148 research outputs found
VGSG: Vision-Guided Semantic-Group Network for Text-based Person Search
Text-based Person Search (TBPS) aims to retrieve images of target pedestrian
indicated by textual descriptions. It is essential for TBPS to extract
fine-grained local features and align them crossing modality. Existing methods
utilize external tools or heavy cross-modal interaction to achieve explicit
alignment of cross-modal fine-grained features, which is inefficient and
time-consuming. In this work, we propose a Vision-Guided Semantic-Group Network
(VGSG) for text-based person search to extract well-aligned fine-grained visual
and textual features. In the proposed VGSG, we develop a Semantic-Group Textual
Learning (SGTL) module and a Vision-guided Knowledge Transfer (VGKT) module to
extract textual local features under the guidance of visual local clues. In
SGTL, in order to obtain the local textual representation, we group textual
features from the channel dimension based on the semantic cues of language
expression, which encourages similar semantic patterns to be grouped implicitly
without external tools. In VGKT, a vision-guided attention is employed to
extract visual-related textual features, which are inherently aligned with
visual cues and termed vision-guided textual features. Furthermore, we design a
relational knowledge transfer, including a vision-language similarity transfer
and a class probability transfer, to adaptively propagate information of the
vision-guided textual features to semantic-group textual features. With the
help of relational knowledge transfer, VGKT is capable of aligning
semantic-group textual features with corresponding visual features without
external tools and complex pairwise interaction. Experimental results on two
challenging benchmarks demonstrate its superiority over state-of-the-art
methods.Comment: Accepted to IEEE TI
MeViS: A Large-scale Benchmark for Video Segmentation with Motion Expressions
This paper strives for motion expressions guided video segmentation, which
focuses on segmenting objects in video content based on a sentence describing
the motion of the objects. Existing referring video object datasets typically
focus on salient objects and use language expressions that contain excessive
static attributes that could potentially enable the target object to be
identified in a single frame. These datasets downplay the importance of motion
in video content for language-guided video object segmentation. To investigate
the feasibility of using motion expressions to ground and segment objects in
videos, we propose a large-scale dataset called MeViS, which contains numerous
motion expressions to indicate target objects in complex environments. We
benchmarked 5 existing referring video object segmentation (RVOS) methods and
conducted a comprehensive comparison on the MeViS dataset. The results show
that current RVOS methods cannot effectively address motion expression-guided
video segmentation. We further analyze the challenges and propose a baseline
approach for the proposed MeViS dataset. The goal of our benchmark is to
provide a platform that enables the development of effective language-guided
video segmentation algorithms that leverage motion expressions as a primary cue
for object segmentation in complex video scenes. The proposed MeViS dataset has
been released at https://henghuiding.github.io/MeViS.Comment: ICCV 2023, Project Page: https://henghuiding.github.io/MeViS
MOSE: A New Dataset for Video Object Segmentation in Complex Scenes
Video object segmentation (VOS) aims at segmenting a particular object
throughout the entire video clip sequence. The state-of-the-art VOS methods
have achieved excellent performance (e.g., 90+% J&F) on existing datasets.
However, since the target objects in these existing datasets are usually
relatively salient, dominant, and isolated, VOS under complex scenes has rarely
been studied. To revisit VOS and make it more applicable in the real world, we
collect a new VOS dataset called coMplex video Object SEgmentation (MOSE) to
study the tracking and segmenting objects in complex environments. MOSE
contains 2,149 video clips and 5,200 objects from 36 categories, with 431,725
high-quality object segmentation masks. The most notable feature of MOSE
dataset is complex scenes with crowded and occluded objects. The target objects
in the videos are commonly occluded by others and disappear in some frames. To
analyze the proposed MOSE dataset, we benchmark 18 existing VOS methods under 4
different settings on the proposed MOSE dataset and conduct comprehensive
comparisons. The experiments show that current VOS algorithms cannot well
perceive objects in complex scenes. For example, under the semi-supervised VOS
setting, the highest J&F by existing state-of-the-art VOS methods is only 59.4%
on MOSE, much lower than their ~90% J&F performance on DAVIS. The results
reveal that although excellent performance has been achieved on existing
benchmarks, there are unresolved challenges under complex scenes and more
efforts are desired to explore these challenges in the future. The proposed
MOSE dataset has been released at https://henghuiding.github.io/MOSE.Comment: MOSE Dataset Repor
Weight-based Channel-model Matrix Framework provides a reasonable solution for EEG-based cross-dataset emotion recognition
Cross-dataset emotion recognition as an extremely challenging task in the
field of EEG-based affective computing is influenced by many factors, which
