Musical activities in Salem, Massachusetts: 1783-1823

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston UniversityVery little is known to date of the musical life in America during the transitionary period extending from roughly the last quarter of the eighteenth century through the first quarter of the nineteenth century. Musical life in New England would seem to have started with psalmody in the eighteenth century and then have skipped to public school music in the late 1830's, with a few native composers and itinerate singing masters bridging the two eras. However, the larger communities bordering the whole eastern seaboard developed an urbane society which readily sought to emulate English Continental musical life. Salem, during this transitionary period, was the second largest community in Massachusetts and one of the major seaports in America. As a direct result of maritime commerce, Salem became one of the wealthiest towns in America; and, as such, experienced a sophisticated society which actively supported a musical life, equal in quality to almost any in America. It was the purpose of this dissertation (1) to present a detailed picture of the musical life in Salem, Massachusetts, from the years 1783 to 1823; (2) to identify the significant musical events, personalities, and musical organizations existing during this period, and by so doing; (3) to emphasize a facet of musical performance during this period of American History. [TRUNCATED

An analysis of the tonal features apparent in the Late Magnificats of Palestrina

Thesis (M.M.)--Boston Universit

Sleep Timing and Neurocognitive Networks in Youth

Sleep timing, particularly later midpoint of sleep, has been linked to emotion dysregulation and psychopathology. Prior adult studies link poor sleep (e.g., shorter duration, later midpoint), to altered resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) within and between key neurocognitive networks, particularly the default mode network (DMN), which is involved in internal thought and rumination. Importantly, many psychiatric disorders begin during adolescence, a period of shifted sleep schedules. We explored associations between midpoint of sleep and rs-FC of the DMN and other core neurocognitive networks in youth. Sleep timing was measured in 3,798 youth (11.9±0.6 years, 47.5% female) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study using Fitbit watches (over 13.1±6.5 days). Internalizing symptoms were measured using self-report and rs-FC was measured between the DMN and three neurocognitive networks: dorsal attention network (DAN), frontoparietal network (FPN), and salience network (SN). Associations between sleep timing and rs-FC were measured using linear regressions adjusting for age, sex, race, parental education, family income, puberty, and head motion. Average midpoint of sleep was 3:35 AM (range: 12:34 AM-11:27 PM). Later midpoint of sleep was associated with increased self-reported depressive symptoms. Later midpoint of sleep was associated with lower DMN-DAN rs-FC. There were no associations between midpoint of sleep and DMN-DMN, DMN-FPN, or DMN-SN network rs-FC. These results add to and extend prior studies in youth by incorporating objective measures of sleep timing (Fitbit data), and in a large national sample. Additionally, our findings may have implications for the consideration of sleep timing when designing behavioral-health interventions in youth

A Study of Age and Sex Bias in Multiple Instance Learning based Classification of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Subtypes

Accurate classification of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) subtypes is crucial for clinical decision-making and patient care. In this study, we investigate the potential presence of age and sex bias in AML subtype classification using Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) architectures. To that end, we train multiple MIL models using different levels of sex imbalance in the training set and excluding certain age groups. To assess the sex bias, we evaluate the performance of the models on male and female test sets. For age bias, models are tested against underrepresented age groups in the training data. We find a significant effect of sex and age bias on the performance of the model for AML subtype classification. Specifically, we observe that females are more likely to be affected by sex imbalance dataset and certain age groups, such as patients with 72 to 86 years of age with the RUNX1::RUNX1T1 genetic subtype, are significantly affected by an age bias present in the training data. Ensuring inclusivity in the training data is thus essential for generating reliable and equitable outcomes in AML genetic subtype classification, ultimately benefiting diverse patient populations.Comment: Accepted for publication at workshop on Fairness of AI in Medical Imaging in International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI 2023

Scanning Mechanism of the FY-3 Microwave Humidity Sounder

Astrium GmbH Germany, developed the scanning equipment for the instrument package of the MicroWave Humidity Sounder (MWHS) flying on the FY-3 meteorological satellite (FY means Feng Yun, Wind and Cloud) in a sun-synchronized orbit of 850-km altitude and at an inclination of 98.8 . The scanning mechanism rotates at variable velocity comprising several acceleration / deceleration phases during each revolution. The Scanning Mechanism contains two output shafts, each rotating a parabolic offset Antenna Reflector. The mechanism is operated in closed loop by means of redundant control electronics. MWHS is a sounding radiometer for measurement of global atmospheric water vapour profiles. An Engineering Qualification Model was developed and qualified and a first Flight Model was launched early 2008. The system is now working for more than two years successful in orbit. A second Flight Model of the Antenna Scanning Mechanism and of its associated control electronics was built and delivered to the customer for application on the follow-on spacecraft that will be launched by the end of 2010

Long-term Reconstruction and Analysis of White River Streamflow

A 281-year reconstruction of White River annual runoff at Clarendon, Arkansas, was developed from a regional average of nine Oklahoma, Missouri, and Arkansas tree-ring chronologies (six post oak, Quercus stellata, and three baldcypress, Taxodium distichum). Inhomogeneity of the gaged series was detected with both double mass analysis (using state average total annual Arkansas precipitation) and regression (using the regional tree-ring average). Simple regression calibrated the homogeneous runoff data with the average ring width data from 1930 to 1980. Comparing the reconstruction with independent data verified the regression model. Variance of the reconstruction increases significantly during the 20th century, a change that may be caused by climatic shifts or by anthropogenic disturbances in the watershed. Years of surplus and deficit runoff are non-randomly distributed in both gaged and reconstructed series. This non-randomness appears to be caused by a significant tendency for inter-annual persistence of runoff extremes, which may provide a basis for improvement of probabilistic forecasts of White River runoff

