DIVERSITAS BURUNG AIR Ardeidae DI DELTA SOLO UJUNG PANKAH GRESIK

penelitian tentang burung air Ardeidae telah dilakukan di delta solo ujung pangkah gresik. dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui spesies burung air Ardeidae apa saja

The Role of Stem Cell Metabolites Derived From Placenta for Skin Regeneration An In Vitro Study

Background: The role of stem cells in skin aging is to repair injured tissue or replace other cells in programmed cell death. Stem cell metabolites are rich in growth factors including IL-10, IL-4, EGF, GM-CSF, and TGF-β that can induce the skin production of protein and elastic fbers, leading to the improvement of skin appearance. Aim: This study aimed to assess the characteristics of stem cell metabolites in vitro. Methods: Cytotoxicity assay was performed using MTT reagents and optical cell densities were determined using ELISA reader to fnd the percentage of living cells. Cytokine detection assay was performed by analyzing the cytokine levels in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) using ELISA. Apoptosis assay was performed using the double staining method with the markers identifed were Hsp70, p53, and caspase-3. Results: All samples showed the percentage of living cells that exceed 70%. Cytokine detection assay showed a decrease of IL- 12 and IFN-γ in both PBMC and MSC groups. The apoptosis assay of human adipose mesenchymal stem cells using a fluorescence microscope showed most of the green light was lost in control cells without metabolites. We found that the expressions of Hsp70 were increased while the expression of p53 and caspase-3 were decreased in the stem cell metabolites samples. Conclusion: These results showed that stem cell metabolites are non-toxic, do not cause a systemic immune response to surrounding tissue, and able to inhibit the occurrence of apoptosis

Introducing b Cell Epitopes of Newcastle Disease Virus Obtained from Domestic Pigeons (Columbia livia domestica) a sun-unit Vaccine Candidate to Cradicate Newcastle Disease Virus in Poultry

Poultry farm is important commodity in Indonesia. It provides protein source as Indonesian consume varies kind of its product such as meats (chicken, duck and quail) and eggs. In Indonesia, rearing activities were differentiated into three types such as extensive traditional system, semi-intensive system, and intensive system. All these systems have same problem relate to outbreak of viral disease. One of viral disease causes annual outbreak is Newcastle Disease. It is caused by infection of Avian Paramyxovirus serotype 1. It infects varies avian species such as pigeons, ostrich, water fowl, chicken, and cockatoo. Control such as vaccination has been conducted but it could not protect the poultry from Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) infection. It is noted that the protectivity of seed vaccine is influenced by the epitopes generates various protectivity level of the vaccination program. Sub-unit vaccine could become the best choice to protect NDV infection. Molecular analyses were conducted to obtain B cell epitopes which could induce immune system safely. Sample of pigeons (Columba livia) were collected from live bird market in Surabaya. The collected sample showed clinical signs such as respiratory disturbance, limping, loss of appetite and subclinical enteric disturbance/diarrhea. Two out of four samples were serologically confirmed to be infected with NDV (Pigeon/Surabaya/2019/01 and Pigeon/Surabaya/2019/03). Molecular approach was conducted to obtain the nucleotide sequence of the samples. The sequence was employed to epitope analyses by using Kolaskar-Tongaonkar antigenicity and Emini surface accessibility softwares. Obtained epitopes were analyzed using Vaxijen, Allertop, and ToxinPred to confirm that the epitopes are safely to be applied. Peptides were obtained from NDV infecting pigeons were noted has possibility to become seed vaccine candidate. Several peptides were obtained from Pigeon/Surabaya/2019/01 and Pigeon/Surabaya/2019/03; SWVYIHLLSTF, CTNVCLSEIQLLHSFA, VRPCMVIVRL, NLTGRKRRTVG and SDREYSQAIAR passed the in-silico screenings. These epitopes are possibly to be used as sub-unit vaccine to eradicate Newcastle Disease Virus. KEYWORDS: Subunit vaccine, NDV, Pigeon, Peptide

Pre-Clinical Trial Stem Cell Metabolites Derived From Placenta For Wound Healing

Previous research focuses on in vitro study of stem cell metabolites derived from placenta for wound healing. This study, however, is an advanced stage which focuses on testing the efficiency and efficacy of stem cell metabolites in rats (Rattus novergicus). The tests carried out examined the blood levels with ELISA instruments and integument histology by observing the activity of polymorph nuclear and monocyte cells in the control and treatment groups. In the control group, the rats were injured in the anterior and posterior back skin with a 1×1 cm incision wound, (only antibiotics), while the treatment group uses antibiotics and 4 mL injections of stem cell metabolites. Each group was repeated three times with the samples observed for blood levels using ELISA Interleukin-4, Interleukin-10 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, with integument histology at pre-injection, in days 1, 3 and 6. These were used to compare the development of inflammatory cells, polymorphonuclear and monocytes between the control and treatment groups. Stem cell metabolites are significantly effective and efficient with the ability to inhibit the inflammatory process in tissues in terms of examining the blood levels of rats using ELISA Interleukin-4, Interleukin-10 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α. Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-10 (anti-inflammatory) tend to significantly increase the treatment group, while Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (pro inflammation) increases the control group. Histology results showed a decrease in the activity of polymorphonuclear and monocytes inflammatory cells in the treatment group compared to the control, which indicated that the stem cell metabolites were able to significantly inhibit the inflammatory process. It is concluded that stem cell metabolites derived from placenta are effective and efficient for wound healing in rats. Clinical study is needed for further research for it to be used on humans

