The Biochemical Assessment of Imported Frozen Chicken and Detection The Effect of Biogenic Amines on The Meat Quality

To assess the quality of imported frozen chicken sold in Sulaimani markets with respect to biogenic amines content and sensory properties, a total of 160 samples of frozen chicken meat belonged to four foreign trademarks were collected in two batches from different parts of Sulaimani city markets. The samples consisted of whole chickens (160 samples- 80 for each batch). HPLC- based detection of Biogenic amines revealed histamine within the acceptable limits in all marks, it ranged 0.00- 0.22 and 0.00- 0.03 mg/ Kg meat in batches 1 and 2 respectively for the four marks of carcasses. Putrescine, Cadaverine, Spermine and Spermidine were within the ranges reported in literatures for good chicken meat quality in all marks, except in DMIS. The biogenic amines indexes for all marks were within the acceptable limits except for DMIS, which significantly differed from the others.  The sensory evaluation (organoleptic evaluation) of carcasses revealed highest scores gained by Gedik for all categories then by Sadia and Frinal, while DMIS had the lowest with the presence of significant differences among marks

Bacteriological Quality of Imported Frozen Chicken in Sulaimani Markets

To study the bacteriological quality of imported frozen chicken meat in Sulaimani markets, a total of 360 samples represented whole chickens (160 samples, 80 for each batch), thighs (120 samples, 60 for each batch) and breasts (80 samples, 40 for each batch) belonged to seven commercial trademarks, distributed on two batches, were tested according to international analytical regulations and guides. The mean values of the total plate count (TPC) in batches 1 and 2 of the whole chicken carcasses ranged 0.540-5.720 ×104 and 0.250-5.720 ×104 CFU/ g meat respectively, in thighs they ranged 1.170- 17.520 and 0.730- 12.500 ×104CFU/ g meat respectively, and  in breast they ranged 0.586- 14.380 and 1.174-11.900×104CFU/ g meat respectively. The psychrophiles count in whole chicken carcasses ranged 1.950- 13.740×104  and  0.900-27.420×104 CFU/ g meat, in thighs they ranged 0.554-8.560 and 0.360- 8.000×104 CFU/ g meat, and in breast ranged 0.734-8.880 and 1.140- 9.360 ×104 CFU/ g meat in batches 1 and 2 respectively.  Psychrotrophes count in whole carcasses ranged 1.964- 14.280 and 1.286- 21.800×104 CFU/ g meat, in thighs they ranged 1.560- 12.640 and 3.42- 7.680 ×104 CFU/ g meat, and in breast ranged 0.770- 13.140 and 1.178- 8.440 ×104 CFU/ g meat in batches 1 and 2 respectively. The most probable number (MPN) of both total coliforms and fecal coliforms in the two batches were less than 1 CFU/ g meat in all samples that inspected. Significant differences were recorded among all marks and between both batches for each mark including the three types of meat while all samples were E. coli O157: H7, coagulase positive staphylococci, and Salmonella free

Multi-beams waveguide slot antennas at x-band for wireless communications systems

This paper focuses on the design of a multi-beams antenna using waveguide slots technology at X-band. The multi-beams radiation is proposed to expand the coverage of the single antenna, thus more capacity is enabled. Waveguide slots antenna is a well-known antenna for high power and gain transmission capabilities. Therefore, it is preferred. In this work, four variations of waveguide slots antennas are studied. The slot distribution covers one to four broad and narrow walls of the waveguide. This technique enables multi-beams patterns. The performance of the proposed antennas is simulated using CST microwave software. The simulated responses of the antennas show that a good matched with return loss greater than 10 dB at the desired frequency. The four proposed antennas achieved a good gain between 6.3 and 7.4 dB with directional beamwidth of 15 degree. The proposed antennas are suitable for implementing in radar applications

Substrate integrated waveguide antenna at millimeter wave for 5G application

This paper presents a dual-band slot antenna using substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology at 26 and 28 GHz. High loss is one of the main challenges faced by 5G base station network due to the severe path loss at high frequency. Hence, high gain antennas are required for 5G base station applications to overcome path loss issue. Hence, this work designs a high gain SIW antenna based on slot technology to excite dual-bands with high gain capability. The antenna is designed with two slots shaped to resonate at two different frequencies: 26 and 28 GHz. The antenna is analyzed using CST software and fabricated on Roger RT5880 substrate with permittivity of 2.2 and lost tangent of 0.0009 with thickness of 0.508 mm. The design operates at 26 and 28 GHz with measured reflection coefficients less than -10 dB. Measured high gains of 8 and 8.02 dB are obtained at 26 and 28 GHz, respectively. Overall, the antenna showed good performance that would benefit the fifth-generation applications

False positive computed tomographic angiography for Stanford type A aortic dissection

Background: Computed tomographic angiography (CTA) has emerged as the defacto imaging test to rule out acute aortic dissection; however, it is not without flaws. We report a case of a false-positive CTA with respect to Stanford Type A aortic dissection. Case: A 52 year-old male presented with sudden onset shortness of breath. He denied chest pain. Due to severe hypertension and an Emergency Department bedside ultrasound suggesting an intimal flap in the aorta, CTA was requested to better assess the ascending aorta and was interpreted as consistent with Stanford Type A aortic dissection with thrombosis of the false lumen in the ascending aorta. However, intra-operative imaging (TEE and epi-aortic scanning) did not identify an intimal flap or dissection, and neither did definitive surgical inspection of the aorta. The suspected aortic dissection and thrombosed false lumen were not visualized on repeat CTA two days later. Discussion: False positive diagnosis of Stanford Type A aortic dissection on CTA can be the result of technical factors, streak artifacts, motion artifacts, and periaortic structures. In this case, non-uniform arterial contrast enhancement secondary to unrecognized biventricular dysfunction resulted in the false positive CTA appearance of an intimal flap and mural thrombus. Intra-operative TEE and epi-aortic scanning were proven correct in excluding aortic dissection by the standard of definitive surgical inspection of the aorta

How To Model Telecommunications (and Other) Systems Where "Self-Similar" (Power-Tail) Behavior is Observed

ss := steady-state; S-S := Self-Similar; PT := Power Tail; TPT :=Truncated Power Tail; r.v. := random variable; iid := Independent, Identically Distributed; CLT := Central Limit Theorem; SM := Semi-Markov