Stress, anxiété et processus d’ajustement face à un examen de statistique à venir

Le stress perçu et l’anxiété-état face à un examen de statistique à venir, y compris son processus d’ajustement (processus de coping), sont analysés chez des étudiants de première et deuxième années de psychologie. Les analyses effectuées mettent en évidence des différences entre ces deux groupes, relatives aux niveaux de stress perçu face à l’examen de statistique à venir, ainsi que d’anxiété-état. En revanche, il n’apparaît pas de différence relative au stress dans la vie en général et à l’anxiété-trait. Néanmoins, les deux groupes apparaissent différer au niveau de certaines dimensions personnelles, situationnelles et biographiques. Dans le domaine des variables personnelles, ces différences concernent la perception de l’enjeu de la situation (la « première évaluation » selon la terminologie de Lazarus et Folkman), et, en particulier, le « dommage » possible du point de vue académique et le « défi » qu’elle constitue aux yeux de l’étudiant. Des différences apparaissent aussi relatives à certaines stratégies de coping (« sens de l’humour » ou « recours auprès d’un professionnel »). Les différences « situationnelles » concernent la participation aux exercices de statistiques et le temps consacré à leur étude. Les différences d’ordre biographique renvoient au nombre d’heures de mathématiques suivies dans les études secondaires. Néanmoins, les processus explicatifs du stress perçu et de l’anxiété-état apparaissent relativement similaires entre les deux groupes d’étudiants : pour l’essentiel, ces processus renvoient à la perception de l’enjeu de la situation (à la « première évaluation »).Perceived stress and state of anxiety, including the coping mechanisms when faced with an upcoming statistics examination were analyzed among first-and second-year psychology students. The results highlighted significant differences between these two groups relating to perceived stress levels when faced with an upcoming statistics examination, in addition to anxiety levels in general. On the other hand, it appears that there is no difference in day-to-day stress and the trait anxiety. Nevertheless the two groups seem to differ relating to certain personal, situational and biographical dimensions. In the field of the personal variables, these differences concern the perceived stake of the situation (its “primary evaluation” according to Lazarus and Folkmans terminology), and, especially, possible “damage” from an academic point of view and the “challenge” which it constitutes in the eyes of the student. Differences appear also with regards to some coping strategies (the “sense of humor” and “professional assistance” coping mechanisms). The “situational” differences concern the taking part in the statistical exercise, in addition to the time devoted to related studies. The differences of a biographical nature refer to the number of hours of mathematics’ lessons which were taken by the student concerned during secondary school. Nevertheless, the explanatory process of the perceived stress, in addition to the state of anxiety, seems relatively similar in the two groups of students. Mainly, this process refers to the perception of what is at stake in the situation (at its primary evaluation)

Public Deposits In Biological Resource Centres Is An Essential Part Of Fair Science