Pre-Clinical Trial Stem Cell Metabolites Derived from Placenta for Wound Healing

Previous research focuses on in vitro study of stem cell metabolites derived from placenta for wound healing. This study, however, is an advanced stage which focuses on testing the efficiency and efficacy of stem cell metabolites in rats (Rattus novergicus). The tests carried out examined the blood levels with ELISA instruments and integument histology by observing the activity of polymorph nuclear and monocyte cells in the control and treatment groups. In the control group, the rats were injured in the anterior and posterior back skin with a 1×1 cm incision wound, (only antibiotics), while the treatment group uses antibiotics and 4 mL injections of stem cell metabolites. Each group was repeated three times with the samples observed for blood levels using ELISAInterleukin-4, Interleukin-10 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, with integument histology at pre-injection, in days 1, 3 and 6. These were used to compare the development of inflammatory cells, polymorphonuclear and monocytes between the control and treatment groups. Stem cell metabolites are significantly effective and efficient with the ability to inhibit the inflammatory process in tissues in terms of examining the blood levels of rats using ELISA Interleukin-4, Interleukin-10 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α. Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-10 (anti-inflammatory) tend to significantly increase the treatment group, while Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (pro-inflammation) increases the control group. Histology results showed a decrease in the activity of polymorphonuclear and monocytes inflammatory cells in the treatment group compared to the control, which indicated that the stem cell metabolites were able to significantly inhibit the inflammatory process. It is concluded that stem cell metabolites derived from placenta are effective and efficient for wound healing in rats. Clinical study is needed for further research for it to be used on humans

In vitro bone sialoprotein-I expression in combined gingival stromal cells and platelet rich fibrin during osteogenic differentiation

Purpose: To analyze the expression of bone sialoprotein - I (BSP - I) after the addition of platelet rich fibrin (PRF) in gingival somatic cell (GSC) culture medium during osteogenic differentiation in vitro. Methods: GSCs were extracted from healthy, 1-month-old, male Wistar rats (Rattus Novergicus), weighing 250 - 300 g, and which had been randomly selected (n=4). These cells were cultured for 14 days and passaged every 4 days. Five subcultures of GSCs were cultured in three plates (M24) (N = 54; n = 6) for 7, 14 and 21 days in three preconditioned culture media (group I: plain culture media; group II: preconditioned osteogenic culture media, and group III: preconditioned osteogenic culture media with platelet rich fibrin). The expression of BSP-I was immunocytochemically (ICC) examined with monoclonal antibodies. Homogeneity and normality tests (p > 0.05) were then performed followed by an analysis of variance (ANOVA, p < 0.05). Results: The highest expression of BSP-I was found in group III (Day 21, 13.00 ± 2.000), while the lowest expression of BSP-I was found in group I (Day 7, 7.33 ± 1.155). There were significant differences between the groups (p = 0.000, p < 0.05). Conclusion: PRF stimulates and significantly enhances the expression of BSP-I in GSC culture during osteogenic differentiation. Thus, PRF can be used to accelerate regeneration of alveolar bone defects

Osteogenic potential of gingival stromal progenitor cells cultured in platelet rich fibrin is predicted by core-binding factor subunit-α1/Sox9 expression ratio (in vitro) [version 1; referees: 1 approved, 2 approved with reservations]

Background: Alveolar bone defect regeneration has long been problematic in the field of dentistry. Gingival stromal progenitor cells (GSPCs) offer a promising solution for alveolar bone regeneration. In order to optimally differentiate and proliferate progenitor cells, growth factors (GFs) are required. Platelet rich fibrin (PRF) has many GFs and can be easily manufactured. Core-binding factor subunit-α1 (CBF-α1) constitutes a well-known osteogenic differentiation transcription factor in SPCs. Sox9, as a chondrogenic transcription factor, interacts and inhibits CBF-α1, but its precise role in direct in vitro osteogenesis remains unknown. GSPCs cultured in vitro in PRF to optimally stimulate osteogenic differentiation has been largely overlooked. The aim of this study was to analyze GSPCs cultured in PRF osteogenic differentiation predicted by CBF-α1/Sox9. Methods: This study used a true experimental with post-test only control group design and random sampling. GPSCs isolated from the lower gingiva of four healthy, 250-gram, 1-month old, male Wistar rats (Rattus Novergicus) were cultured for two weeks, passaged every 4-5 days. GSPCs in passage 3-5 were cultured in five M24 plates (N=108; n=6/group) for Day 7, Day 14, and Day 21 in three different mediums (control negative group: αModified Eagle Medium; control positive group: High Glucose-Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM-HG) + osteogenic medium; Treatment group: DMEM-HG + osteogenic medium + PRF). CBF-α1 and Sox9 were examined with ICC monoclonal antibody. A one-way ANOVA continued with Tukey HSD test (p0.05) was performed. Results: The treatment group showed the highest CBF-α1/Sox9 ratio (16.00±3.000/14.33±2.517) on Day 7, while the lowest CBF-α1/Sox9 ratio (3.33±1.528/3.67±1.155) occurred in the control negative group on Day 21, with significant difference between the groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: GSPCs cultured in PRF had potential osteogenic differentiation ability predicted by the CBF-α1/sox9 ratio

