Dysplasia Epiphysealis Hemimelica of The Trochlear Epiphysis

Dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica is an uncommon disorder primarily involving the epiphyes of the lower extremities. We report imaging findings of a case of dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica involving the trochlear epiphysis of the humerus. Conventional radiography showed irregular ossification in the area of trochlear epiphysis, the finding thought to be diagnostic of this discorder. However, other imaging modalities, such as double contrast arthrography, computed tomography and MR imaging, provided valuable information about the nature and extent of the epiphyseal pathology

Study of Normal Fissures Seen on Posteroanterior and Left Lateral Chest Radiographs

This study included consecutive 318 pairs of posteroanterior (PA) and left lateral (LL) chest radiographs taken under routinely used conditions with the patients in erect position. Major, minor and accessory fissures visualized on these radiographs were described according to their visibility, position, length and shape. On PA chest radiographs, superolateral major fissures in 54 (17%), superomedial major fissures in 20 (6%), minor fissures in 234 (74%), inferior accessory fissures in 19 (6%), superior accessory fissures in 12 (4%), left minor fissures in 16 (5%) and azygos fissure in 2 (0.6%) patients were seen. On LL chest radiographs, 266 (84%) right major fissures, 242 (76%) left major fissures, 210 (66%) minor fissures and 6 (2%) superior accessory fissures were seen. We have described the frequencies of various orientations, shapes and lengths of these fissures. This study not only supports the common knowledge of the appearances of pulmonary fissures but also explains numerically the various frequencies of these common patterns and variations seen in practice

High-Resolution CT Evaluation of Ground-Glass Opacity In Diffuse Lung Disease

Ground-glass opacity of the lung is often demonstrated on high-resolution CT (HRCT) in various diffuse lung diseases. Ground-glass opacity generally results from minimal thickening of the alveolar interstitium or partial filling in the alveolar spaces. We classify diffuse infiltrative lung diseases into two clinical categories, namely, noninfectious and infectious lung disease. In noninfectious lung disease, although ground-glass opacity can be observed as an isolated finding, it is commonly observed to be combined with other findings such as centrilobular micronodules, interlobular septal thickening, and cystic air-spaces. These associated findings may be important for the differential diagnosis. Ground-glass opacity may also be seen as a consequence of increased capillary blood volume in redistribution of blood flow. This condition of hemodynamic origin is observed in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, airway disease, and vascular lung disease. Although ground-glass opacity is a nonspecific finding, it can suggest a specific diagnosis in certain clinical circumstances or indicate a potentially treatable disease. Therefore, accurate recognition and differential diagnosis of ground-glass opacity are important

In-111-labeled Leukocyte Scintigraphy in Postoperative Joint Infection

To evaluate the role of In-111-labeled leukocyte scintigraphy in the patients with suspected postoperative joint infection, 41 scintigraphic examinations were performed in 24 patients. Scintigrams were interpreted by the degree of accumulation of labeled leukocytes, and were classified into 3 groups: positive, intermediate, and negative. In the cases of positive leukocyte scans, definite diagnosis of infection was made in all cases except one. In the cases of negative scans, there was no evidence of infection. In 13 cases, leukocyte scintigrams were interpreted in conjunction with bone scintigrams. Definite diagnosis of infection was made in all of the cases with positive combined leukocyte/bone scan, and there was no evidence of infection in cases with negative combined leukocyte/bone scan. This study demonstrates that In-111-labeled leukocyte scintigraphy is a useful method in diagnosis of postoperative joint infection, and accuracy of the examination improves when combined with bone scintigraphy

Renal Oncocytoma Associated With Long-Term Hemodialysis

A 50-year old woman was admitted to our hospital for further evaluation of the right renal tumor. She had been on maintenance hemodialysis for 12 years. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a large right renal tumor. There was no central stellate scar. Angiography showed hypervascularity and tumor staining . With the pre-operative diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma, right nephrectomy was performed. The pathological diagnosis was renal oncocytoma

Epidural Calcified Sequestration of Cervical Intervertebral Disk

A 57-year-old man with epidural calcified disk sequestration in the cervical spine, which was discovered after trauma, is reported. Differentiation between cervical disk herniation and other disease entities on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was difficult. The confirmation of the presence of extradural calcification by computed tomography (CT) was helpful in the diagnosis of this disease

Pictorial Essay Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Related Disorders

In this pictorial essay we outline the role of MRI in the work-up of RA and related disorders, and discuss its strengths and limitations with the help of representative case presentations. MRI provides detailed information about the involvement of bones, joints and soft tissue, which may not be evident on radiography. Moreover, MRI often reveals changes consistent with the early inflammatory changes in the synovium and bone marrow. Contrast enhancement study, especially with fat-suppression technique, can be useful in providing objective and quantitative parameters to determine a disease activity and an effect of treatment

Pictorial review Articular and Juxtaarticular Cystic Lesions: Evaluation with MR Imaging

MR imaging is the most appropriate imaging modality for the evaluation of articular or juxtaarticular cystic lesions. Most of the cystic lesions show a typical signal intensity pattern of fluid, but debris or hemorrhage within the cyst may alter the signal intensity pattern of the cyst. The location and relationship with the surrounding structure are important for the differential diagnosis of cystic lesions. Associated joint abnormalities that include meniscus or labral tears, ligamentous injury, degeneration, and inflammation should also be evaluated