A conjecture on the primitive degree of Tensors

In this paper, we prove: Let A be a nonnegative primitive tensor with order m and dimension n. Then its primitive degree R(A)\leq (n-1)^2+1, and the upper bound is sharp. This confirms a conjecture of Shao [7].Comment: 8 page

Location problem for manufacturing scrappedwaste materials recycling centers

"December 2013.""A Dissertation presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School at the University of Missouri--Columbia In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science."Thesis supervisor: Dr. Bin Wu.Recycling has been being an important topic for a long time and more and more people have started to realize the necessity. In despite of different social environments, governments encourage people to care about daily life recycling concerning natural resource crisis and environmental pollution. Recycling in a manufacturing system needs more attention due to the huge amount of scrapped/waste materials; however, the recycling situation in manufacturing is more complex than daily life because of the potential cost and global economy environment. The main objective for manufacturing business is to make profit; recycling makes sense for a profit organization only if it is cost effective. For manufacturers, one important part of recycling cost is transportation, especially when most manufacturing companies are struggling under the current economic situation, and they trash scrapped/waste materials to bring up the profit. This paper proposes a recycling system isolated from the manufacturers, focusing on collecting valuable scrapped/waste materials. Given the recycled material market situation, minimizing the cost is critical to keep the recycling profitable. Among the different parts of the cost, transportation cost is not affected by recycling technology. This study solved one manufacturing scrapped/waste materials recycling center location problem based on a hypothesis that State of Missouri plans to build a recycling system mainly for the manufacturing industry of Missouri. This paper presents two models whose objectives are to maximize profit; the first model was verified by data from past and the second model predicts the future situation based on forecasted data with the help of a basic grey system forecasting model.Includes bibliographical references (pages 44-47)

Soft phototactic swimmer based on self-sustained hydrogel oscillator.

Oscillations are widely found in living organisms to generate propulsion-based locomotion often driven by constant ambient conditions, such as phototactic movements. Such environment-powered and environment-directed locomotions may advance fully autonomous remotely steered robots. However, most man-made oscillations require nonconstant energy input and cannot perform environment-dictated movement. Here, we report a self-sustained soft oscillator that exhibits perpetual and untethered locomotion as a phototactic soft swimming robot, remotely fueled and steered by constant visible light. This particular out-of-equilibrium actuation arises from a self-shadowing-enabled negative feedback loop inherent in the dynamic light-material interactions, promoted by the fast and substantial volume change of the photoresponsive hydrogel. Our analytical model and governing equation unveil the oscillation mechanism and design principle with key parameters identified to tune the dynamics. On this autonomous oscillator platform, we establish a broadly applicable principle for converting a continuous input into a discontinuous output. The modular design can be customized to accommodate various forms of input energy and to generate diverse oscillatory behaviors. The hydrogel oscillator showcases agile life-like omnidirectional motion in the entire three-dimensional space with near-infinite degrees of freedom. The large force generated by the powerful and long-lasting oscillation can sufficiently overcome water damping and effectively self-propel away from a light source. Such a hydrogel oscillator-based all-soft swimming robot, named OsciBot, demonstrated high-speed and controllable phototactic locomotion. This autonomous robot is battery free, deployable, scalable, and integratable. Artificial phototaxis opens broad opportunities in maneuverable marine automated systems, miniaturized transportation, and solar sails

Driving the Use of Enterprise Social Media at Work: A Framework for Employees’ Adoption

More and more organizations are using enterprise social media (ESM) to improve the efficiency of communication and collaboration. Although many studies have tried to investigate employees’ adoption of this technology, most only provide limited insights and fail to capture the differences between ESM and other information systems used in organizations. In this article, we introduce a framework for enterprise social media adoption at the individual level. Our framework is based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) and enterprise social media affordances. It is necessary to divide employees’ usage behavior into three types: not use, contribute, and lurk. We propose that the affordances initiate new types of factors that drive the three types of employees’ usage behavior differently

1-(2-Methoxy­anilino)anthraquinone

In the title compound, C21H15NO3, the dihedral angle formed between the aromatic ring systems is 71.50 (3)°. The meth­oxy group is coplanar with the benzene ring to which it is connected, the C—O—C—C torsion angle being 6.37 (17)°. The observed conformation is stabilized by an intra­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond, generating an S(6) ring