Information till föräldrar som fått ett barn med funktionsnedsättning : exemplet Downs syndrom

Detta kapitel handlar om arbetet med att utforma riktlinjer för hur  man möter och ger stöd till föräldrar som fått ett barn med funktionsnedsätt- ning (Downs syndrom). Tidsmässigt rör det om den första tiden för föräldrarna, om vad som sägs till dem och vad som görs inom förloss- nings- och barnsjukvården. Hur reagerar föräldrarna i den för dem nya, oväntade, okända och sannolikt skrämmande situationen? Vad vill för- äldrarna ha och vad behöver de ha och inte minst vad ges de för initialt omhändertagande? De nya nationella medicinska riktlinjerna har för första gången fått ett eget avsnitt som handlar om just detta första om- händertagande. Avsnittet har sin utgångspunkt i både beprövad erfaren- het och empirisk forskning. Vårdprogrammet presenterades 21 mars 2013. Detta arbete kan också ses som ett exempel på hur man kan ”fånga upp” ett vårdproblem från empirin, processa det genom  forskningsprocessen och hur man sedan implementera resultatet åter till empirin

Information till föräldrar som fått ett barn med funktionsnedsättning : exemplet Downs syndrom

Detta kapitel handlar om arbetet med att utforma riktlinjer för hur  man möter och ger stöd till föräldrar som fått ett barn med funktionsnedsätt- ning (Downs syndrom). Tidsmässigt rör det om den första tiden för föräldrarna, om vad som sägs till dem och vad som görs inom förloss- nings- och barnsjukvården. Hur reagerar föräldrarna i den för dem nya, oväntade, okända och sannolikt skrämmande situationen? Vad vill för- äldrarna ha och vad behöver de ha och inte minst vad ges de för initialt omhändertagande? De nya nationella medicinska riktlinjerna har för första gången fått ett eget avsnitt som handlar om just detta första om- händertagande. Avsnittet har sin utgångspunkt i både beprövad erfaren- het och empirisk forskning. Vårdprogrammet presenterades 21 mars 2013. Detta arbete kan också ses som ett exempel på hur man kan ”fånga upp” ett vårdproblem från empirin, processa det genom  forskningsprocessen och hur man sedan implementera resultatet åter till empirin

Swedish Parents of Children with Down Syndrome : A study on the initial information and support, and the subsequent daily life

In this study 165 Swedish parents of young children with Downs’s syndrome (DS) were investigated regarding their perception of the quality of the first information and support received after the birth of the child. The parents’ opinions were compared with clinical routines at the paediatric clinics regarding these issues. Strong clinical ambitions fell short, however, since 70 % of the parents felt insufficiently informed; 56 % felt unsupported, and the timing of the disclosure varied between 0 hour to >5 days. On the basis of a grounded theory analysis the parents’ written narratives regarding the quality of the first information and support were analysed to better understand the reasons underlying the parental dissatisfaction. Criticisms were raised by the parents concerning: the low communication skills by professionals; the lack of privacy; too much negative information; and an unmet desire to early meet other DS parents. The implications of being DS parents regarding their daily life were examined by measuring parental health, stress, sense of coherence, employment and sick leave rates. Results were compared with those in a randomly selected group of parents of healthy age-matched children. The similarities between the DS and control parents were more pronounced than the differences regarding divorce rates, siblings in the family, time spent on child care, employment and sick leave rates, and their self-perceived health, stress, and sense of coherence. However, self-perceived health of the DS mothers was impaired and stress was increased. A small group of DS parents (5 mothers and 1 father) had an extremely high rate of sick leave and no such group was seen in the control parents. In addition, the DS mothers stayed at home because of the child’s sickness most frequently and the DS fathers stayed at home for this reason more than control mothers. Conclusions: Existing guidelines for optimal first information and support of new parents of children with DS are not always followed in Sweden. Qualitative clinical improvements from the parents’ perspective are proposed. Most DS parents live an ordinary family life in respect to the measured parameters, but the risk for health deterioration, particularly in DS mothers, might need attention

Active parents-active children : a study among families with children and adolescents with Down Syndrome.

From a public health perspective, it is important that children with Down syndrome (DS) lay the foundations of physical activity (PA) early in life to keep active in school, as teenagers and as adults. The aims were to investigate PA patterns in children and adolescents with DS, as well as their parents' and siblings' PA patterns. METHODS: A survey was performed among 310 families with children with DS (54% boys and 46% girls) aged 8-18 years (mean 14.04, SD 3.18) in Sweden. Chi-squared tests and multiple logistic regression were carried out. RESULTS: Nineteen percent of children and adolescents with DS and 34% of the parents were active three or more times per week. The child's PA level was significantly associated with parents' PA (OR = 5.5), siblings' PA (OR = 5.1) and the child's locomotion ability (OR = 3.5). Physically active parents had active children to a greater extent than inactive parents (59% vs. 29%; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Physically active parents have active children. To promote PA among children and adolescents with DS, it is important to promote and pay attention to the parents' and siblings' PA behavior, as children with DS are dependent on support from the family

