骨髄間葉系幹細胞由来細胞外小胞のアキレス腱修復効果は、細胞継代数に依存し、細胞外小胞の表面に発現する糖鎖に関連する

内容の要旨，審査の要旨広島大学(Hiroshima University)博士(医学)Doctor of Philosophy in Medical Sciencedoctora

Asymptotic Analysis on Spatial Coupling Coding for Two-Way Relay Channels

Compute-and-forward relaying is effective to increase bandwidth efficiency of wireless two-way relay channels. In a compute-and-forward scheme, a relay tries to decode a linear combination composed of transmitted messages from other terminals or relays. Design for error correcting codes and its decoding algorithms suitable for compute-and-forward relaying schemes are still important issue to be studied. In this paper, we will present an asymptotic performance analysis on LDPC codes over two-way relay channels based on density evolution (DE). Because of the asymmetric nature of the channel, we employ the population dynamics DE combined with DE formulas for asymmetric channels to obtain BP thresholds. In addition, we also evaluate the asymptotic performance of spatially coupled LDPC codes for two-way relay channels. The results indicate that the spatial coupling codes yield improvements in the BP threshold compared with corresponding uncoupled codes for two-way relay channels.Comment: 5 page

Supersymmetry Breaking and Gravitino Production after Inflation in Modular Invariant Supergravity

By using a string-inspired modular invariant supergravity, which was proved well to explain WMAP observations appropriately, a mechanism of supersymmetry breaking (SSB) and Gravitino Production just after the end of inflation are investigated. Supersymmetry is broken mainly by F-term of the inflaton superfield and the Goldstino is identified to be inflatino in this model, which fact is shown numerically. By using the canonically normalized and diagonalized scalars, the decay rates of these fields are calculated, for both the $T$ and $Y$ into gravitinos. Non-thermal production of gravitinos is not generated from the inflaton (dilaton), since the inflaton mass is lighter than gravitino, but they are produced by the decay of modular field $T$ and scalar field $Y$. Because the reheating temperature $T_R$ is about order $\sim O(10^{10})$ GeV and the mass of gravitino is $3.16 \times 10^{12}$ GeV, it is not reproduced after the reheating of the universe. The gravitinos are produced almost instantly just after the end of inflation through $Y$ and $T$, not from inflaton. Because the decay time appears very rapid, gravitinos disappear before the BBN stage of the universe. The effects of the lightest supersymmetric particles (LSP) produced by gravitinos may be important to investigate more carefully, if the LSP's are the candidate of dark matter.Comment: 11 pages, 1 figure

Dilatonic Inflation, Gravitino and Reheating in Modified Modular invariant Supergravity

A new modified string-inspired modular invariant supergravity model is proposed and is applied to realize the slow roll inflation in Einstein frame, so that the model explains WMAP observations very well. Gravitino mass and their production rate from scalar fields are estimated at certain values of parameters in the model. Seven cases of parameter choices are discussed here, among which some examples show the possibility of observation of gauginos by LHC experiments, which will give some hints of identity of dark matters. The reheating temperature, which is estimated by the stability condition of Boltzmann equation by using the decay rates of the dilaton $S$ into gauginos, is lower than the mass of gravitino. Therefore no thermal reproduction of gravitinos happens. The ratio between the scalar and tensor power spectrum is predicted to be almost the same for the seven cases under study, and its value $r \sim 6.8 \times 10^{-2}$ seems in the range possibly observed by the Planck satellite soon. The plausible supergravity model of inflation, which will be described here, will open the hope to construct a realistic theory of particles and cosmology in this framework, including yet undetected objects.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures, 2 table

Confidence in expressing novel textures - an analysis of Japanese ideophones that describe visually-induced textures

Although a close relationship between the emergence of a new expression and that of either a new object or concept is presupposed in linguistic analysis, the correlation has not been pursued thoroughly. This paper investigates how people respond to different novel textures within language. We carried out an experiment using an application that displays visually-induced texture. Participants were presented with two types of novel texture: one had a time delay between touching and the texture’s response to this and the other did not. Participants were asked to describe the texture with ideophones (sound symbolic words) in Japanese. We observed what kinds of ideophones were used and the confidence with which they were expressed, which produced two results. First, there was a significant difference between the two texture types regarding confidence. For the texture with a delay, active touch was required for subjects to express it with a high level of confidence. Second, when the expressions were made with high confidence, the texture with a delay was expressed with significantly more unconventional ideophones than that without delay

Small data global existence for the semilinear wave equation with space-time dependent damping

In this paper we consider the critical exponent problem for the semilinear wave equation with space-time dependent damping. When the damping is effective, it is expected that the critical exponent agrees with that of only space dependent coefficient case. We shall prove that there exists a unique global solution for small data if the power of nonlinearity is larger than the expected exponent. Moreover, we do not assume that the data are compactly supported. However, it is still open whether there exists a blow-up solution if the power of nonlinearity is smaller than the expected exponent