Metachronous Colorectal Cancer in Icelandic MSH6 and PMS2 Lynch Syndrome Carriers in 1955-2017 : A Population-based Study

Funding Information: Funding The study was partially funded by the Research Fund at Landspitali University Hospital. The funder had no role in the design of the study, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data or in writing the manuscript.Peer reviewe

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction - Graft failures, surgical techniques and patient-reported outcome measures

Injuries to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) can result in increased joint laxity, which often ends participation in competitive sports and may, in the medium to long term, lead to degeneration of the knee. The occurrence of ACL injuries has increased in recent years and, today, ACL reconstruction is one of the most common procedures in orthopaedic surgery. Even though the research on ACL reconstruction is extensive, the optimal surgical technique is yet to be universally accepted. Study I is a comprehensive systematic review evaluating all the clinical studies comparing primary single- and double-bundle ACL reconstruction in the current literature. 60 studies comprising 4,146 patients were included. An analysis of graft failures revealed fewer reported re-ruptures after double-bundle (DB) reconstruction compared with single-bundle (SB), 19 and 44 respectively. However, only two of the 23 studies reporting re-ruptures reported statistical difference, both in favour of the DB reconstruction. Up to 45% of the studies revealed a superior outcome in DB reconstruction in terms of less antero-posterior (AP) laxity, and measurements of rotatory laxity revealed superior results in DB reconstruction measured with pivot shift and navigation in 18/42 and 9/20 studies respectively. The other studies found no difference. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and functional outcomes did not differ to a large extent; however, differences when identified were almost exclusively in favour of the DB reconstruction. Study II is an observational comparative study based on data from the Swedish National Knee Ligament Register over a seven-year period with a total of 22,740 primary ACL reconstructions included. The purpose was to compare ACL revision rates and PROMs between SB and DB ACL reconstructions. The study included 16,281 SB and 510 DB reconstructions, with a revision rate of 2.1% and 1.6% respectively. No differences were found in terms of either the revision rate between the groups or the KOOS or EQ-5D. Study III is a retrospective comparative study based on 251 patients between 14 and 50 years of age at the time of a primary ACL reconstruction, with a mean 3.4 ± 1.3 years follow-up, to determine predictors of ACL revision. In overall, 21 (8.4%) patients underwent an ACL revision. A multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that young age and the use of allografts at the primary reconstruction were independent predictors of an ACL revision. Study IV is a randomised controlled trial consisting of 193 patients who underwent a primary ACL reconstruction using either hamstring tendon (HT) or patellar tendon (PT) autografts, to investigate the long-term clinical and radiographic results. At the follow-up, 147 (76%) patients were examined; 86 patients in the HT group with a mean 191.9 ± 15.1 months follow-up and 61 patients in the PT group with mean 202.6 ± 10.4 months follow-up. Seven patients (8.1%) in the HT group and four patients (6.6%) in the PT group had an ACL graft failure in the ipsilateral knee, while six patients in both groups (7.0% HT group, 9.8% PT group) sustained an ACL graft failure to the contralateral knee. Knee laxity measurements revealed significantly more patients with a negative pivot shift in the HT group compared with the PT group (71% vs 51%; p=0.048); however, no differences were found in terms of AP laxity. The patients in the PT group had more difficulty knee-walking (p=0.049). There were no differences between the two groups in terms of PROMs, range of motion in the reconstructed knee or radiographic signs of osteoarthritis (OA). However, in both groups, more radiographic signs of OA were found in the reconstructed knee than in the contralateral healthy knee

Myndun Þorbjarnarfells

Þorbjarnarfell var skoðað sem lokaverkefni í B.Sc. gráðu í jarðfræði. Tvær berggerðir fundust, bólstraberg og hyaloclastite, og voru þau skoðuð og mismunurinn á milli þeirra greindur. Bólstrabergið var undir hyaloclastite laginu og hefur því myndast fyrr. Hyaloclastite lagið liggur aftur á móti yfir öllu fellinu, og því yfir bólstraberginu. Í flestum opnunum mátti sjá bólstramyndanir og þá helst neðarlega í lögunum. Þetta varð algengara þegar ofar í fellið var komið. Ekki voru greinileg skil á milli laganna tveggja, en það efra virtist taka smám saman við af hinu. Innan í sprungum á toppi fellsins mátti einungis finna bólstraberg. Þorbjarnarfell hefur því myndast í einum atburði, en sökum þess hversu brotið fellið er má álykta að margir atburðir hafi stuðlað að útliti þess. Sigdalur liggur í gegnum mitt fellið og hafa margar sprungur orsakast af því.Mt. Þorbjarnarfell was researched as final assignment for B.Sc degree in geology. The layers were studied and the difference between them analyzed. The rock types were two, pillow lava and hyaloclastite. The pillow lava was below the hyaloclastite layer, so the pillow lava was formed first. The hyaloclastite layer covers the whole mountain, and therefore the pillow lava. In the outcrops there were a few pillow formations on the bottom but they became more common higher in the mountain. There were no visible boundaries between the layers and only pillow lava was found in the faults on the top of the mountain. Mt. Þorbjarnarfell was formed in one eruption, but due to how fractured it is one would conclude that multiple events formed its appearances, most of which were caused by faulting. In the middle of the mountain there is a graben that goes through the mountain, and many of the faults formed as a result

Tempo Plugins

For the Final Project, our team worked together with Tempo, a software company that offers time tracking solutions for Jira. Tempo wants to automate the time their users spend on writing up their work logs by implementing a series of plugins that track the users’ time for them. This enables both companies and individuals to better manage their time and finances. Our project in this series was to implement a plugin, which is a browser extension, for Chromium browsers such as Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge and Opera. Using this plugin, users can track their time spent working on sites such as Figma, Jira, Github, and Confluence, and more. The plugin is meant for all Tempo Cloud for Jira customers