makes the universal models yield unsatisfactory results. Facing the situation
that lacks EEG information decoding research, we first analyzed the impact of
different EEG information(individual, session, emotion and trial) for emotion
recognition by sample space visualization, sample aggregation phenomena
quantification, and energy pattern analysis on five public datasets. Based on
these phenomena and patterns, we provided the processing methods and
interpretable work of various EEG differences. Through the analysis of
emotional feature distribution patterns, the Individual Emotional Feature
Distribution Difference(IEFDD) was found, which was also considered as the main
factor of the stability for emotion recognition. After analyzing the
limitations of traditional modeling approach suffering from IEFDD, the
Weight-based Channel-model Matrix Framework(WCMF) was proposed. To reasonably
characterize emotional feature distribution patterns, four weight extraction
methods were designed, and the optimal was the correction T-test(CT) weight
extraction method. Finally, the performance of WCMF was validated on
cross-dataset tasks in two kinds of experiments that simulated different
practical scenarios, and the results showed that WCMF had more stable and
better emotion recognition ability.Comment: 18 pages, 12 figures, 8 table
Anti-inflammatory effect of dental pulp stem cells
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have received a lot of attention as a regenerative medicine tool with strong immunomodulatory capabilities. The excessive inflammatory response involves a variety of immune cells, cytokines, and has a considerable impact on tissue regeneration. The use of DPSCs for controlling inflammation for the purpose of treating inflammation-related diseases and autoimmune disorders such as supraspinal nerve inflammation, inflammation of the pulmonary airways, systemic lupus erythematosus, and diabetes mellitus is likely to be safer and more regenerative than traditional medicines. The mechanism of the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of DPSCs is relatively complex, and it may be that they themselves or some of the substances they secrete regulate a variety of immune cells through inflammatory immune-related signaling pathways. Most of the current studies are still at the laboratory cellular level and animal model level, and it is believed that through the efforts of more researchers, DPSCs/SHED are expected to be transformed into excellent drugs for the clinical treatment of related diseases
Tunable van Hove singularity without structural instability in Kagome metal CsTiBi
In Kagome metal CsVSb, multiple intertwined orders are accompanied by
both electronic and structural instabilities. These exotic orders have
attracted much recent attention, but their origins remain elusive. The newly
discovered CsTiBi is a Ti-based Kagome metal to parallel CsVSb.
Here, we report angle-resolved photoemission experiments and first-principles
calculations on pristine and Cs-doped CsTiBi samples. Our results
reveal that the van Hove singularity (vHS) in CsTiBi can be tuned in a
large energy range without structural instability, different from that in
CsVSb. As such, CsTiBi provides a complementary platform to
disentangle and investigate the electronic instability with a tunable vHS in
Kagome metals
Effect of dendrobium mixture in alleviating diabetic cognitive impairment associated with regulating gut microbiota
Dendrobium mixture (DM) is a patent Chinese herbal formulation consisting of Dendrobii Caulis, Astragali Radix, Rehmanniae Radix as the main ingredients. DM has been shown to alleviate diabetic related symptoms attributed to its anti-hyperglycaemic and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the effect on diabetic induced cognitive dysfunction has not been investigated. This study aims to investigate the effect of DM in improving diabetic cognitive impairment and associated mechanisms. Our study confirmed the anti-hyperglycaemic effect of DM and showed its capacity to restore the cognitive and memory function in high fat/high glucose and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The neuroprotective effect was manifested as improved learning and memory behaviours, restored blood-brain barrier tight junction, and enhanced expressions of neuronal survival related biomarkers. DM protected the colon tight junction, and
effectively lowered the circulated proinflammatory mediators including tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and lipopolysaccharides. In the gut microbiota, DM corrected the increase in the abundance of Firmicutes, the increase in the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes, and the decrease in the abundance of Bacteroidetes in diabetic rats. It also reversed the abundance of Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus and Allobaculum genera. Short chain fatty acids, isobutyric acid and ethylmethylacetic acid, were negatively and significantly correlated to Ruminococcus and Allobaculum. Isovaleric acid was positively and significantly correlated with Lactobacillus, which all contributing to the improvement in glucose level, systemic inflammation and cognitive function in diabetic rats.
Our results demonstrated the potential of DM as a promising therapeutic agent in treating diabetic cognitive impairment and the underlying mechanism may be associated with regulating gut microbiota
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