F A I R s c i e n c e a i m s a t s h a r i n g s c i e n t i f i c o u t p u t i n s u c h a w a y a s t o m a x i m i z e t h e a c c e s s , r e u s e a n d i m p a c t o f r e s e a r c h . T h i s a l l o w s t r a n s p a r e n c y o f r e s u l t s , r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y o f e x p e r i m e n t s , c u m u l a t i v e r e s e a r c h , a n d a v o i d s a w a s t e o f r e s s o u r c e s ( 1 ) . A l t h o u g h t h e F A I R d a t a p r i n c i p l e i s b e c o m i n g a w e l l - k n o w n c o n c e p t , l e s s a t t e n t i o n i s g i v e n t o i t s a p p l i c a t i o n t o b i o l o g i c a l r e s o u r c e s . I n l i f e s c i e n c e s , p u b l i c m i c r o b i a l - a n d p l a s m i d c o l l e c t i o n s r e p r e s e n t a h i s t o r i c a l e x a m p l e o f F A I R s c i e n c e , t h a n k s t o t h e i r l o n g s t a n d i n g e x p e r i e n c e i n t h e p r e s e r v a t i o n a n d d i s t r i b u t i o n o f l i v i n g m i c r o b i a l s t r a i n s a n d ( g ) D N A f o r f u r t h e r s c i e n t i f i c i n v e s t i g a t i o n s o r d e v e l o p m e n t , w h i l e r e s p e c t i n g ( i n t e r ) n a t i o n a l l e g i s l a t i o n s a n d c a s e - s p e c i f i c r e s t r i c t i o n s a s d e f i n e d b y t h e c l i e n t s . T h e s e b i o l o g i c a l r e s o u r c e c e n t r e s ( B R C ) p r o v i d e w e l l - c h a r a c t e r i z e d , q u a l i t y - c o n t r o l l e d a n d a u t h e n t i c a t e d s t r a i n s , p l a s m i d s a n d a s s o c i a t e d d a t a ( 2 ) . T h e y a l s o s u p p o r t t h e b i o - i n d u s t r y , f o r w h i c h t h e d i v e r s i t y o f n a t u r a l l y o c c u r r i n g o r g e n e t i c a l l y e n g i n e e r e d m i c r o o r g a n i s m s a r e a n i n v a l u a b l e s o u r c e o f a p p l i c a t i o n s . T h e r e s p o n s i b i l i t y t o d e p o s i t t h e m i c r o o r g a n i s m s a n d g e n e t i c r e s o u r c e s i n p u b l i c B R C s i s s h a r e d b y r e s e a r c h e r s , f u n d i n g a g e n c i e s a n d p u b l i s h e r s ( 2 ) . L i f e s c i e n t i s t s n e e d t o b e c o m e m o r e a w a r e o f t h e i m p o r t a n c e o f s t r a i n a n d p l a s m i d c o n s e r v a t i o n a n d g r o w a c c u s t o m e d t o d e p o s i t t h e m d u r i n g t h e p u b l i c a t i o n p r o c e s s o r a t t h e e n d o f p r o j e c t s . G o v e r n m e n t a l f u n d i n g p o l i c i e s s h o u l d r e q u e s t i n t h e i r c o n t r a c t s t h e d e p o s i t o f b i o l o g i c a l m a t e r i a l s i s o l a t e d o r c o n s t r u c t e d d u r i n g f i n a n c e d p r o j e c t s . R e g a r d i n g p u b l i s h e r s , m o s t j o u r n a l s e n c o u r a g e a u t h o r s t o d e p o s i t t h e i r d a t a s e t s ( c o d e s , s e q u e n c e s , e t c ) i n p u b l i c r e p o s i t o r i e s b u t v e r y f e w s p e c i f i c a l l y r e q u i r e d e p o s i t o f b i o l o g i c a l m a t e r i a l a n d c u l t i v a t e d s t r a i n s i n p u b l i c c o l l e c t i o n s . E d i t o r s s h o u l d t h e r e f o r e i m p l e m e n t m e c h a n i s m s f o r a c t i v e a g r e e m e n t b y a u t h o r s t o d e p o s i t s t r a i n s a n d o t h e r g e n e t i c r e s o u r c e s w h e n s u b m i t t i n g a n a r t i c l e , o r t o j u s t i f y w h y i t w o u l d n o t b e p o s s i b l e . S u c h m e c h a n i s m s c o u l d f o l l o w T r a n s p a r e n c y a n d O p e n n e s s P r o m o t i o n g u i d e l i n e s ( 3 ) f o r j o u r n a l s t h a t i n c l u d e s t a n d a r d s f o r research materials.Belgian Consortium of Collections of Microorganism

Latent class analysis of sexual health markers among men and women participating in a British probability sample survey.