Dominância fiscal : uma investigação empírica sobre o caso brasileiro no período de 2003 a 2014

A estabilização econômica dos anos de 1990 e a adoção do tripé econômico, a partir de 1999, marcam o fim de um capítulo delicado da história brasileira; a partir de então, era necessária a existência de certa sintonia de políticas monetária e fiscal para a manutenção do controle dos diversos indicadores econômicos. Contudo, com essa reciprocidade na política econômica, são incitadas discussões sobre a orientação do governo na hora de definir suas prioridades nesse campo: as variáveis fiscais são priorizadas e, por conseguinte, determinadas, forçando as monetárias a se ajustarem – ou o contrário? A resposta para esse questionamento leva à discussão sobre a dominância fiscal. Assim, esse trabalho visa verificar empiricamente, usando das modelagens econométricas VAR e estudo de eventos, se há dominância fiscal ou monetária na economia brasileira e se a eficácia da política monetária mudou na transição do governo Lula para o governo Dilma. O resultado foi inconclusivo para o governo Lula e indicou dominância fiscal no governo Dilma. Ainda verificou-se não haver modificação na eficácia da política monetária.Economic stabilization, in the 1990s, and utilization of an economic tripod, after 1999, represents the end of a delicate chapter in Brazilian history. Ever since, it was necessary the existence of a certain agreement between monetary and fiscal politic, in order to maintain under control a variety of economic indicators. However, this reciprocity (in economic politic) starts discussions about the real government orientations when it comes to define its priority on this subject: are the fiscal variables priorized, and then, determined, forcing monetary variables to adjust themselves, or the opposite? The answer to these questions emerge from the fiscal dominance discussion. This paper intends to empiric verify, using econometric modeling VAR and event study, if there is fiscal dominance or monetary in Brazilian economy and whether the effectiveness of monetary politic has changed in the transition from Lula's government to the Dilma government. The result was inconclusive for the Lula government and indicated fiscal dominance in the Dilma government. There was still no change in the efficiency of the monetary politic.CAPE

Produção escrita e educação do campo: um estudo de caso em uma escola de ensino fundamental do município de domingos Martins-ES

A presente pesquisa, desenvolvida na linha Cultura, Currículo e Formação de Educadores, pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação PPGE do Centro de Educação- CE da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, tem como objetivo investigar as práticas escolares de produção escrita em uma turma dos Anos Finais do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola campesina do município de Domingos Martins, Estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil. Como são as práticas escolares de produção escrita em uma escola do campo? Os referenciais teóricos beneficiaram discussões com Freire (2013) e Arroyo (2007) para explanarmos as situações de opressão na Educação do Campo; Bakhtin (2010, 2013) e Geraldi (2013) para conduzirem a análise das práticas escolares de produção escrita; e Candau (2012), para tratarmos da interculturalidade, reflexão que se faz necessária ao se pensar em uma educação que considera a diversidade cultural, histórica e social dos sujeitos. Optamos, nesta pesquisa, pela abordagem qualitativa, conforme nos apresenta Ludke e André (2006). O Estudo de Caso favoreceu a nossa participação no ambiente escolar, para registro e análise de práticas escolares voltadas à linguagem escrita, e utilizamos a observação participante, a entrevista, a análise documental, o questionário e o grupo focal para a produção dos dados. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstram que a escola tem proporcionado práticas escolares diferenciadas, ligadas à realidade dos educandos, com o objetivo de valorizar a cultura campesina e estimular a produção escrita dos estudantes. No entanto, as produções têm priorizado os textos pragmáticos e referenciais, em detrimento de produções de textos literários. A formação continuada de educadores tem contribuído para a reflexão e mudança nas práticas escolares de produção escrita

Virtual field trips as an educational and motivational strategy to teach Iowa history

There is a lack of research surrounding the use of virtual field trips (VFT) in education, specifically social studies education. This study seeks to examine the VFT as a possible instructional tool that will motivate students, increase understanding and promote deeper learning. The research focuses on three specific questions: In what ways do virtual field trips motivate students to learn about social studies and history? What is the nature of learning in a virtual field trip? How is student achievement impacted as measured by student achievement improve as measured by traditional assessments (multiple choice exams or written tests) after participating in a virtual field trip? Through the use of a mixed methods study, using both quantitative and qualitative data, the study found that while there was an increase in success on traditional assessments, greater understanding was shown by students through the use of the presentation assessment. It was also highlighted that students with already high motivation and success levels performed well during the intervention and students with already documented low motivation and achievement levels did not show greater academic gains as a result of the intervention. The study found that, while the VFT appears to be a successful and innovative use of technology in the classroom, there is not significant evidence that the VFT was the direct cause of academic improvement. The study suggests the need for further research on the use of VFTs in the social studies classroom and the need to design a variety of pedagogical approaches to use these VFTs with students of varying motivation and academic achievement levels