19 research outputs found

    La représentation du risque en santé dans le Val-de-Marne : entre inégalités des territoires et accessibilité fine

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    International audienceThe constant transformation of the urban space complicates its relations with the efficiency of emergency mobile services. Access to urgent care must be equitable and ever faster, due to the close link between the time of intervention and the prognosis of several pathologies (cardiac arrest, severe trauma, myocardial infarction, stroke, etc.) (Blanchard et al., 2012). A major objective of the pre-hospital care system is to reduce the overall response time (from the receipt of the call until the patient's arrival at the hospital). The UPEC EA4390 team focuses on the systemic optimisation of emergency medical aid. Its members analyse and test the options for improvement concerning the links between the city in all its aspects and the response of the pre-hospital system of urgent care (intervention at home but also in areas with high density of users like train stations).La mutation constante de l'espace urbain complexifie les relations qu'il entretient avec l'ef-ficience des services de secours. L'accĂšs aux soins urgents doit ĂȘtre Ă©quitable et toujours plus rapide, en raison du lien Ă©troit entre le dĂ©lai d'intervention et le pronostic de nombreuses pathologies (arrĂȘt cardiaque, traumatisme grave, infarctus du myocarde, accident vasculaire cĂ©rĂ©bral, etc.) (Blanchard et al., 2012). La rĂ©duction du dĂ©lai global de prise en charge urgente (depuis la rĂ©ception de l'appel jusqu'Ă  l'arrivĂ©e du patient Ă  l'hĂŽpital) constitue ainsi un objectif majeur du systĂšme de soins prĂ©hospitalier. L'Ă©quipe EA4390 de l'UPEC a pour thĂ©matique l'optimisation systĂ©mique de l'aide mĂ©dicale urgente. Elle analyse et teste les options d'amĂ©-lioration concernant les liens entre la ville dans tous ses aspects et la rĂ©ponse du systĂšme de soins urgents (intervention au domicile mais aussi dans les zones Ă  haute densitĂ© d'usagers comme les gares)

    Effecteurs mobiles de la permanence des soins ambulatoires missionnĂ©s par le SAMU-Centre 15 : intĂ©rĂȘt d'un modĂšle numĂ©rique des trajets. Application dans le Val-de-Marne

