İncir genotiplerinin karakterizasyonu ile cinsiyet ve bazı meyve özellikleri için ilişkilendirme haritalaması yöntemi ile moleküler işaretleyicilerin belirlenmesi

Gen kaynaklarının tanımlanarak sınıflandırılması ve önemli fenotipik özellikler için moleküler işaretleyicilerin geliştirilmesi, ıslah çalışmalarının hızlandırılması açısından önemlidir. RAPD, SSR, ISSR ve SRAP primerleri kullanılarak yürütülen çalışmada toplam 192 genotip arasındaki filogenetik ilişkiler ortaya konulmuştur. Ayrıca, ilişkilendirme haritalaması yöntemi kullanılarak bazı önemli meyve karakterleri için işaretleyiciler geliştirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, beş işaretleyicinin erkek/dişi fenotipini %77, üç işaretleyicinin partenokarpi (yellop oluşturma) özelliğini %25, beş işaretleyicinin kabuk renginin %39, üç işaretleyicinin meyve çapının %41, iki işaretleyicinin meyve boyunu %21, beş işaretleyicinin meyve ağırlığının % 46 oranında açıkladığı tesbit edilmiştir

Construction of genetic linkage map for Ficus carica L. based on AFLP, SSR, and SRAP markers

A new genetic linkage map of Ficus carica (2n=2x=26) was constructed using 149 F1 progeny derived from the cross between two fig cultivars, 'Bursa Siyah' (BS) and 'Ak Ilek' (AK). Fifty-two amplified fragment length polymorphism, 49 simple sequence repeat (SSR), 16 sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP), and 12 sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR-SRAP) combinations were used to generate markers for the map. The BS map consisted of 229 markers, distributed to 16 linkage groups (LGs), with an average marker density of 5.98 cM and map distance of 1342 cM. The AK linkage map carried 244 markers, distributed to 16 LGs, with an average marker density of 4.90 cM and map distance of 1191 cM. The consensus map comprises 355 markers, 1474 cM in length, with average marker density of 4.15 cM. The map indicates the location of new SSRs, nine of which were transferred from related species, and might be helpful for mapping quantitative trait loci that control important horticultural traits in the future

Analysis of Genetic Diversity Among 'Misket' Apple Clones Using AFLP, SSR and RAPD Markers

WOS: 000480483100012Knowledge of genetic relationship among genotypes is an important concern for utilization of germplasm resources in breeding. The need for knowledge in local apple cultivars is increasing and molecular marker analysis has contributed to understanding of the apple genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship between genotypes. Three different DNA-based techniques, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), simple sequence repeat (SSR) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) were used for detecting genetic variation among the 30 local 'Misket' apple genotypes. A total of 423 bands amplified and 205 polymorphic band were obtained with three marker techniques. Thirty RAPD primers amplified 207 bands, of which 91 were polymorphic (40.1%), 10 SSR primers produced 33 bands and 26 of them were polymorphic (78.78%) and 5 AFLP combinations amplified 183 bands of which 88 were polymorphic (48.08%). The average numbers of polymorphic marker per primer combination were 17.6, 3.03 and 2.6 for AFLP, RAPD and SSR respectively. Our results indicate that SSR was less informative in characterizing closely related 'Misket' apple genotypes, compared with RAPD and AFLP markers. AFLP seemed to best suited for evaluating the genetic relationship among the apple genotypes. Closely related genotypes may require more than one marker technique. The findings will be useful to identify and evaluate the local growing apple genetic resources

Elucidating genetic relationships, diversity and population structure among the Turkish female figs

A collection of 96 female Turkish fig (Ficus carica L.) accessions was studied to elucidate genetic structure and estimate diversity and genetic similarity distribution among the female figs present in Turkish genetic resources, using 157 molecular genome markers including 129 sequence-related amplified polymorphisms, 21 random amplified polymorphic DNAs, and 7 simple-sequence repeats. The plant samples mainly included Turkish fig collections selected throughout the country over the course of a half-century. Neighbor-joining analysis revealed continuous dissimilarity range, and it was difficult to classify figs into distinct groups. The principle component analysis produced similar results. The analysis of molecular variance indicated that 95 and 93% of genetic variation were explained by within geographic origins and similar fruit rind color, respectively. Sub-structuring Bayesian analysis assigned the 96 female figs into four sub-populations, and indicated that they were highly related. The corrected allelic pairwise distances among the six geographic origins were less than 5%. This study suggests that geography- and color-based groups were not genetically distinct among the Turkish figs

Introgression of Resistance to Leafminer (Liriomyza cicerina Rondani) from Cicer reticulatum Ladiz. to C. arietinum L. and Relationships between Potential Biochemical Selection Criteria

The chickpea leafminer, Liriomyza cicerina (Rondani), is one of the most destructive insect pests of cultivated chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in the Mediterranean region under field conditions. For sustainable and environmentally friendly chickpea production, efforts have been devoted to managing the leafminer via decreasing the use of insecticides. Breeding of new resistant varieties is not only an efficient and practical approach, but also cost-effective and environmentally sensitive. To improve resistant varieties, breeders need reliable biochemical selection criteria that can be used in breeding programs. The first objective was to investigate the possible introgression of resistance to the leafminer from C. reticulatum Ladiz. (resistant) to C. arietinum (susceptible), then, to estimate inheritance of resistance to the leafminer for efficient breeding strategies, and finally, to study organic acid contents as selection criteria. Recombinant inbred lines (RILs) and their parents were evaluated using a visual scale of 1–9 (1 = free from leafminer damage and 9 = mines in more than 91% of the leaflets and defoliation greater than 31%) in the field under natural infestation conditions after the susceptible parent and check had scores of >7 on the visual scale. Superior RILs were found for resistance to the leafminer, and agro-morphological traits indicating that introgression of resistance to leaf miner from C. reticulatum to C. arietinum could be possible using interspecific crosses. The inheritance pattern of resistance to the leafminer in RILs was shown to be quantitative. Organic acids, including oxalic, malic, quinic, tartaric, citric and succinic acids in RILs grown in the field under insect epidemic conditions and in the greenhouse under non-infested conditions were detected by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In general, organic acids were found to be higher in resistant RILs than susceptible RILs. Path and correlation coefficients showed that succinic acid exhibited the highest direct effects on resistance to the leafminer. Multivariate analyses, including path, correlation and factor analyses suggested that a high level of succinic acid could be used as a potential biochemical selection criterion for resistance to leafminer in chickpea. Resistant RILs with a high seed yield resembling kabuli chickpea can be grown directly in the target environments under leaf miner infestation conditions

Detection of genetic differences of isolates of Bacterial Speck (Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato “Okabe” Y. D. & W) disease agent on tomato under protected cultivation using molecular methods in Western Mediterranean region

The aim of this study was to diagnos bacterial speck of tomato (Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato) pathogen using biochemical and molecular methods and to determine genetical diversity of Pst isolates by using ISSR and SRAP molecular markers. In the study, survey studies were carried out in West Mediterranean Region to collect bacterial pathogen of tomato (Pst). 10 Pst isolates were collected during survey studies. After isolation, the pathogen was diagnosed with biochemical and molecular diagnostic methods. Besides, genetic diversities of Pst isolates were determined using ISSR and SRAP molecular markers. As a result, bacterial speck of tomato was seen depending on the climatic conditions at the region and Pst was successfully detected by using classical and molecular methods. ISSR and SRAP markers were successively used for analyzing genetic diversity of Pst isolates and these primers could be efficiently used to separate isolates of disease agent