kk-block parallel addition versus 11-block parallel addition in non-standard numeration systems

Parallel addition in integer base is used for speeding up multiplication and division algorithms. $k$-block parallel addition has been introduced by Kornerup in 1999: instead of manipulating single digits, one works with blocks of fixed length $k$. The aim of this paper is to investigate how such notion influences the relationship between the base and the cardinality of the alphabet allowing parallel addition. In this paper, we mainly focus on a certain class of real bases --- the so-called Parry numbers. We give lower bounds on the cardinality of alphabets of non-negative integer digits allowing block parallel addition. By considering quadratic Pisot bases, we are able to show that these bounds cannot be improved in general and we give explicit parallel algorithms for addition in these cases. We also consider the $d$-bonacci base, which satisfies the equation $X^d = X^{d-1} + X^{d-2} + \cdots + X + 1$. If in a base being a $d$-bonacci number $1$-block parallel addition is possible on the alphabet $\mathcal{A}$, then $\#\mathcal{A} \geq d+1$; on the other hand, there exists a $k\in\mathbb{N}$ such that $k$-block parallel addition in this base is possible on the alphabet $\{0,1,2\}$, which cannot be reduced. In particular, addition in the Tribonacci base is $14$-block parallel on alphabet $\{0,1,2\}$.Comment: 21 page

Gaussian resolutions for equilibrium density matrices

A Gaussian resolution method for the computation of equilibrium density matrices rho(T) for a general multidimensional quantum problem is presented. The variational principle applied to the ``imaginary time'' Schroedinger equation provides the equations of motion for Gaussians in a resolution of rho(T) described by their width matrix, center and scale factor, all treated as dynamical variables. The method is computationally very inexpensive, has favorable scaling with the system size and is surprisingly accurate in a wide temperature range, even for cases involving quantum tunneling. Incorporation of symmetry constraints, such as reflection or particle statistics, is also discussed.Comment: 4 page

The Relationship Of Body Composition And Functional Parameters In Recreational Triathletes

Cílem studie bylo zhodnotit parametry tělesného složení a jejich vztah k funkčním parametrům u rekreačních triatlonistů. Soubor tvořilo celkem 16 mužů ve věkovém rozmezí 29–47 let (průměrný věk 34,7 ± 5,4 let, výška 181,2 ± 4,7 cm, hmotnost 79,3 ± 5,6 kg, BMI 24,4 ± 2,0 kg.m-2, tělesný tuk 15,5 ± 3,6 %, FFM 67,0 ± 3,9 kg, VO2 max 57,4 ± 7,1 ml.kg-1.min-1, Vmax 15,4 ± 1,3 km.h-1, SFmax 184,1 ± 7,4 min-1). Šetření se zaměřilo na analýzu tělesného složení (BIA In Body 3.0) a aerobní zdatnost (VO2 max, Vmax, SF max). Nalezli jsme významný vztah VO2 max a procenta tělesného tuku (r = - 0,78, p < 0,05), Vmax a procenta tělesného tuku (r = - 0,534, p < 0,05).The aim of this study was to evaluate the body composition parameters and their relationship to functional parameters in recreational triathletes. The group consisted of 16 men ranging in age from 29 – 47 years (mean age - 34,7 ± 5,4 years, height - 181,2 ± 4,7 cm, weight – 79,3 ± 5,6 kg, BMI – 24,4 ± 2,0 kg.m-2, body fat - 15,5 ± 3,6 %, FFM – 67,0 ± 3,9 kg, VO2 max - 57,4 ± 7,1 ml.kg-1.min-1, Vmax - 15,4 ± 1,3 km.h-1, HRmax - 184,1 ± 7,4 min-1). The investigation was focused on the analysis of body body composition (BIA, In Body 3.0) and aerobic capacity (VO2 max, Vmax, SF max). We found a significant relationship between VO2 max and percent of body fat (r = - 0,78, p < 0,05), Vmax and percent of body fat (r = - 0,534, p < 0,05)

