Levantamento florístico de plantas vasculares espontâneas em ambientes antrópicos no campus da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brasil

TCC(graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Ciências Biológicas. Biologia.Levantamento florístico de plantas vasculares espontâneas em ambientes antrópicos no campus da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, BrasilResumo Este estudo apresenta um levantamento das espécies de plantas vasculares, herbáceas, subarbustivas e lianas, espontâneas em ambientes antrópicos no campus da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, em Florianópolis, SC, Brasil. Foram pesquisadas, para cada espécie levantada, informações adicionais, como seu local de origem, hábito, tipos de ambientes onde ocorre no campus, e se é ou já foi cultivada na área estudada. Foram inventariadas 269 espécies, em 185 gêneros e 64 famílias. Dessas espécies, 174 (64,68%) são nativas no Brasil, 91 (33,83%) são exóticas e 4 (1,49%) não tiveram suas origens determinadas. As angiospermas, com 257 espécies, constituíram o grupo mais diversificado no estudo, sendo Asteraceae (47 espécies), Poaceae (38) e Cyperaceae (23) as famílias mais numerosas. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados com outros estudos semelhantes, e também foi discutida a questão da origem de algumas das espécies levantadas.Zusammenfassung Diese Untersuchung gibt eine Bewertung von Gefäßpflanzen, krautigen, halbstrauchartigen und Lianen, spontanen in anthropischen Umgebungen auf dem Campus der Bundesuniversität Santa Catarinas, in Florianópolis, SC, Brasilien. Für jede Art gefunden wurden zusätzliche Informationen erforschten, wie ihrer Herkunftsort, Wuchsform, Arten von Umgebungen, in denen sie auftritt auf dem Campus, und ob sie ist, oder war, in der Gegend angebaut. Die Umfrage ergab 269 Arten, in 185 Gattungen und 64 Familien. Von diesen Arten, 174 (64,68%) sind einheimische in Brasilien, 91 (33,83%) sind exotische und 4 (1,49%) hatten nicht ihren Herkunft bestimmt. Die Angiospermen, mit 257 Arten, wurde der artenreichste Gruppe in der Untersuchung, wobei Asteraceae (47 Arten), Poaceae (38) und Cyperaceae (23) die zahlreichsten Familien. Die Ergebnisse wurden verglichen mit anderen ähnlichen Arbeiten, und auch die Frage nach der Herkunft einiger Arten wurde diskutiert

Yet another new species from one of the best-studied neotropical areas:<i>Plantago humboldtiana</i> (Plantaginaceae), an extremely narrow endemic new species from a waterfall in southern Brazil

This article presents and describes Plantago humboldtiana, an extremely narrow endemic rheophytic new species from a waterfall in Corupá, Santa Catarina state, southern Brazil. The new species is unique in presenting a combination of type-G antrorse trichomes on scapes, pendulous inflorescences and 1-seeded pyxidia. Only one population is known to exist, despite intensive search efforts in nearby, similar environments. Its conservation status is assessed as critically endangered (CR) as the only known population is restricted to a dramatically small area, and is subject to extreme fluctuation due to occasional floods, and also to intense visitation by tourists, which can disturb its fragile habitat. We also present an updated identification key to the species of Plantago that occur in Santa Catarina. The recent description of three narrow endemic, threatened new species of Plantago in Santa Catarina, which is the Brazilian state with its flora best studied, highlights the need for more taxonomic research, especially in the neotropics

Plantago campestris (Plantaginaceae), a rare new species from southern Brazil, supported by phylogenomic and morphological evidence

High-throughput sequencing, when combined with taxonomic expertise, is a powerful tool to refine and advance taxonomic classification, including at the species level. In the present work, a new species, Plantago campestris, is described out of the P. commersoniana species complex, based on phylogenomic and morphological evidence. The main morphological characters that distinguish the new species from P. commersoniana are the glabrous posterior sepals and the slightly broader leaves. The new species is known from only three localities, all in natural high-elevation grasslands in Paraná and Santa Catarina states, southern Brazil. According to the IUCN criteria new species should be assessed as Endangered (EN). We present field photographs of P. campestris and related species, and we provide an identification key to the species previously included within the circumscription of P. commersoniana

(2625) Proposal to reject the name Littorella spicata (Plantaginaceae)

