13,784 research outputs found
Observing trajectories with weak measurements in quantum systems in the semiclassical regime
We propose a scheme allowing to observe the evolution of a quantum system in
the semiclassical regime along the paths generated by the propagator. The
scheme relies on performing consecutive weak measurements of the position. We
show how weak trajectories" can be extracted from the pointers of a series of
measurement devices having weakly interacted with the system. The properties of
these "weak trajectories" are investigated and illustrated in the case of a
time-dependent model system.Comment: v2: Several minor corrections were made. Added Appendix (that will
appear as Suppl. Material). To be published in Phys Rev Let
Localization of Eigenfunctions in the Stadium Billiard
We present a systematic survey of scarring and symmetry effects in the
stadium billiard. The localization of individual eigenfunctions in Husimi phase
space is studied first, and it is demonstrated that on average there is more
localization than can be accounted for on the basis of random-matrix theory,
even after removal of bouncing-ball states and visible scars. A major point of
the paper is that symmetry considerations, including parity and time-reversal
symmetries, enter to influence the total amount of localization. The properties
of the local density of states spectrum are also investigated, as a function of
phase space location. Aside from the bouncing-ball region of phase space,
excess localization of the spectrum is found on short periodic orbits and along
certain symmetry-related lines; the origin of all these sources of localization
is discussed quantitatively and comparison is made with analytical predictions.
Scarring is observed to be present in all the energy ranges considered. In
light of these results the excess localization in individual eigenstates is
interpreted as being primarily due to symmetry effects; another source of
excess localization, scarring by multiple unstable periodic orbits, is smaller
by a factor of .Comment: 31 pages, including 10 figure
Black brane entropy and hydrodynamics: the boost-invariant case
The framework of slowly evolving horizons is generalized to the case of black
branes in asymptotically anti-de Sitter spaces in arbitrary dimensions. The
results are used to analyze the behavior of both event and apparent horizons in
the gravity dual to boost-invariant flow. These considerations are motivated by
the fact that at second order in the gradient expansion the hydrodynamic
entropy current in the dual Yang-Mills theory appears to contain an ambiguity.
This ambiguity, in the case of boost-invariant flow, is linked with a similar
freedom on the gravity side. This leads to a phenomenological definition of the
entropy of black branes. Some insights on fluid/gravity duality and the
definition of entropy in a time-dependent setting are elucidated.Comment: RevTeX, 42 pages, 4 figure
Visual tracking of a GPS target within a FieldLab
The monitoring and videoing of a user’s movement within a “FieldLab” recreational facility is required to study the
effectiveness of innovative equipment designed to increase physical activity. A low cost alternative to current tracking systems based around the Global positioning system (GPS) was trialed for use within the Sheffield FieldLab. This low cost tracking system is based around a typical AndroidTM smartphone, which was used as a wearable tracking sensor. The system was combined with a bespoke video surveillance system, which takes positional data
and outputs appropriate camera parameters. In pilot work, participants’ GPS positional data was converted in real time to a pan tilt and zoom value. This allowed the targeted participant to be viewed in the centre of the video stream. Positional data was updated every second, allowing the camera to move and track the participant by keeping them at the centre of the video frame as
they moved around the site. The effectiveness of the system was gauged and limitations noted. It was found that the Sony
Xperia-S gave the most accurate GPS positional data, out of the three smartphones tested in this study. Other potential uses as well as enhancements to the system have also been commented on
The use of multispectral sensing techniques to detect ponderosa pine trees under stress from insect or pathogenic organisms
Application of multispectral sensors to detect insect and disease infestation of ponderosa pine tree
Assessment of the importance and utilization of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) as leafy vegetable in small-scale farm households in Tanzania - East Africa
Husimi Maps in Lattices
We build upon previous work that used coherent states as a measurement of the
local phase space and extended the flux operator by adapting the Husimi
projection to produce a vector field called the Husimi map. In this article, we
extend its definition from continuous systems to lattices. This requires making
several adjustments to incorporate effects such as group velocity and multiple
bands. Several phenomena which uniquely occur in lattice systems, like
group-velocity warping and internal Bragg diffraction, are explained and
demonstrated using Husimi maps. We also show that scattering points between
bands and valleys can be identified in the divergence of the Husimi map
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