A Study of Epistemology in the Theologies of Emil Brunner, Martin Heinecken, Taito Kantonen, and Joseph Sittler

Chapter I of the paper will deal with Brunner and Chapter II with Heinecken, Kantonen and Sittler in comparison to Brunner. The concluding section will summarize Brunner’s position, evaluate the comparison made between his position and that of the three Lutherans, and raise several questions for further investigation in this field

The Anabaptists and their Rejection of Infant Baptism

Rather than being an exhaustive study of perhaps one of the reasons or the Anabaptists\u27 rejection of infant baptism, this thesis presents a somewhat broader look at the background of the movement, and the social, political, and theologica1 attitudes of the Anabaptists, followed by a more thorough investigation of five of the particularly fundamental objections the Anabaptists raised against infant baptisrn. The writer shall attempt to be as objective as possible in presenting the material contained in the body of the thesis. His subjective evaluation and conclusions are contained in the last chapter

Internet-based Building Performance Analysis Provided as a Low-Cost Commercial Service

Internet-based monitoring services can play a very important role in reducing the energy consumed in commercial buildings. They can provide the information needed to identify improvements that should be made in the operation of particular buildings or pieces of equipment, and to justify the expenditures needed to make those improvements. This type of information has typically been very difficult to obtain from a facility manager's position. There is a need for services such as these in the marketplace, although some of the considerations that must be made in designing, marketing, and providing a cost-effective and reliable service are not always apparent to buildings researchers. This paper describes some of those considerations, and shows an example of how one service already in the market has addressed them

Radiocarbon Dating of the Human Eye Lens Crystallines Reveal Proteins without Carbon Turnover throughout Life

BACKGROUND: Lens crystallines are special proteins in the eye lens. Because the epithelial basement membrane (lens capsule) completely encloses the lens, desquamation of aging cells is impossible, and due to the complete absence of blood vessels or transport of metabolites in this area, there is no subsequent remodelling of these fibers, nor removal of degraded lens fibers. Human tissue ultimately derives its (14)C content from the atmospheric carbon dioxide. The (14)C content of the lens proteins thus reflects the atmospheric content of (14)C when the lens crystallines were formed. Precise radiocarbon dating is made possible by comparing the (14)C content of the lens crystallines to the so-called bomb pulse, i.e. a plot of the atmospheric (14)C content since the Second World War, when there was a significant increase due to nuclear-bomb testing. Since the change in concentration is significant even on a yearly basis this allows very accurate dating. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Our results allow us to conclude that the crystalline formation in the lens nucleus almost entirely takes place around the time of birth, with a very small, and decreasing, continuous formation throughout life. The close relationship may be further expressed as a mathematical model, which takes into account the timing of the crystalline formation. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Such a life-long permanence of human tissue has hitherto only been described for dental enamel. In confront to dental enamel it must be held in mind that the eye lens is a soft structure, subjected to almost continuous deformation, due to lens accommodation, yet its most important constituent, the lens crystalline, is never subject to turnover or remodelling once formed. The determination of the (14)C content of various tissues may be used to assess turnover rates and degree of substitution (for example for brain cell DNA). Potential targets may be nervous tissues in terms of senile or pre-senile degradation, as well as other highly specialised structures of the eyes. The precision with which the year of birth may be calculated points to forensic uses of this technique