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    During out-of-hours times, mobile general practitioners (GPs), appointed by the SAMU - Centre 15 (French public emergency call center), can provide out-of-hours home visits (OOH-HV).The order in which these visits are carried out is based on an intuitive model, i.e. the shortest path problem, and determined according to the degree of urgency established at the time of the call to the SAMU - Centre 15 and the knowledge of the sector by the mobile GP. Maintaining timelines consistent with the medical need thus depends on the flow of visits and the GP’s response times. However, this transit time depends in particular on the number of available GPs and traffic conditions. Existing models for routing optimization are inapplicable to OOH-HV, due to the continuous updating of the list of visits to be carried out, as well as the weighting of the target time by the degree of urgency.We therefore propose to create a specific model for the optimization of the mobile GPs’ sent by the SAMU-Centre 15. We develop an evolutionary meta-heuristic of the genetic algorithm type, whose computational performances we first compare with those of an exact method of integer linear optimization (non evolutionary combinatorial optimization method), on theoretical data, integrating the clinical data (3 degrees of priority of visit), operational constraints data (mobile GPs’ fleet size) and response times objectives (3 target effection times). The objectives of this work are to show that the genetic algorithm, compared to the integer linear method, leads to a reduction in mobile GPs visit completion times, to a greater respect of the deadlines of target outcomes, as well as an increase in the number of patients seen per time unit (GPs time slot).Our results suggest that the genetic algorithm is more efficient than the integer linear method on all established criteria, and that its performances improve with the complexity of the problem to be solved (number of patients to visit, size of mobile GPs’ fleet).The use of the optimization method developed in this work could enable the SAMU-Centres 15 to improve the service provided to the population, in terms of efficiency, safety and quality of access to care.En-dehors des horaires d’ouverture des cabinets de mĂ©decine gĂ©nĂ©rale, la permanence des soins ambulatoires (PDSA) est assurĂ©e par des mĂ©decins effecteurs mobiles (MPDSA), missionnĂ©s par le SAMU – Centre 15 et effectuant des visites au domicile des patients. L’ordre de rĂ©alisation de ces visites est basĂ© sur un modĂšle intuitif, dĂ©fini selon le degrĂ© d’urgence Ă©tabli lors de l’appel au SAMU – Centre 15 et la connaissance du secteur par le MPDSA. Cette mĂ©thode intuitive est le plus souvent dictĂ©e par la problĂ©matique du plus court chemin entre les visites. Le maintien de dĂ©lais compatibles avec le besoin mĂ©dical dĂ©pend ainsi du flux de visites et du temps d’acheminement des MPDSA. Or, ce temps d’acheminement dĂ©pend notamment des effectifs de MPDSA de garde et des conditions de trafic. Les modĂšles existants d’optimisation des trajets sont inapplicables Ă  la PDSA, en raison de la rĂ©actualisation continue de la liste des visites Ă  effectuer, ainsi que de la pondĂ©ration du dĂ©lai cible par le degrĂ© d’urgence.Nous proposons donc de crĂ©er un modĂšle spĂ©cifique d’optimisation des trajets des MPDSA missionnĂ©s par le SAMU–Centre 15. Nous dĂ©veloppons une mĂ©ta-heuristique Ă©volutionnaire de type algorithme gĂ©nĂ©tique, dont nous comparons d’abord les performances calculatoires Ă  celles d’une mĂ©thode exacte d’optimisation linĂ©aire en nombres entiers (mĂ©thode d’optimisation combinatoire non Ă©volutionnaire), sur donnĂ©es thĂ©oriques, intĂ©grant les donnĂ©es cliniques (3 degrĂ©s de prioritĂ© de visite), opĂ©rationnelles (taille de la flotte des MPDSA) et les objectifs temporels (3 dĂ©lais d’effection cible). Les objectifs de ce travail sont de montrer que l’algorithme gĂ©nĂ©tique, comparativement Ă  la mĂ©thode linĂ©aire en nombres entiers, conduit Ă  une rĂ©duction des dĂ©lais d’effection des visites MPDSA, donc Ă  un plus grand respect des dĂ©lais d’effection cibles ainsi qu’à une augmentation du nombre de patients vus par unitĂ© de temps (plage horaire de PDSA). Les rĂ©sultats obtenus suggĂšrent que l’algorithme gĂ©nĂ©tique est Ă  la fois plus performant que la mĂ©thode linĂ©aire en nombres entiers sur tous les critĂšres Ă©tablis, et que ses performances s’amĂ©liorent avec la complexitĂ© du problĂšme Ă  rĂ©soudre (nombre de patients Ă  visiter, taille de la flotte des MPDSA).L’utilisation de la mĂ©thode d’optimisation dĂ©veloppĂ©e dans ce travail pourrait permettre aux SAMU-Centres 15 d’amĂ©liorer le service rendu Ă  la population, en termes d’accĂšs au juste soin et de sĂ©curitĂ© du patient

    Mobile general pratictioners for out-of-hours home visits missionned by the SAMU-Centre 15 : interest of a digital optimization model. Application in the French Val-de-Marne district

