Magyarországi orvostanhallgatók Bázelben készült disszertációinak szerepe a hazai orvostársadalom ismereteinek alakításában a 18. században

THE ROLE OF THE DISSERTATIONS OF HUNGARIAN MEDICAL STUDENTS IN BASEL IN THE KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT OF HUNGARIAN MEDICAL COMMUNITIES IN THE 18TH CENTURY. Medical professionals acquired new knowledge for the medical practice not from scientiic journals, as today, but from books, academic thesis, disputes, dissertations received through the correspondence with Western-European professors and the mediation of students studying abroad. he university in Basel was popular among modern Hungarian protestants, but only some studied medicine, and only 5 people wrote a medical dissertation. Presumably students distributed these works amongs themselves, and they were not particularly used in the every day work of medical practicioners. hese dissertations were included in few Hungarian collections (Debrecen, Sárospatak) opposed to more popular theological works

Gáborjáni Szabó Botond: Kazay Sámuel és a Debreceni Kollégium

Recenzió: Gáborjáni Szabó Botond, Kazay Sámuel és a Debreceni Kollégium, Egy könyvgyűjtő patikus élete és gyűjteménynek sorsa – feje - zet a historia litteraria magyarországi tör - ténetéből, Debrecen, Tiszántúli Református Egyházkerületi Gyűjtemények, 2014, [498] p. (A Tiszántúli Református Egyházkerületi Gyűj - temények kiadványai, 1

The Spread of Deism in the Reformed Church in the South Eastern Region of the Kingdom of Hungary at the Turn of the 18th-19th Century

Deism is one of the branches of radical Enlightenment which states that God creates the World, but he does not intervene into its operation. Theological dogmas are completely useless because these rules are not necessary for the prosperity of people. These ideas were very dangerous to Christianity; however, they were widespread in many parts of Europe in the 18th century. The Reformed Diocese of Békés was located in the south eastern area of the Kingdom of Hungary, whose followers practised an essentially rural way of life; therefore, they hardly read any scientific and philosophical works. In spite of this fact, the spread of the ideas characteristic of deism can be observed in numerous dioceses. The reception of deism in southeast Hungary can be witnessed not in the traditional intellectual documents (school curriculum, translations, and philosophical treatises), but in the documents of the ecclesiastical government: Church attendance records, documents of the proceedings of the ecclesiastical courts. With the detailed analysis of the ecclesiastical administration documents of the Reformed Church, this study investigates how folk religion relates to deism and the criticism of religion by the radical Enlightenment

Widows’ and Orphans’ Funds at the End of the 18th Century : An Attempt of the Békés Reformed Diocese to Establish a Widows’ and Orphan’ Fund

The system of widows’ pension, orphans’ benefit, and old-age pension was established at the end of the 19th century; however, self-funding also had its antecedents in the early modern period. In Protestant churches, there is evidence that pastors tried to care for their widows and orphans from the 16th century onward. The first fund for the widows and orphans of ministers was established in the Reformed Diocese of Békés in the southeastern part of the Kingdom of Hungary in 1790. The institution, however, could not survive due to lack of capital