The potency of hematopoietic stem cells (hscs) and natural killer (nk) cells as a therapeutic of sars-cov-2 Indonesia isolates infection by viral inactivation (in vitro Study)

Background: The prevalence of COVID-19 cases in Indonesia as of June 9, 2020, has been confirmed 32.076 positive cases, with 1.923 death cases. The total number of deaths reached 92,941 cases. There has been a recent update on stem cell-based biological, medical therapy as an optional treatment to handling COVID-19 due to its potential viability besides using the prevalent conventional chemical drug therapy. Methods: In this study, in vitro research was conducted to determine the potential of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and natural killer cells (NK cells) against SARS-CoV-2 viruses, which virus isolates were collected in Indonesia. The SARS-CoV-2 virus was planted in rat kidney cells and Vero cells. The cells that had been planted with the virus were given HSCs and NK cells, followed by being evaluated at intervals of 24, 48, and 72 hours. The evaluation was done by collecting cells and supernatant from the cell plate and then determining the viral load using a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) machine. Results: The results showed that the addition of HSCs and NK on cells that had been infected by SARS-CoV-2 resulted in a decrease in viral load within 24 to 72 hours in all variations of Multiples of Infection (MoI) values. Conclusions: The administration of HSCs and NK cells has the potential to eliminate the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Although this study is only an in vitro study, it could be the basis for the development of alternative stem cell-based therapies to tackle COVID-19 cases

A Potential Differentiation of Adipose and Hair Follicle-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Generate Neurons Induced with EGF, FGF, PDGF and Forskolin.

Human Adipose Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (HADMSCs) and Human Hair Follicle Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (HHFDMSCs) have attracted great interest because of their multilineage differentiation potential, selfrenewal properties, and their possible use of cell and gene therapies. This present study to investigate the neurogenic differentiation ability of hADMSCs and hHFDMSCs induced by Epidermal Growth Factors (EGF), Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF), Platelet Derived Growth Factor (PDGF) and Forskolin. This study was true experimental with longitudinal study design. The sample size determined with minimal sample size formula and it was randomly chosen. These studies employed an in vitro design for the expansion and proliferation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) and examined the heterogeneity of these cells using the markers CD105, CD90, OCT4, and SOX2. MSCs from adipose tissue and hair follicles were induced with EGF, FGF, PDGF and Forskolin to differentiate and generate neurons. The capacity of MSCs to generate neurons were verified using glial fibrillary acidic protein, nestin, and β-tubulin III . The expression of neural markers and morphological changes in Mesenchymal stem cells from hADMSCs and hHFDMSCs were confirmed. hADMSCs and hHFDMSCs share a similar capacity to differentiate and generate neurons, which is beneficial for the development of neuronal restoration for future therapies for patients suffering from neurological diseases

Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Wistar Rat’s Gingiva (Rattus Novergicus) – Isolation and Characterization (In Vitro Study)

Gingiva is emerging as a source of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cell has been isolated and characterized from the gingival connective tissue of wistar rat (Rattus Novergicus). Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cell sources are rich, attainable and easy to isolate through minimal invasive procedure. Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells are ideal to accelerate bone regeneration. The aim of this study was to analyze Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Wistar Rats’ gingiva (Rattus Novergicus) isolation and characterization by CD34, CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105 expression. This study was descriptive observational with simple random sampling method. Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells were isolated from healthy, 200 gram, 1 month year old, male rat’s (Rattus Novergicus) lower gingival tissue through gingivectomy procedure (n=4). Gingiva were minced into small fragments then cultured in 2 weeks. The culture was passaged every 3-5 days after cultured and plated. The isolated Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells in passage 5 were characterized by CD34, CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105 using Immunocytochemistry and flowcytometry examination. Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells strongly expressed CD44+, CD73+, CD90+, CD105+ but did not express CD45- and CD34-. Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells’ morphology was fibroblast-like, spindle-shaped, colony-forming abilities, and stick to the culture plate. Gingiva is potential Stem Cell source. Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells has multipotency ability with proliferation and mesenchymal stem cells characteristic advantageous for tissue engineering and regenerative therapy