Macrophytes aquatiques dans les bras morts du Rhin et du Main en Hesse

Zur Schließung von Kenntnislücken zur Flora der Gewässer Hessens wurden 2009 von der BVNH neun Altarme von Rhein und Main untersucht. Die Ergeb-nisse zeigen, dass viele als sehr selten oder verschollen geltende Gewässermakrophyten noch oder wieder in den Altarmen des hessischen Oberrheinabschnitts zu finden sind. Insgesamt wurden 51 Arten nachgewiesen, darunter fünf Armleuchteralgen.In 2009, the flora in eight oxbow lakes along the Hessian stretch of the River Rhine and in one oxbow lake along the Hessian stretch of the River Main was surveyed by the Botanical Society for Nature Conservation in Hesse. Several rare species were recorded, some of which had not been recorded for decades. Altogether, 51 species were recorded, including five charophytes.Pour combler les lacunes dans la Flore aquatique en Hesse, la Société botanique pour la conservation de la nature en Hesse (BVNH) a étudié en 2009 neuf anciens bras du Rhin et du Main. Les résultats ont dévoilé que de nombreux macrophytes aquatiques, considérés comme très rares ou même disparus, sont encore présents ou sont réapparus dans les bras morts de la section supérieure du Rhin en Hesse. En tout 51 espèces ont pu être prouvées dont cinq charas

Amphibious Seismic Survey Images Plate Interface at 1960 Chile Earthquake

The southern central Chilean margin at the site of the largest historically recorded earthquake in the Valdivia region, in 1960 (Mw = 9.5), is part of the 5000-km-long active subduction system whose geodynamic evolution is controversially debated and poorly understood. Covering the area between 36° and 40°S, the oceanic crust is segmented by prominent fracture zones. The offshore forearc and its onshore continuation show a complex image with segments of varying geophysical character, and several fault systems active during the past 24 m.y. In autumn 2001, the project SPOC was organized to study the Subduction Processes Off Chile, with a focus on the seismogenic coupling zone and the forearc. The acquired seismic data crossing the Chilean subduction system were gathered in a combined offshore-onshore survey and provide new insights into the lithospheric structure and evolution of active margins with insignificant frontal accretion

A longitudinal study of adaption to prison after initial incarceration

Much of the psychiatric literature concerning prisoners concerns the associations between psychiatric conditions and criminality. More recently, there has been increased psychiatric interest in the moral emotions (i.e., emotions related to the rightness or wrongness of an individual's actions) and their association with psychological problems and psychopathology. The role of moral emotions has never previously been studied in relation to prison adaptation on initial incarceration. Their impact in adaptation to prison life was studied longitudinally. Immediately after prison incarceration, 316 adult male offenders were assessed in relation to moral emotions, coping strategies, and somatization symptoms. After four months, information relating to their prison adaptation were recorded using official data. Findings showed that (i) offence-related shame correlated positively with somatization symptoms, distraction, and self-blame, and that (ii) offence-related guilt correlated positively with self-blame, and negatively with venting on emotion. The relationship between self-blame and somatization was partly mediated by offence-related shame and guilt. Previous research has demonstrated that moral emotions are associated with increased severity of psychopathology such as depression, suicidal ideation, and psychological problems generally. Therefore, it is important that psychiatrists are aware of the effect that moral emotions can have on psychological functioning. Implications for prison psychiatrists are discussed

Optimism and Inmates: Uncharted Territory

National statistics indicate that the rate of incarceration is rising (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2006). A high percentage of these inmates exhibit mental health issues and substance dependence upon entry into correctional facilities. As 95% of inmates are released back into the community, the period of incarceration is an optimal time to address inmates’ mental illness and substance dependence. It is important that research investigate mutable psychological variables to develop effective interventions that may help offenders upon release. One such promising variable is optimism. Research with community samples indicate that optimism, the expectation that good, rather than bad things will happen, is related to positive mood, perseverance in the face of adversity, and better mental and physical health (Carver & Scheier, 2002). Current research has found evidence that it is possible to help individuals increase their level of optimism. Given the positive outcomes routinely associated with high optimism, fostering optimism may be beneficial in the inmate population. However, before implementing interventions designed to increase optimism, it is important to understand how this variable operates in an inmate population. Drawing on data from an ongoing longitudinal study, the present research study examined the relationship between optimism and several variables of interest in a sample of 523 inmates housed in an urban jail. Participants completed measures of theoretical and clinical interest upon entry to the jail (Time 1), upon release or transfer from the jail (Time 2, n = 268), and one-year post-release (Time 3, n=244). Direct effects were examined between optimism and treatment seeking, changes in mental health, negative behaviors one-year post-release, and positive behaviors one-year post-release. There was a significant inverse relationship between optimism and negative post-release outcomes (recidivism and drug use). All other relationships were non-significant. In addition to direct effects, alternative models were tested. There was no evidence of a curvilinear nature between optimism and the outcome variables. Psychopathy significantly moderated the relationship between optimism and self-reported treatment seeking and the relationship between optimism and positive post-release; stability in housing and employment. Examination of the nature of the interaction indicated that for low psychopaths, optimism was associated with treatment participation, living in more places during the first year following release, and shorter length of employment. However, for high psychopaths, optimism was related to lower levels of treatment participation, living in fewer places, and longer length of employment