A first survey of the rye (Secale cereale) genome composition through BAC end sequencing of the short arm of chromosome 1R

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Rye (<it>Secale cereale </it>L.) belongs to tribe Triticeae and is an important temperate cereal. It is one of the parents of man-made species Triticale and has been used as a source of agronomically important genes for wheat improvement. The short arm of rye chromosome 1 (1RS), in particular is rich in useful genes, and as it may increase yield, protein content and resistance to biotic and abiotic stress, it has been introgressed into wheat as the 1BL.1RS translocation. A better knowledge of the rye genome could facilitate rye improvement and increase the efficiency of utilizing rye genes in wheat breeding.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Here, we report on BAC end sequencing of 1,536 clones from two 1RS-specific BAC libraries. We obtained 2,778 (90.4%) useful sequences with a cumulative length of 2,032,538 bp and an average read length of 732 bp. These sequences represent 0.5% of 1RS arm. The GC content of the sequenced fraction of 1RS is 45.9%, and at least 84% of the 1RS arm consists of repetitive DNA. We identified transposable element junctions in BESs and developed insertion site based polymorphism markers (ISBP). Out of the 64 primer pairs tested, 17 (26.6%) were specific for 1RS. We also identified BESs carrying microsatellites suitable for development of 1RS-specific SSR markers.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This work demonstrates the utility of chromosome arm-specific BAC libraries for targeted analysis of large Triticeae genomes and provides new sequence data from the rye genome and molecular markers for the short arm of rye chromosome 1.</p

Váhy a vážení ve školním vyučování

Práce se zaměřila na využití vah a vážení ve školním vyučování. Zvláštní důraz je v ní kladen na výuku správné metodiky vážení.Dokončená práce s úspěšnou obhajobo

UV-photolytic mineralization and its analytical applications

Práce se zabývá využitím UV-fotolýzy za přítomnosti peroxidu vodíku pro mineralizace roztoků s organickou matricí. Byly ověřeny technické parametry prototypu mineralizačního zařízení AUV 1000 pro různé výkony rtuťové výbojky. Bylo sledováno odbourávání peroxidu vodíku a vybraných modelových matric s povrchově aktivní látkou v závislosti na době ozařování, hodnotě pH, množství přidávaného peroxidu vodíku a příkonu rtuťové výbojky. Mineralizace byla sledována voltametrickými metodami na stanovení zinku a kadmia. Získané poznatky byly aplikovány při mineralizaci reálných vzorků.Dokončená práce s úspěšnou obhajobo

Chromosome‐based survey sequencing reveals the genome organization of wild wheat progenitor Triticum dicoccoides

Wild emmer wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides) is the progenitor of wheat. We performed chromosome‐based survey sequencing of the 14 chromosomes, examining repetitive sequences, protein‐coding genes, miRNA/target pairs and tRNA genes, as well as syntenic relationships with related grasses. We found considerable differences in the content and distribution of repetitive sequences between the A and B subgenomes. The gene contents of individual chromosomes varied widely, not necessarily correlating with chromosome size. We catalogued candidate agronomically important loci, along with new alleles and flanking sequences that can be used to design exome sequencing. Syntenic relationships and virtual gene orders revealed several small‐scale evolutionary rearrangements, in addition to providing evidence for the 4AL‐5AL‐7BS translocation in wild emmer wheat. Chromosome‐based sequence assemblies contained five novel miRNA families, among 59 families putatively encoded in the entire genome which provide insight into the domestication of wheat and an overview of the genome content and organization.JV, MK and JD were supported by the Czech Science Foundation (award P501/12/G090) and by Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (award LO1204 from the National Program of Sustainability I). PH was funded by grants AGL2016‐77149‐C2‐1‐P, and CGL2016‐79790‐P from MINECO, Spain and by grant P12‐AGR‐0482 from Junta de Andalucia, Spain.Peer reviewe