Fysiskt aktiv respektive stillasittande livsstil hos barn och ungdomar med Downs syndrom

Kapitlet handlar om barn och ungdomar med Downs syndrom och deras möjligheter till fysisk aktivitet. Texten startar med att förklara vad Downs syndrom är och vilka svårigheter som kan uppstå vid fysisk aktivitet. Därefter beskrivs WHO:s rekommendationer för fysisk aktivitet för barn och ungdomar och sist kommer en beskrivning av en studie vi har genomfört med barn och ungdomar i åldrarna 8–18 år. Alla barn behöver röra på sig för att utvecklas optimalt. Det gäller även barn med Downs syndrom

An explorative study comparing the knowledge of tobacco use and tobacco cessation program among school going boys and girls : a study in Ahmedabad district in Western India

Abstract: Introduction: Dermatoglyphics is the study of finger prints from toes, fingers palms, and soles of animals and humans. Dermatoglyphic examination is opening up as an exceptionally tool for initial investigations into circumstances with an alleged genetic basis. The current study was conducted to determine worthiness of dermatoglyphics in prophesying genetic vulnerability of children to dental caries via cost-effective means. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study was undertaken on 100 children of age group between 4–14 years divided equally into two groups namely: Caries-free group (def/DMF score “0”) and Caries group (def/DMF score more than or equal to “5”). Both were subdivided into 25 males and 25 females. Each child’s handprints were taken and observed for dermatoglyphic pattern; total finger ridge count TFRc and atd angle. Results: Whorls were found more in caries group whereas ulnar loops were more common in caries free group. Total finger ridge count was significantly higher in caries group. The atd angles did not show any significant differences among caries and caries free group. Conclusion: Dermatoglyphic pattern variation may be an impor-tant tool in identification of people at risk of developing dental caries, which will enable an early detection and prevention of the disease

An explorative study comparing the knowledge of tobacco use and tobacco cessation program among school going boys and girls : a study in Ahmedabad district in Western India

Abstract: Introduction: Dermatoglyphics is the study of finger prints from toes, fingers palms, and soles of animals and humans. Dermatoglyphic examination is opening up as an exceptionally tool for initial investigations into circumstances with an alleged genetic basis. The current study was conducted to determine worthiness of dermatoglyphics in prophesying genetic vulnerability of children to dental caries via cost-effective means. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study was undertaken on 100 children of age group between 4–14 years divided equally into two groups namely: Caries-free group (def/DMF score “0”) and Caries group (def/DMF score more than or equal to “5”). Both were subdivided into 25 males and 25 females. Each child’s handprints were taken and observed for dermatoglyphic pattern; total finger ridge count TFRc and atd angle. Results: Whorls were found more in caries group whereas ulnar loops were more common in caries free group. Total finger ridge count was significantly higher in caries group. The atd angles did not show any significant differences among caries and caries free group. Conclusion: Dermatoglyphic pattern variation may be an impor-tant tool in identification of people at risk of developing dental caries, which will enable an early detection and prevention of the disease

Lessons learned from child health care nurses' experiences of teaching infant massage groups: A qualitative interview‐based study

Abstract Aim To describe child health care nurses' experiences of teaching infant massage in parent groups. Design This was an exploratory‐descriptive qualitative study based on individual interviews. Method Qualitative semi‐structured interviews were conducted with child health care nurses (N = 9) according to the COREQ guidelines and analyzed with qualitative content analysis. Results Five categories were identified: (1) Infant massage can promote attachment between parents/guardians and their children; (2) Infant massage can have a calming impact; (3) Stress and lack of time can be challenging; (4) The composition of parent groups can be important and (5) The child health care nurse can observe parents'/guardians' relationships with their children. Child health care nurses are uniquely familiar with infant massage and the benefits it provides both parents/guardians and their infants. Specifically, infant massage has a calming effect that reduces stress and strengthens the relationship between infants and their parents/guardians. Patient or Public Contribution Child health care nurses were interviewed

Lessons learned from child health care nurses' experiences of teaching infant massage groups: A qualitative interview‐based study

AimTo describe child health care nurses' experiences of teaching infant massage in parent groups.DesignThis was an exploratory-descriptive qualitative study based on individual interviews.MethodQualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with child health care nurses (N = 9) according to the COREQ guidelines and analyzed with qualitative content analysis.ResultsFive categories were identified: (1) Infant massage can promote attachment between parents/guardians and their children; (2) Infant massage can have a calming impact; (3) Stress and lack of time can be challenging; (4) The composition of parent groups can be important and (5) The child health care nurse can observe parents'/guardians' relationships with their children. Child health care nurses are uniquely familiar with infant massage and the benefits it provides both parents/guardians and their infants. Specifically, infant massage has a calming effect that reduces stress and strengthens the relationship between infants and their parents/guardians