    No full text
    En-dehors des horaires d’ouverture des cabinets de mĂ©decine gĂ©nĂ©rale, la permanence des soins ambulatoires (PDSA) est assurĂ©e par des mĂ©decins effecteurs mobiles (MPDSA), missionnĂ©s par le SAMU – Centre 15 et effectuant des visites au domicile des patients. L’ordre de rĂ©alisation de ces visites est basĂ© sur un modĂšle intuitif, dĂ©fini selon le degrĂ© d’urgence Ă©tabli lors de l’appel au SAMU – Centre 15 et la connaissance du secteur par le MPDSA. Cette mĂ©thode intuitive est le plus souvent dictĂ©e par la problĂ©matique du plus court chemin entre les visites. Le maintien de dĂ©lais compatibles avec le besoin mĂ©dical dĂ©pend ainsi du flux de visites et du temps d’acheminement des MPDSA. Or, ce temps d’acheminement dĂ©pend notamment des effectifs de MPDSA de garde et des conditions de trafic. Les modĂšles existants d’optimisation des trajets sont inapplicables Ă  la PDSA, en raison de la rĂ©actualisation continue de la liste des visites Ă  effectuer, ainsi que de la pondĂ©ration du dĂ©lai cible par le degrĂ© d’urgence.Nous proposons donc de crĂ©er un modĂšle spĂ©cifique d’optimisation des trajets des MPDSA missionnĂ©s par le SAMU–Centre 15. Nous dĂ©veloppons une mĂ©ta-heuristique Ă©volutionnaire de type algorithme gĂ©nĂ©tique, dont nous comparons d’abord les performances calculatoires Ă  celles d’une mĂ©thode exacte d’optimisation linĂ©aire en nombres entiers (mĂ©thode d’optimisation combinatoire non Ă©volutionnaire), sur donnĂ©es thĂ©oriques, intĂ©grant les donnĂ©es cliniques (3 degrĂ©s de prioritĂ© de visite), opĂ©rationnelles (taille de la flotte des MPDSA) et les objectifs temporels (3 dĂ©lais d’effection cible). Les objectifs de ce travail sont de montrer que l’algorithme gĂ©nĂ©tique, comparativement Ă  la mĂ©thode linĂ©aire en nombres entiers, conduit Ă  une rĂ©duction des dĂ©lais d’effection des visites MPDSA, donc Ă  un plus grand respect des dĂ©lais d’effection cibles ainsi qu’à une augmentation du nombre de patients vus par unitĂ© de temps (plage horaire de PDSA). Les rĂ©sultats obtenus suggĂšrent que l’algorithme gĂ©nĂ©tique est Ă  la fois plus performant que la mĂ©thode linĂ©aire en nombres entiers sur tous les critĂšres Ă©tablis, et que ses performances s’amĂ©liorent avec la complexitĂ© du problĂšme Ă  rĂ©soudre (nombre de patients Ă  visiter, taille de la flotte des MPDSA).L’utilisation de la mĂ©thode d’optimisation dĂ©veloppĂ©e dans ce travail pourrait permettre aux SAMU-Centres 15 d’amĂ©liorer le service rendu Ă  la population, en termes d’accĂšs au juste soin et de sĂ©curitĂ© du patient.During out-of-hours times, mobile general practitioners (GPs), appointed by the SAMU - Centre 15 (French public emergency call center), can provide out-of-hours home visits (OOH-HV).The order in which these visits are carried out is based on an intuitive model, i.e. the shortest path problem, and determined according to the degree of urgency established at the time of the call to the SAMU - Centre 15 and the knowledge of the sector by the mobile GP. Maintaining timelines consistent with the medical need thus depends on the flow of visits and the GP’s response times. However, this transit time depends in particular on the number of available GPs and traffic conditions. Existing models for routing optimization are inapplicable to OOH-HV, due to the continuous updating of the list of visits to be carried out, as well as the weighting of the target time by the degree of urgency.We therefore propose to create a specific model for the optimization of the mobile GPs’ sent by the SAMU-Centre 15. We develop an evolutionary meta-heuristic of the genetic algorithm type, whose computational performances we first compare with those of an exact method of integer linear optimization (non evolutionary combinatorial optimization method), on theoretical data, integrating the clinical data (3 degrees of priority of visit), operational constraints data (mobile GPs’ fleet size) and response times objectives (3 target effection times). The objectives of this work are to show that the genetic algorithm, compared to the integer linear method, leads to a reduction in mobile GPs visit completion times, to a greater respect of the deadlines of target outcomes, as well as an increase in the number of patients seen per time unit (GPs time slot).Our results suggest that the genetic algorithm is more efficient than the integer linear method on all established criteria, and that its performances improve with the complexity of the problem to be solved (number of patients to visit, size of mobile GPs’ fleet).The use of the optimization method developed in this work could enable the SAMU-Centres 15 to improve the service provided to the population, in terms of efficiency, safety and quality of access to care

    La représentation du risque en santé dans le Val-de-Marne : entre inégalités des territoires et accessibilité fine

