474 research outputs found
Pengaruh Fermentasi Kombinasi Jamur Pleurotus Ostreatus Dengan Trichoderma Viridae Terhadap Kandungan Nutrien Dan Aktivitas Enzim Selulase Bungkil Kopra
Copra meal is by-product of oil extraction that is produced in large quantity and relatively cheap in Indonesia. However, its high cellulose becomes obstacle for poultry diet. Two studies was conducted to optimize the utilization of copra meal by producing crude enzyme that matched with copra meal using solid state fermentation method with various doses and incubation time that mixed with Pleurotus ostreatus (PO) and Trichoderma viridae (TV). In the first study, copra meal was fermented with 4 levels of inoculum (L0 = no inoculum; L1 = 17.7 CFU/g of TV and 175.00 CFU/g of PO per kg of copra meal; L2 = 35.4 CFU/g of TV and 218.75 CFU/g of PO per kg of copra meal; L3 = 53.1 CFU/g of TV and 262.50 CFU/g of PO per kg of copra meal and 4 incubation time (W1= 4 days; W2 = 6 days; W3 = 8 days; and W4 = 10 days). Parameters measured were crude protein, crude lipid, crude fibre and gross energy. A completely randomized factorial design was used in the study. In the second study, crude enzyme was produced from the best results found in the first study. A method of Jacob and Prema (2006) was used to produce enzyme. Meanwhile, activity of cellulase was measured based on the method of Omojosola (2008). The results showed that factor of inoculum level was found significantly increased protein content and gross energy but decreased crude lipid and crude fibre of the mixed fungi-fermented copra meal. Incubation time did not affect protein content but significanly affected crude lipid, crude fibre and gross energy. Interactions between inoculum level and incubation time was found in crude lipid, crude fibre and gross energy contents of mixed fungi-fermented copra meal. Activity of cellulase was 0.71 g glucose/l
Synthesis of carbon nanotube-titanium dioxide photocatalysts via modified sol-gel method for removal of phenol
In the present study, a series of carbon nanotube-titanium dioxide (CNT-TiO2) has been successfully synthesized by a modified sol-gel method in the presence of acetyl acetone as the chelating ligand. X-ray diffraction (XRD), diffuse reflectance ultravioletvisible spectroscopy (DR UV-Vis), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to investigate the structural, optical properties and morphology of the sample. XRD patterns demonstrated that the addition of CNT maintained the anatase phase of TiO2, while DR UV-Vis analysis showed the additional absorbance in the visible light region after addition of the CNT, suggesting the successful incorporation of CNT into TiO2. The SEM image revealed the unaffected morphology of TiO2 after addition of the CNT. The photocatalytic removal of phenol was carried out under UV light irradiation at room temperature for 24 hours. It was confirmed that all CNT-TiO2 series showed better adsorption and photocatalytic activity than the TiO2. The best photocatalyst was 5% CNT-TiO2 with 68% of phenol removal, while TiO2 showed only 17% phenol removal. Adsorption process was proposed to be one of the important factors for the high activity. It was concluded that the incorporation of CNT into TiO2 using the modified sol-gel method would be a good alternative method to prepare highly active carbon based-TiO2 photocatalysts
Holographic current correlators at finite coupling and scattering off a supersymmetric plasma
By studying the effect of the order(\alpha'^3) string theory corrections to
type IIB supergravity, including those corrections involving the Ramond-Ramond
five-form field strength, we obtain the corrected equations of motion of an
Abelian perturbation of the AdS_5-Schwarzschild black hole. We then use the
gauge theory/string theory duality to examine the coupling-constant dependence
of vector current correlators associated to a gauged U(1) sub-group of the
global R-symmetry group of strongly-coupled N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills
theory at finite temperature. The corrections induce a set of higher-derivative
operators for the U(1) gauge field, but their effect is highly suppressed. We
thus find that the order(\alpha'^3) corrections affect the vector correlators
only indirectly, through the corrected metric. We apply our results to
investigate scattering off a supersymmetric Yang-Mills plasma at low and high
energy. In the latter regime, where Deep Inelastic Scattering is expected to
occur, we find an enhancement of the plasma structure functions in comparison
with the infinite 't Hooft coupling result.Comment: 38 pages, 6 figures, minor clarifications added, typos corrected,
references adde
3D based head movement tracking for incorporation in facial expression system
Head movement tracking is a necessary system in our attempt to establish the positioning of the head in an instance of the time. In computer graphics, head positioning sequence must be done in a proper manner so that the rendering will appear realistic. The head role becomes more important when a facial expression is being depicted. As a true facial expression must be accompanied with some motion of the head, rendering the facial expression without any proper description regarding head movement will make the head less realistic. This paper proposed a dual-pivot 3D-based head movement tracking system (DPHT) that enables modeler to capture the movement of the head. By having two pivots in the system, the movement of the neck can be modeled together with the yaw, roll and pitch of the head. This movement of the neck is an integral part of the facial expression depiction as can be attested by someone who 'pulls' his neck in manifestation of disgust. The results in this paper show that having a dual-pivot tracking system, head positioning can be better established hence producing more realistic head movement model