BACKGROUND: Despite known associations between different aspects of sexual health, it is not clear how patterning of adverse sexual health varies across the general population. A better understanding should contribute towards more effective problem identification, prevention and treatment. We sought to identify different clusters of sexual health markers in a general population, along with their socio-demographic, health and lifestyle correlates. METHODS: Data came from men (N = 5113) and women (N = 7019) aged 16-74 who reported partnered sexual activity in the past year in Britain's third National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles, undertaken in 2010-2012. Latent class analysis used 18 self-reported variables relating to adverse sexual health outcomes (STI and unplanned pregnancy, non-volitional sex, and sexual function problems). Correlates included socio-demographics, early debut, alcohol/drug use, depression, and satisfaction/distress with sex life. RESULTS: Four classes were found for men (labelled Good Sexual Health 83%, Wary Risk-takers 4%, Unwary Risk-takers 4%, Sexual Function Problems 9%); six for women (Good Sexual Health 52%, Wary Risk-takers 2%, Unwary Risk-takers 7%, Low Interest 29%, Sexual Function Problems 7%, Highly Vulnerable 2%). Regardless of gender, Unwary Risk-takers reported lower STI/HIV risk perception and more condomless sex than Wary Risk-takers, but both were more likely to report STI diagnosis than Good Sexual Health classes. Highly Vulnerable women reported abortion, STIs and functional problems, and more sexual coercion than other women. Distinct socio-demographic profiles differentiated higher-risk classes from Good Sexual Health classes, with depression, alcohol/drug use, and early sexual debut widely-shared correlates of higher-risk classes. Females in higher-risk classes, and men with functional problems, evaluated their sex lives more negatively than those with Good Sexual Health. CONCLUSIONS: A greater prevalence and diversity of poor sexual health appears to exist among women than men in Britain, with more consistent effects on women's subjective sexual well-being. Shared health and lifestyle characteristics of higher-risk groups suggest widespread benefits of upstream interventions. Several groups could benefit from tailored interventions: men and women who underestimate their STI/HIV risk exposure, women distressed by low interest in sex, and women experiencing multiple adverse outcomes. Distinctive socio-demographic profiles should assist with identification and targeting

Disease-Causing 7.4 kb Cis-Regulatory Deletion Disrupting Conserved Non-Coding Sequences and Their Interaction with the FOXL2 Promotor: Implications for Mutation Screening

To date, the contribution of disrupted potentially cis-regulatory conserved non-coding sequences (CNCs) to human disease is most likely underestimated, as no systematic screens for putative deleterious variations in CNCs have been conducted. As a model for monogenic disease we studied the involvement of genetic changes of CNCs in the cis-regulatory domain of FOXL2 in blepharophimosis syndrome (BPES). Fifty-seven molecularly unsolved BPES patients underwent high-resolution copy number screening and targeted sequencing of CNCs. Apart from three larger distant deletions, a de novo deletion as small as 7.4 kb was found at 283 kb 5′ to FOXL2. The deletion appeared to be triggered by an H-DNA-induced double-stranded break (DSB). In addition, it disrupts a novel long non-coding RNA (ncRNA) PISRT1 and 8 CNCs. The regulatory potential of the deleted CNCs was substantiated by in vitro luciferase assays. Interestingly, Chromosome Conformation Capture (3C) of a 625 kb region surrounding FOXL2 in expressing cellular systems revealed physical interactions of three upstream fragments and the FOXL2 core promoter. Importantly, one of these contains the 7.4 kb deleted fragment. Overall, this study revealed the smallest distant deletion causing monogenic disease and impacts upon the concept of mutation screening in human disease and developmental disorders in particular

The evolving SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Africa: Insights from rapidly expanding genomic surveillance

