USE OF GEOSPACIAL TECHNIQUES TO SUBSIDY THE CADASTRAL SURVEY OF ISOLATED PROPERTIES IN THE SOUTH-MATOGROSSEN PANTANAL AREA UNDER THE UNIVERSALIZATION OF ACCESS TO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

The universal access to electricity is a very important issue for the country because it is directly related to economic and social development. In this context, Energisa Mato Grosso do Sul, which holds the power concession and distribution for the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, is looking for technical solutions economically viable to universalize the rural area at the Pantanal Sul-Matogrossense that presents challenges due to its extremely peculiar geographical, climatic and environmental characteristics. Therefore, this paper aims to subsidize the planning stages and cadastral survey of individual properties from the South Pantanal area, using geospatial techniques. These techniques include the cartographic mapping of the study area, the spatial analysis of georeferenced data and the development and customization of Geographical Information Systems (GIS). The results are almost 35 thousand linear kilometers of access roads and more than 16 thousand buildings have been mapped, of which at least 29% are still not served by the electricity distribution network. Systems to subsidize the navigation and cadastre the isolated properties were also customized and developed. All of these inputs that allowed the planning and survey steps in the field are carried out with greater efficiency and assertivenes

Revisiting the implications of Liouville's theorem to the anisotropy of cosmic rays

We present a solution to Liouville's equation for an ensemble of charged particles propagating in magnetic fields. The solution is presented using an expansion in spherical harmonics of the phase space density, allowing a direct interpretation of the distribution of arrival directions of cosmic rays. The results are found for chosen conditions of variability and source distributions. We show there are two conditions for an initially isotropic flux of particles to remain isotropic while traveling through a magnetic field: isotropy and homogeneity of the sources. The formalism is used to analyze the data measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory, contributing to the understanding of the dependence of the dipole amplitude with energy and predicting the energy in which the quadrupole signal should be measured

Mustard carbonate analogues

Sulfur and nitrogen (half-)mustard carbonate analogues are a new class of compounds, easily synthesized by methoxycarbonylation reaction of the parent alcohols with dialkyl carbonates. In this work, their reactivity as novel, green electrophiles is reported. Reactions have been conducted in autoclave conditions at high temperature (180 °C), under pressure and in absence of any base, as well as, in neat at atmospheric pressure, lower temperature (150 °C) and in the presence of a catalytic amount of a base. Several nucleophiles have been investigated resulting, in some cases, in unexpected compounds, i.e., six-membered heterocycle piperidine. Reaction mechanism and kinetics have been studied confirming that these compounds retain the anchimeric effect of their mustard gas analogues, without being toxic. Noteworthy, a symmetrical nitrogen mustard carbonate has also been employed as reagent in the preparation of a new family of macrocycles i.e., azacrowns, before not easily accessible