Study of fetal 2D echo in pregnant women with diabetes and gestational diabetes mellitus

Background: Diagnosis of diabetes in pregnancy is an important public health issue. Present study was done to study incidence of abnormal foetal 2D echocardiography in women with diabetes and gestational diabetes mellitus and to know their obstetric outcome.Methods: It is a prospective, observational study, which includes 80 patients. It was conducted at our tertiary care centre after the approval by ethics committee, and the results were analysed.Results: Out of 80 patients included, 77% women had GDM and rest 23% had DM. In this study, all patients had fetal 2D echocardiography done. 3 patients had report suggestive of congenital heart disease in the fetus. 1 of them was suggestive of TAPVC, 1 was suggestive of enlarged right atrium, 1 report was suggestive of VSD. Two of the abnormal fetal 2D echocardiography diagnosis of TAPVC and VSD was confirmed by neonatal 2D echo. One baby with Normal antenatal 2D echo had ASD on post-natal evaluation. The baby with antenataly enlarged right atrium had no cardiac anomaly on post-natal evaluation.Conclusions: Incidence of DM/GDM is increasing. As baby is likely to have congenital anomalies, out of which cardiac anomalies are most common, fetal echocardiography is a well-established, accurate, and safe method for diagnosing congenital heart disease. All the babies with abnormal fetal echocardiography need post-natal confirmation

Assessment of Carrying Capacity of Tourist Destinations in Dakshina Kannada District, Karnataka

In recent times, tourism has emerged as one of the most popular economic activities. In view of the economic production of Dakshina Kannada District, tourism plays a vital role. Dakshina Kannada District boasts of various activities like beach tourism, cultural, religious, education, and eco-tourism. Though enriched with tourism resources, this region has not utilised them enough to convert them into economic resources. This research is done to understand and find out the carrying capacity of tourist destinations in Dakshina Kannada District that will help us make tourism plans and strategic development activities so as to make the most of the resources available

Microbiological study of cervical flora in preterm labour

Background: Preterm labour occurs due to various causative factors. Genital infections contribute significantly to the preterm labour. Ours is a prospective, observational study looking at the cervical microbiota involved in the preterm labour. The cervical flora contributing to the occurrence of preterm labour was studied. The results were analyzed based on the microbiological study of cervical swabs. The primary objectives of this study were to determine the association of cervical microbiota of pregnant women with spontaneous preterm delivery. To characterize the effect of cervical microbiota on birth gestation. The secondary objective of this study was to analyse the role of cervical microbiota and its relationship between social and behavioural factors.Methods: It is a prospective, observational study, which includes 193 patients, studied over a period of one and a half year. It was conducted at our tertiary care centre after the approval by ethics committee, and the results were analysed. As this is a purely observational study, management decisions of treating obstetrician were not interfered with. No additional cost, intervention or injury was caused to the study subject.Results: In our study, cervical swab culture shows growth in 2.07% which is statistically insignificant. Though, it was found that preterm labour is more common with leucocytosis, i.e. WBC > 11000 cmm, which is found to be statistically significant (p value = 0.023).Conclusions: In our study, we found that there was no significant association of cervical flora with preterm labour, though we found an association with leucocytosis

Anisotropic bulk viscous string cosmological models with heat flux

Bulk viscosity coupled with cosmic string for Bianchi type VI0 cosmological model is investigated in the context of Self creation theory of gravitation. Field equations are solved for two different cases by considering relation between metric potentials. It is assumed that scalar function is proportional to the scale factor. It is found that the universe is anisotropic and stable. The early universe is highly heated. Some physical parameters are also discussed in details

Accelerating Kaluza-Klein Universe in Modified Theory of Gravitation

The purpose of this paper is to study the Kaluza-Klein universe in the context of the $f(R,T)$ gravity theory using magnetized strange quark matter (MSQM). To obtain exact solutions of field equations, we assume two types of volumetric expansion: power law and exponential law volumetric expansions. The violation of energy conditions has been studied. The physical and geometrical properties of the examined model have also been investigated thoroughly. Keywords: Kaluza-Klein metric, Magnetized Strange Quark Matter, Power and Exponential law, $f(R,T)$ gravity.Comment: 20 Pages, 08 Figure

