On the limits and possibilities of the stature estimating from hand and foot measurements (hand stencils and foot impressions).

This bachelor essay explains view of methods for stature estimation based on hand and foot dimensions. It appears from this view that regression functions are population specific. I have assessed this fact on the collection of 100 French students and I have applicated specific chosen regression equations on the exact group. For stature estimation the most suitable regression equation was the one created by Agnihotri and col. (2008). It provides the best results in an interval 11 up to 12 cms regarding the actual height. For one of the equations, which is using the length of the left hand and the breadth of the right hand of men, the results of the estimation is even 6 cms regarding the actual height. At the end, I tried to calculate my own equations, which offers the estimation results between 6 - 7 cms for the formulas working with the hand length, the estimation results is between 12 - 13 cms for the formulas using the breadth of the arm

Dental age assessment from panoramic radiographs in children using Moorres et al., (1963) method and its accuracy and reliability in bioarcheology

This thesis deals with estimation of age in children by using radiographs of their permanent teeth. Specifically aim of this thesis is effort to verify the accuracy and reliability of the use of one particular method and its possible use for the purposes of bioarcheology. Generally speaking, in paleoanthropology and bioarcheology are most often used two methodological approaches. One method is proposed by Demirjian and coworkers (1973) and its various modifications, the second approach is the method proposed by Moorrees and coworkers in 1963. Both methods are based on the evaluation of the degree of mineralization of the teeth, and tooth mineralization stages are compared with reference data in order to estimate dental age. The advantage of the method according Demirjian and coworkers (1973) is the fact, that it has been modified and tested only in the last decade in almost twenty different populations and demonstrated its viability especially in clinical and forensic sciences. Its disadvantage is the necessity of preservation of several mandibular teeth simultaneously, and this condition is often not satisfiable in bioarcheology (Brůžek et al. 2005). For these reasons, in bioarcheology is preferred method proposed by Moorrees and coworkers (1963), because it allows the estimation of life..

Male SIRT1 insufficiency leads to sperm with decreased ability to hyperactivate and fertilize

Deficient sperm motility is a frequent cause of the age-related male sub-/infertility. Since the protein sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) develops anti-aging action and participates in sperm motility and ATP synthesis in mitochondria, we investigated its role in the acquisition of hyperactivated motility during capacitation. For this, the dynamics of sperm subpopulations were studied, using males of Sirt1+/− heterozygous mutant mice. After 2 hr of capacitation, we observed reduced percentage of hyperactivated spermatozoa in Sirt1+/− males. Interestingly, prior to capacitation, Sirt1+/− spermatozoa showed higher mitochondrial superoxide levels, which could render mitochondrial injury and thereby motility defects. Accordingly, the fertilization rate of Sirt1+/− males after mating was decreased. We elucidated that SIRT1 male insufficiency underlies posterior sperm defects to hyperactivate during capacitation and propose Sirt1+/− males as a model for the study of the age-related infertility.This study was supported by the Charles University Research Fund (Progress Q39) and by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic, due to project No. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000787 ‘Fighting Infectious Diseases’, and the grant SVV–2020-2022 No 260 536.Peer reviewe