    No full text
    International audienceThe constant transformation of the urban space complicates its relations with the efficiency of emergency mobile services. Access to urgent care must be equitable and ever faster, due to the close link between the time of intervention and the prognosis of several pathologies (cardiac arrest, severe trauma, myocardial infarction, stroke, etc.) (Blanchard et al., 2012). A major objective of the pre-hospital care system is to reduce the overall response time (from the receipt of the call until the patient's arrival at the hospital). The UPEC EA4390 team focuses on the systemic optimisation of emergency medical aid. Its members analyse and test the options for improvement concerning the links between the city in all its aspects and the response of the pre-hospital system of urgent care (intervention at home but also in areas with high density of users like train stations).La mutation constante de l'espace urbain complexifie les relations qu'il entretient avec l'efficience des services de secours. L'accĂšs aux soins urgents doit ĂȘtre Ă©quitable et toujours plus rapide, en raison du lien Ă©troit entre le dĂ©lai d'intervention et le pronostic de nombreuses pathologies (arrĂȘt cardiaque, traumatisme grave, infarctus du myocarde, accident vasculaire cĂ©rĂ©bral, etc.) (Blanchard et al., 2012). La rĂ©duction du dĂ©lai global de prise en charge urgente (depuis la rĂ©ception de l'appel jusqu'Ă  l'arrivĂ©e du patient Ă  l'hĂŽpital) constitue ainsi un objectif majeur du systĂšme de soins prĂ©hospitalier. L'Ă©quipe EA4390 de l'UPEC a pour thĂ©matique l'optimisation systĂ©mique de l'aide mĂ©dicale urgente. Elle analyse et teste les options d'amĂ©lioration concernant les liens entre la ville dans tous ses aspects et la rĂ©ponse du systĂšme de soins urgents (intervention au domicile mais aussi dans les zones Ă  haute densitĂ© d'usagers comme les gares)

    La représentation du risque en santé dans le Val-de-Marne : entre inégalités des territoires et accessibilité fine

    No full text
    International audienceThe constant transformation of the urban space complicates its relations with the efficiency of emergency mobile services. Access to urgent care must be equitable and ever faster, due to the close link between the time of intervention and the prognosis of several pathologies (cardiac arrest, severe trauma, myocardial infarction, stroke, etc.) (Blanchard et al., 2012). A major objective of the pre-hospital care system is to reduce the overall response time (from the receipt of the call until the patient's arrival at the hospital). The UPEC EA4390 team focuses on the systemic optimisation of emergency medical aid. Its members analyse and test the options for improvement concerning the links between the city in all its aspects and the response of the pre-hospital system of urgent care (intervention at home but also in areas with high density of users like train stations).La mutation constante de l'espace urbain complexifie les relations qu'il entretient avec l'efficience des services de secours. L'accĂšs aux soins urgents doit ĂȘtre Ă©quitable et toujours plus rapide, en raison du lien Ă©troit entre le dĂ©lai d'intervention et le pronostic de nombreuses pathologies (arrĂȘt cardiaque, traumatisme grave, infarctus du myocarde, accident vasculaire cĂ©rĂ©bral, etc.) (Blanchard et al., 2012). La rĂ©duction du dĂ©lai global de prise en charge urgente (depuis la rĂ©ception de l'appel jusqu'Ă  l'arrivĂ©e du patient Ă  l'hĂŽpital) constitue ainsi un objectif majeur du systĂšme de soins prĂ©hospitalier. L'Ă©quipe EA4390 de l'UPEC a pour thĂ©matique l'optimisation systĂ©mique de l'aide mĂ©dicale urgente. Elle analyse et teste les options d'amĂ©lioration concernant les liens entre la ville dans tous ses aspects et la rĂ©ponse du systĂšme de soins urgents (intervention au domicile mais aussi dans les zones Ă  haute densitĂ© d'usagers comme les gares)

    La représentation du risque en santé dans le Val-de-Marne : entre inégalités des territoires et accessibilité fine