On the Beaming of Gluonic Fields at Strong Coupling
We examine the conditions for beaming of the gluonic field sourced by a heavy
quark in strongly-coupled conformal field theories, using the AdS/CFT
correspondence. Previous works have found that, contrary to naive expectations,
it is possible to set up collimated beams of gluonic radiation despite the
strong coupling. We show that, on the gravity side of the correspondence, this
follows directly (for arbitrary quark motion, and independently of any
approximations) from the fact that the string dual to the quark remains
unexpectedly close to the AdS boundary whenever the quark moves
ultra-relativistically. We also work out the validity conditions for a related
approximation scheme that proposed to explain the beaming effect though the
formation of shock waves in the bulk fields emitted by the string. We find that
these conditions are fulfilled in the case of ultra-relativistic uniform
circular motion that motivated the proposal, but unfortunately do not hold for
much more general quark trajectories.Comment: 1+33 pages, 2 figure
Dual-pivot pose determination of human head based on head movement
The pose determination is very important especially for system such as face tracking, face recognition, face analysis and even face modeling system. Pose determination is a pre-requisite step for establishing face orientation of which will be used in determining the shape and structure of the face. Existing rotation-based pose determination that describes head movement using a single pivot point cannot describe rotation that involves changes in pivot point. In addressing the issue, this paper suggests a pose determination technique via usage of two pivot points. The paper will propose a definition for dual-pivot pose determination, suggest approaches to calculate head movement along these pivots, show a brief application for the dual-pivot and give comment on advantages and disadvantages of dual- pivot points
The AdS/QCD Correspondence: Still Undelivered
We consider the particle spectrum and event shapes in large N gauge theories
in different regimes of the short-distance 't Hooft coupling, lambda. The
mesons in the small lambda limit should have a Regge spectrum in order to agree
with perturbation theory, while generically the large lambda theories with
gravity duals produce spectra reminiscent of KK modes. We argue that these
KK-like states are qualitatively different from QCD modes: they are deeply
bound states which are sensitive to short distance interactions rather than the
flux tube-like states expected in asymptotically free, confining gauge
theories. In addition, we also find that the characteristic event shapes for
the large lambda theories with gravity duals are close to spherical, very
different from QCD-like (small lambda, small N) and Nambu-Goto-like (small
lambda, large N) theories which have jets. This observation is in agreement
with the conjecture of Strassler on event shapes in large 't Hooft coupling
theories, which was recently proved by Hofman and Maldacena for the conformal
case. This conclusion does not change even when considering soft-wall
backgrounds in the gravity dual. The picture that emerges is the following:
theories with small and large lambda are qualitatively different, while
theories with small and large N are qualitatively similar. Thus it seems that
it is the relative smallness of the 't Hooft coupling in QCD that prevents a
reliable AdS/QCD correspondence from emerging, and that reproducing
characteristic QCD-like behavior will require genuine stringy dynamics to be
incorporated into any putative dual theory.Comment: 32 pages, 15 figures; references added, minor changes, history
clarifie
The Gluonic Field of a Heavy Quark in Conformal Field Theories at Strong Coupling
We determine the gluonic field configuration sourced by a heavy quark
undergoing arbitrary motion in N=4 super-Yang-Mills at strong coupling and
large number of colors. More specifically, we compute the expectation value of
the operator tr[F^2+...] in the presence of such a quark, by means of the
AdS/CFT correspondence. Our results for this observable show that signals
propagate without temporal broadening, just as was found for the expectation
value of the energy density in recent work by Hatta et al. We attempt to shed
some additional light on the origin of this feature, and propose a different
interpretation for its physical significance. As an application of our general
results, we examine when the quark undergoes oscillatory motion,
uniform circular motion, and uniform acceleration. Via the AdS/CFT
correspondence, all of our results are pertinent to any conformal field theory
in 3+1 dimensions with a dual gravity formulation.Comment: 1+38 pages, 16 eps figures; v2: completed affiliation; v3: corrected
typo, version to appear in JHE
Exact results for static and radiative fields of a quark in N=4 super Yang-Mills
In this work (which supersedes our previous preprint arXiv:1112.2345) we
determine the expectation value of the N=4$ SU(N) SYM Lagrangian density
operator in the presence of an infinitely heavy static particle in the
symmetric representation of SU(N), by means of a D3-brane probe computation.
The result that we obtain coincides with two previous computations of different
observables, up to kinematical factors. We argue that these agreements go
beyond the D-brane probe approximation, which leads us to propose an exact
formula for the expectation value of various operators. In particular, we
provide an expression for the total energy loss by radiation of a heavy
particle in the fundamental representation.Comment: 14 pages. This submission supersedes our previous preprint
arXiv:1112.2345. v2: numerical factors fixed, minor clarifications, added
reference
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