relationship (N = 161 and 598), show that playfulness is positively associated with relationship satisfaction—albeit low in effect size. Playfulness shares about 17 % overlapping variance with different types of love and attachment; particularly, Seduction, low Market Orientation, Attachment, and Love were predictive for playfulness. While gender differences only played a minor role it was shown that playfulness mediates about 5.7 % of the gender differences in the inclination to Sexuality. Overall, findings are in the expected direction. The discussion highlights the importance of considering multidimensional measures for playfulness and satisfaction and gives future research directions
REVIEW OF PARTICLE PROPERTIES. PARTICLE DATA GROUP
This review of the properties of leptons, mesons, and baryons is an updating of the Review of Particle Properties, Particle Data Group Phys. Lett. 111B, (1982). Data are evaluated, listed, averaged, and summarized in tables. Numerous tables, figures, and formulae of interest to particle physicists are also included. A data booklet is available