Determinations Of Functional Characteristics Of Soccer Players

Cílem předložené studie je shrnout detailní a sofistikované přístupy v hodnocení pohybových nároků a indikátorů na funkční charakteristiky hráčů fotbalu. Klíčové body řešené v přehledové studii jsou model pohybové struktury hráče v utkání a fyziologické parametry, které mohou ovlivňovat výkon hráče v utkání. Fyziologické parametry a model pohybové struktury ve fotbale jsou řešeny v řadě studií a neustále se zdůrazňuje potřeba sofistikovaného vědeckého přístupu na výkon hráče v utkání. V přehledové studii vycházíme z výsledků a závěrů studií publikovaných v zahraničních vědeckých časopisech či příspěvků prezentovaných na významných vědeckých konferencích. Hráčské posty jsou charakterizovány odlišnými nároky v modelu pohybové struktury či bioenergetického výdeje a při plánování tréninkového procesu by se měly tyto aspekty respektovat. Hráči během utkání musí v krátkém časovém intervalu reagovat na změny směru či zvládnout fotbalovou lokomoci v příslušné intenzitě. Během utkání se z hlediska intenzity zatížení překrývají aerobní a anaerobní metabolismus. Hráč musí v utkání provádět opakovaně činnosti ve vysoké intenzitě s rychlou obnovou energetických zdrojů a maximálním oddálením nastupující únavy. Rozdíl mezi hráči elitní a nižší úrovně je v objemu vykonávaných pohybových činností ve vysokých intenzitách. Vlivem únavy ke konci utkání u hráčů dochází ke snížení úrovně jemné koordinace a provedení technických dovedností. Na základě přehledových studií byly zjištěny různé pohledy a determinanty na funkční připravenost hráče. Dominantní úlohu sehrávají následující kritéria: hráčská úroveň (profesionál, amatér apod.), soutěž (mezinárodní, národní apod.), hráčský post, úkoly hráče, fáze utkání a rozestavení hráčů.The aim of this contribution is to summarise the state of the functional characteristics of soccer players. The key points addressed in the study are motion model structures of a player in the game and physiological parameters that can affect a players’ performance in the match. Physiological parameters and model physical structures in football are addressed in a number of studies and constantly stress the need for sophisticated scientific approach to the players’ performance in the game. In the survey study, we proceed from the results and conclusions of studies published in foreign scientific journals or presented at important posts of scientific conferences. Player positions are characterised by distinct physical demands in the model motion structure and bioenergetic expenditure and planning training process should respect the following aspects. Players must match within a short period of time to react to changes in direction or manage football in the intensity of locomotion. During the match aerobic and anaerobic overlap metabolism in terms of intensity loads. The player must repeatedly perform in a match of high intensity with rapid recovery of energy resources and delaying the maximum fatigue emerging. The difference between elite and lower level players is the amount of physical activities performed at high intensities. Due to fatigue at the end of the game players appear to have diminished coordination and implementation of technical skills. Based on surveillance studies different views and determinants of the functional readiness of the player were identified. The dominant role is played by the following criteria: player´s level (professional, amateur, etc.), competition (international, national, etc.), post player, tasks player´s stage game and game system

40S hnRNP particles are a novel class of nuclear biomolecular condensates.

Heterogenous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) are abundant proteins implicated in various steps of RNA processing that assemble on nuclear RNA into larger complexes termed 40S hnRNP particles. Despite their initial discovery 55 years ago, our understanding of these intriguing macromolecular assemblies remains limited. Here, we report the biochemical purification of native 40S hnRNP particles and the determination of their complete protein composition by label-free quantitative mass spectrometry, identifying A-group and C-group hnRNPs as the major protein constituents. Isolated 40S hnRNP particles dissociate upon RNA digestion and can be reconstituted in vitro on defined RNAs in the presence of the individual protein components, demonstrating a scaffolding role for RNA in nucleating particle formation. Finally, we revealed their nanometer scale, condensate-like nature, promoted by intrinsically disordered regions of A-group hnRNPs. Collectively, we identify nuclear 40S hnRNP particles as novel dynamic biomolecular condensates

Impact of age, age at diagnosis and duration of diabetes on the risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications and death in type 2 diabetes

Abstract Aims/hypothesis Data are inconsistent regarding the associations between age, age at diagnosis of diabetes, diabetes duration and subsequent vascular complications

Videos using different message strategies to promote the interruption of sedentary behavior in university students during online lectures – A pilot study

BackgroundSedentary behavior (SB) is highly prevalent among university students and has increased during COVID-19 pandemic. As SB is associated with negative health outcomes, appropriate prevention measures in the university setting are needed.ObjectiveThis pilot study aimed at investigating the effects of videos using different message strategies to interrupt SB in the collective of university students during online lectures.MethodsDuring online lectures, university students (N = 96) were shown one of three videos on the interruption of SB. The videos differed in their message strategies with regard to evidence type (statistical vs. narrative) and vividness (static vs. animated images). Demographics, health variables (SB intentions, SB attitudes) and selected media reception variables (identification, homophily, counterarguing) were examined as possible influence factors on the interruption of SB evoked by watching the video.ResultsApproximately half of the students interrupted sedentary behavior during watching the videos and students of the older age group (cut-off: median = 22 years) interrupted SB significantly more often (p = 0.046). The interruption of SB was predicted by SB intentions (p &lt; 0.05). Identification with characters significantly predicted the intentions to reduce SB (p &lt; 0.001), with a large effect of the overall regression model (R2corr = 0.47).ConclusionConsidering the increased digitalization in general and restrictions due to COVID-19 pandemic, videos seem to be a useful tool to interrupt SB among university students during online lectures. Narrative formats could facilitate the intention to reduce SB, which in turn could have a positive impact on the interruption of SB. However, further research on effective communication and message strategies is needed