INTRODUCTION Investment in Africa over the past year with regard to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) sequencing has led to a massive increase in the number of sequences, which, to date, exceeds 100,000 sequences generated to track the pandemic on the continent. These sequences have profoundly affected how public health officials in Africa have navigated the COVID-19 pandemic. RATIONALE We demonstrate how the first 100,000 SARS-CoV-2 sequences from Africa have helped monitor the epidemic on the continent, how genomic surveillance expanded over the course of the pandemic, and how we adapted our sequencing methods to deal with an evolving virus. Finally, we also examine how viral lineages have spread across the continent in a phylogeographic framework to gain insights into the underlying temporal and spatial transmission dynamics for several variants of concern (VOCs). RESULTS Our results indicate that the number of countries in Africa that can sequence the virus within their own borders is growing and that this is coupled with a shorter turnaround time from the time of sampling to sequence submission. Ongoing evolution necessitated the continual updating of primer sets, and, as a result, eight primer sets were designed in tandem with viral evolution and used to ensure effective sequencing of the virus. The pandemic unfolded through multiple waves of infection that were each driven by distinct genetic lineages, with B.1-like ancestral strains associated with the first pandemic wave of infections in 2020. Successive waves on the continent were fueled by different VOCs, with Alpha and Beta cocirculating in distinct spatial patterns during the second wave and Delta and Omicron affecting the whole continent during the third and fourth waves, respectively. Phylogeographic reconstruction points toward distinct differences in viral importation and exportation patterns associated with the Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants and subvariants, when considering both Africa versus the rest of the world and viral dissemination within the continent. Our epidemiological and phylogenetic inferences therefore underscore the heterogeneous nature of the pandemic on the continent and highlight key insights and challenges, for instance, recognizing the limitations of low testing proportions. We also highlight the early warning capacity that genomic surveillance in Africa has had for the rest of the world with the detection of new lineages and variants, the most recent being the characterization of various Omicron subvariants. CONCLUSION Sustained investment for diagnostics and genomic surveillance in Africa is needed as the virus continues to evolve. This is important not only to help combat SARS-CoV-2 on the continent but also because it can be used as a platform to help address the many emerging and reemerging infectious disease threats in Africa. In particular, capacity building for local sequencing within countries or within the continent should be prioritized because this is generally associated with shorter turnaround times, providing the most benefit to local public health authorities tasked with pandemic response and mitigation and allowing for the fastest reaction to localized outbreaks. These investments are crucial for pandemic preparedness and response and will serve the health of the continent well into the 21st century

Resultaten van de enquête over werkbaarheid (workability, VOW/QFT) in metaalsector.

HUT/DIRACT/2015/AP/1info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublishe

Le vieillissement des travailleurs à l'ONSS

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Analyse de la représentation des tâches de courtiers d'assurance et son rapport avec l'exploitation de fonctions d'un logiciel de gestion. -- Sciences psychologiques et pédagoqiues

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Les représentations à l’égard des séniors : Influence de l’engagement au travail

L’analyse de la littérature relève l’existence d’un double discours, plus ou moins valorisant, à l’égard des séniors. Le premier objet de cette contribution est d’analyser les représentations que les séniors ont d’eux-mêmes, ainsi que les représentations véhiculées par leurs collègues plus jeunes. Le second objet est de déterminer dans quelle mesure l’engagement au travail influe sur les valences des représentations à l’égard des séniors. La recherche s’est déroulée au moyen d’un questionnaire soumis à des travailleurs de différentes catégories d’âge, dans le secteur public. Les résultats principaux mettent en évidence les faits suivants : (1) les séniors n’ont pas tendance à se dévaloriser ; (2) plus les travailleurs sont jeunes, plus leurs représentations des séniors sont défavorables ; (3) les travailleurs plus engagés affectivement à l’égard de leur organisation ont des représentations plus favorables vis-à-vis des séniors et (4) les travailleurs qui considèrent leur travail comme instrumental voient les séniors comme moins efficaces, plus rigides, moins capables de s’adapter et moins dynamiques intellectuellement. Cet ensemble de résultats semble indiquer que l’usage de clichés à l’égard des séniors par les travailleurs plus jeunes pourrait être lié à l’existence d’un phénomène d’autoprojection dans l’avenir

Rapport-type. Résultats au Questionnaire sur les Facultés de Travail VOW/QFT

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