A prospective study of the study of maternal and perinatal outcome in cases of eclampsia

Background: This is an observational analytical study carried out in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, in a tertiary care center to determine the factors influencing fetal and maternal outcome, prognosis and complications in booked and unbooked eclamptic cases.Methods: The present study is a prospective study of perinatal and maternal outcome in 50 cases of eclampsia, above 32 weeks of gestation, from 1st May 2013 to 30th April 2014. Patients with medical complications like anemia, preexisting hypertension, diabetes, vascular or renal disease, multiple gestation, polyhydraminos, etc. are excluded from the study. Detailed history, physical examinations were carried out and appropriate management instituted as per individual patient need. Follow-up of mothers up to 6weeks postpartum and neonates in the early neonatal period was done.                Results: Incidence of eclampsia is 0.64%, incidence of maternal mortality is 0.4% and perinatal mortality is 24%. 36% of patients developed complications. Maternal mortality was significantly high in patients with 6 or more episodes of convulsions. The most common cause of perinatal mortality is prematurity. Antepartum eclampsia with gestational age less than 36 weeks, BP >160/100, preterm births, low birth weight babies, low apgar scores influenced adverse perinatal outcome.Conclusions: Eclampsia still remains a major problem in developing countries. It is one of the important causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality due to lack of proper ANC, low socio-economic status and lack of education

Offline Handwritten Signature Verification using Ne ural Network

The different biometric techniques have been discussed for ident ification. Such as face reading, fingerprint recognition and retina scanning and these are known as vision based i dentification. There are non vision based identifications such as signature verification and the voice recogni tion. Signature verification plays a vital role in the field of the financial, commercial and for the legal matters. Signature by any person considered as the approval for any work so the signature is the preferred authenticat ion. In this paper signature verification is done by means of image processing, geometric feature extraction and by using neural network technique

PERFORMANCE & EMISSION ANALYSIS OF CI ENGINE BY USING BLENDS OF COTTONSEED OIL & BUTANOL

With a recent energy crisis, alternative fuel, especially for transportation, has been explored to reduce the consumption of gasoline, on the way of which use of alcohol & biodiesel have been successfully promoted to reduce this uneven diesel -gasoline consumption pattern; whereas, Diesel- Biodiesel& ethanol blends was tested for performance and emission with acceptable results. However, diesel biodiesel-ethanol blends still faces challenges in finding suitable emulsifier, preventing water absorption from ambient and adapting existing distribution infrastructure to cope with low flash point. Hence, the present study evaluates feasibility in using butanol blending with diesel-biodiesel due to no need for emulsifier, less moisture absorption and less variations in physical/chemical properties of the blends. Diesel biodiesel were blended at concentration B-10, B-20 and B-30 Diesel-biodiesel & Butanol were blended at concentrations of DBB [50:10:40], DBB [50:20:30], DBB [50:30:10], by volume without any emulsifier additive to observe solubility and stability. Relevant physical and chemical properties were measured and compared with specification of diesel. Then blends were tested with unmodified single cylinder diesel engine for engine performance, fuel consumption and emissions, with comparison to commercially available diesel in the market. The physical/chemical properties of the blends reveal acceptable values; whereas, the engine testing results reveal that DBB [50:30:20], can be used in single cylinder diesel engine without any modification to the Engine

Non-interacting String and Holographic Dark Energy Cosmological Models in f(R) Theory of Gravitation

In this paper, a new class of string and holographic dark energy (HDE) cosmological model in the context of f(R) theory of gravity using the Kasner metric is considered. The exact solution of filed equations are obtained by using the relation between average scale factor and the scalar function f(R). It is observed that the universe is accelerating and expanding. The string phase of the universe is present at early stage of evolution of the universe. The universe is dominated by quintessence type HDE at present. Effect of the curvature function f(R) is also observed on dynamical parameters.Comment: 15 Pages, 07 Figure