    No full text
    International audienceThe constant transformation of the urban space complicates its relations with the efficiency of emergency mobile services. Access to urgent care must be equitable and ever faster, due to the close link between the time of intervention and the prognosis of several pathologies (cardiac arrest, severe trauma, myocardial infarction, stroke, etc.) (Blanchard et al., 2012). A major objective of the pre-hospital care system is to reduce the overall response time (from the receipt of the call until the patient's arrival at the hospital). The UPEC EA4390 team focuses on the systemic optimisation of emergency medical aid. Its members analyse and test the options for improvement concerning the links between the city in all its aspects and the response of the pre-hospital system of urgent care (intervention at home but also in areas with high density of users like train stations).La mutation constante de l'espace urbain complexifie les relations qu'il entretient avec l'efficience des services de secours. L'accĂšs aux soins urgents doit ĂȘtre Ă©quitable et toujours plus rapide, en raison du lien Ă©troit entre le dĂ©lai d'intervention et le pronostic de nombreuses pathologies (arrĂȘt cardiaque, traumatisme grave, infarctus du myocarde, accident vasculaire cĂ©rĂ©bral, etc.) (Blanchard et al., 2012). La rĂ©duction du dĂ©lai global de prise en charge urgente (depuis la rĂ©ception de l'appel jusqu'Ă  l'arrivĂ©e du patient Ă  l'hĂŽpital) constitue ainsi un objectif majeur du systĂšme de soins prĂ©hospitalier. L'Ă©quipe EA4390 de l'UPEC a pour thĂ©matique l'optimisation systĂ©mique de l'aide mĂ©dicale urgente. Elle analyse et teste les options d'amĂ©lioration concernant les liens entre la ville dans tous ses aspects et la rĂ©ponse du systĂšme de soins urgents (intervention au domicile mais aussi dans les zones Ă  haute densitĂ© d'usagers comme les gares)

    Real-life implementation of guidelines on the hospital-to-home transition for older patients: a cohort study in general practice

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    International audienceAbstract Background hospital discharge is a critical event for older patients. The French guidelines recommended the swift transmission of a discharge summary to the general practitioner (GP) and a primary care consultation within 7 days. The relevance and feasibility of these guidelines have not previously been assessed. Objective to perform a real-life assessment of compliance with French guidelines on the transmission of discharge summaries and post-discharge medical reviews and to examine these factors’ association with 30-day readmissions. Design a prospective multicentre cohort study. Setting primary care (general practice) in France. Subjects a sample of GPs and the same number of patients aged 75 or over having consulted within 30 days of hospital discharge. Methods the main endpoints were the proportion of discharge summaries available and the proportion of patients consulting their GP within 7 days. The 30-day readmission rate was also measured. Factors associated with these endpoints were assessed in univariate and multivariate analyses. Results seventy-one GPs (mean ± standard deviation age: 49 ± 11; males: 62%) and 71 patients (mean age: 84 ± 5; males: 52%; living at home: 94%; cognitive disorders: 22%) were included. Forty-six patients (65%, [95% confidence interval [CI]]: 53–76) consulted their GP within 7 days of hospital discharge. At the time of the consultation, 27 GPs (38% [95% CI]: 27–50) had not received the corresponding hospital discharge summary. Discharge summary availability was associated with a lower risk of 30-day readmission (adjusted odds ratio [95% CI] = 0.25 [0.07–0.91]). Conclusions compliance with the French guidelines on hospital-to-home transitions is insufficient

    Accuracy of a Prehospital Triage Protocol in Predicting In-Hospital Mortality and Severe Trauma Cases among Older Adults

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    Background: Prehospital trauma triage tools are not tailored to identify severely injured older adults. Our trauma triage protocol based on a three-tier trauma severity grading system (A, B, and C) has never been studied in this population. The objective was to assess its accuracy in predicting in-hospital mortality among older adults (≥65 years) and to compare it to younger patients. Methods: A retrospective multicenter cohort study, from 2011 to 2021. Consecutive adult trauma patients managed by a mobile medical team were prospectively graded A, B, or C according to the initial seriousness of their injuries. Accuracy was evaluated using sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and positive and negative likelihood ratios. Results: 8888 patients were included (14.1% were ≥65 years). Overall, 10.1% were labeled Grade A (15.2% vs. 9.3% among older and younger adults, respectively), 21.9% Grade B (27.9% vs. 20.9%), and 68.0% Grade C (56.9% vs. 69.8%). In-hospital mortality was 7.1% and was significantly higher among older adults regardless of severity grade. Grade A showed lower sensitivity (50.5 (43.7; 57.2) vs. 74.6 (69.8; 79.1), p < 0.0001) for predicting mortality among older adults compared to their younger counterparts. Similarly, Grade B was associated with lower sensitivity (89.5 (84.7; 93.3) vs. 97.2 (94.8; 98.60), p = 0.0003) and specificity (69.4 (66.3; 72.4) vs. 74.6 (73.6; 75.7], p = 0.001) among older adults. Conclusions: Our prehospital trauma triage protocol offers high sensitivity for predicting in-hospital mortality including older adults
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