13 research outputs found
Comparison between Continuous and Discrete Measurements of Breathlessness during Exercise in Normal Subjects Using a Visual Analogue Scale
Ventilatory response to incremental and constant-workload exercise in the presence of a thoracic restriction.
Ventilatory response to incremental and constant-workload exercise in the presence of a thoracic restriction.
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151486.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen, 03 februari 2016Promotores : Jong, C.A.J. de, Loonen, A.J.M. Co-promotores : Dijkstra, B.A.G., Schellekens, A.F.A.235 p
External thoracic restriction, respiratory sensation, and ventilation during exercise in men
Multiple factors may contribute to the dyspnea associated with restrictive ventilatory disease (RVD). Simple models that examine specific features of this problem are likely to provide insight into the mechanisms. Previous models of RVD utilizing elastic loads may not represent completely the impact on pulmonary and chest wall receptors derived from breathing at low thoracic volumes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the sensory consequences of breathing at low lung volumes induced by external thoracic restriction in an attempt to further elucidate the etiology of dyspnea in this setting. Ten men were studied, with and without an inelastic corset applied at residual volume (restriction resulted in mean reductions in vital capacity, functional residual capacity, residual volume, and forced expired volume in 1 s of 44, 31, 12.5, and 42%, respectively). During 10-min steady-state exercise tests (at a workload set to achieve ∼65% maximum heart rate), restriction resulted in significant increases, compared with control, in minute ventilation (61 vs. 49 l/min), respiratory frequency (43 vs. 23 breaths/min), and visual analog scale measurements of respiratory discomfort (65 vs. 20 mm). Alveolar hyperventilation (end-tidal [Formula: see text] = 39 vs. 44 Torr for control) and mild O2desaturation (arterial blood O2saturation = 93 vs. 95% for control) occurred. Hypoxemia, atelectasis, increased work and effort of breathing, or a decrease in the volume-related feedback from chest wall and/or lungs could be responsible for the increased dyspnea reported. External thoracic restriction provides a useful model to study mechanisms of dyspnea in RVD.</jats:p
Ventilatory response to incremental and constant-workload exercise in the presence of a thoracic restriction
A role for STEAP2 in prostate cancer progression
Prostate adenocarcinoma is the second most
frequent cancer worldwide and is one of the leading causes
of male cancer-related deaths. However, it varies greatly in
its behaviour, from indolent non-progressive disease to
metastatic cancers with high associated mortality. The aim
of this study was to identify predictive biomarkers for
patients with localised prostate tumours most likely to
progress to aggressive disease, to facilitate future tailored
clinical treatment and identify novel therapeutic targets.
The expression of 602 genes was profiled using oligoarrays,
across three prostate cancer cell lines: CA-HPV-10,
LNCaP and PC3, qualitatively identifying several potential
prognostic biomarkers. Of particular interest was six
transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate (STEAP) 1
and STEAP 2 which was subsequently analysed further in
prostate cancer tissue samples following optimisation of an
RNA extraction method from laser captured cells isolated
from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded biopsy samples.
Quantitative analysis of STEAP1 and 2 gene expression
were statistically significantly associated with the metastatic
cell lines DU145 and PC3 as compared to the normal
prostate epithelial cell line, PNT2. This expression pattern
was also mirrored at the protein level in the cells. Furthermore,
STEAP2 up-regulation was observed within a
small patient cohort and was associated with those that had
locally advanced disease. Subsequent mechanistic studies
in the PNT2 cell line demonstrated that an over-expression
of STEAP2 resulted in these normal prostate cells gaining
an ability to migrate and invade, suggesting that STEAP2
expression may be a crucial molecule in driving the invasive
ability of prostate cancer cells
External thoracic restriction, respiratory sensation, and ventilation during exercise in men
International multi-centre study of pregnancy outcomes with interleukin-1 inhibitors
Objective. To provide outcome data concerning pregnancies exposed to the Interleukin-1 (IL-1) inhibitors prior to conception in both men and women, during pregnancy and breast feeding
A role for STEAP2 in prostate cancer progression
Prostate adenocarcinoma is the second most
frequent cancer worldwide and is one of the leading causes
of male cancer-related deaths. However, it varies greatly in
its behaviour, from indolent non-progressive disease to
metastatic cancers with high associated mortality. The aim
of this study was to identify predictive biomarkers for
patients with localised prostate tumours most likely to
progress to aggressive disease, to facilitate future tailored
clinical treatment and identify novel therapeutic targets.
The expression of 602 genes was profiled using oligoarrays,
across three prostate cancer cell lines: CA-HPV-10,
LNCaP and PC3, qualitatively identifying several potential
prognostic biomarkers. Of particular interest was six
transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate (STEAP) 1
and STEAP 2 which was subsequently analysed further in
prostate cancer tissue samples following optimisation of an
RNA extraction method from laser captured cells isolated
from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded biopsy samples.
Quantitative analysis of STEAP1 and 2 gene expression
were statistically significantly associated with the metastatic
cell lines DU145 and PC3 as compared to the normal
prostate epithelial cell line, PNT2. This expression pattern
was also mirrored at the protein level in the cells. Furthermore,
STEAP2 up-regulation was observed within a
small patient cohort and was associated with those that had
locally advanced disease. Subsequent mechanistic studies
in the PNT2 cell line demonstrated that an over-expression
of STEAP2 resulted in these normal prostate cells gaining
an ability to migrate and invade, suggesting that STEAP2
expression may be a crucial molecule in driving the invasive
ability of prostate cancer cells