Littorella flexuosa Raf., New Fl. 4: 12-13. 1838 [incorrectly given as 1836], nom. rej. prop.Typus: non designatus. Littorella subgenus Xamotris Raf., New Fl. 4: 12. 1838 [incorrectly given as 1836], nom. rej. prop.Lectotypus (designated here): Littorella flexuosa Raf. In accordance to Art. 56.1, we believe that the best course of action would be to reject the name L. flexuosa, along with Littorella subgenus Xamotris, in order to prevent that a considerably dubious name threaten a well-stablished species name, causing a disadvantageous nomenclatural change.Fil: Hassemer, Gustavo. Universidad de Copenhagen; DinamarcaFil: Moroni, Pablo Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. Academia Nacional de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion; ArgentinaFil: O'Leary, Nataly Cristina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. Academia Nacional de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion; Argentin

Novelties in Persicaria (Polygonaceae): description of a narrowly endemic new species from southern Brazil, and typification of the name Polygonum minus

Este estudo foi realizado no âmbito do projeto PELD BISC.in the present paper. The locus classicus of the new species is well-known for plant endemisms. A complete morphological description, original pictures, a distribution map, and a morphological comparison with the similar Eurasian species P. minor (≡ Polygonum minus) are given. The name Polygonum minus is lecto- and epitypified on, respectively, a Morison’s illustration and a specimen preserved at BM.CNPq/Capes/FAPs/BC-Fundo Newton/PELD nº 15/2016 and FAPESC/2018TR092

Novelties in Persicaria (Polygonaceae): description of a narrowly endemic new species from southern Brazil, and typification of the name Polygonum minus

Este estudo foi realizado no âmbito do projeto PELD BISC.in the present paper. The locus classicus of the new species is well-known for plant endemisms. A complete morphological description, original pictures, a distribution map, and a morphological comparison with the similar Eurasian species P. minor (≡ Polygonum minus) are given. The name Polygonum minus is lecto- and epitypified on, respectively, a Morison’s illustration and a specimen preserved at BM.CNPq/Capes/FAPs/BC-Fundo Newton/PELD nº 15/2016 and FAPESC/2018TR092

First records of Melilotus albus Medik. (Fabaceae, Faboideae) in Santa Catarina, southern Brazil

Melilotus albus Medik. is a cosmopolite and invasive species, native to the Old World, which in Brazil had its occurrence hitherto recorded only in the states of São Paulo, Paraná and Rio Grande do Sul. This study extends its distribution to Santa Catarina state, southern Brazil, due to the recent discovery of populations in the municipalities of Florianópolis and Xanxerê. These new records are ca. 250 km distant from the nearest records, in Paraná state, also in southern Brazil

Ancestral range reconstruction of remote oceanic island species of Plantago (Plantaginaceae) reveals differing scales and modes of dispersal

AIM: The aim of this study was to resolve the phylogenetic placement of island taxa, reconstruct ancestral origins and resolve competing hypotheses of dispersal patterns and biogeographical histories for oceanic island endemic taxa within subgenus Plantago (Plantaginaceae). LOCATION: Juan Fernández Islands, the Auckland Islands, Lord Howe Island, New Amsterdam Island, New Zealand, Tasmania, Falkland Islands, Rapa Iti and the Hawaiian Islands. TAXON: Island endemics within Plantago (Plantaginaceae), a globally distributed taxonomic group comprising approximately 250 species. METHODS: We use Bayesian phylogenetic and divergence time analyses and historical biogeographical analysis of molecular sequence data to infer the ancestral origins of the oceanic island species in Plantago. RESULTS: Taxa within subgenus Plantago form clades based on geographic proximities and challenge previous phylogenetic relationships and classification based on morphology. We infer that biogeographic histories of oceanic island taxa from multiple islands were shaped by dispersal at different scales and possibly by different types of birds. The highly remote Hawaiian Islands and Rapa Iti were colonized from North American taxa in a pattern corresponding to known migration routes of large marine birds, rather than from New Zealand as previously hypothesized. The island endemics of Juan Fernández, the Falkland Islands, Lord Howe, Auckland Islands and New Zealand are found to have sources in the nearest continental areas. The analyses confirm recent speciation within subgenus Plantago - which is particularly heightened in island lineages in Hawaii and Rapa Iti - but show slightly older divergence times than previous molecular dating studies. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: Using molecular data to infer ancestral ranges for plants with uncertain taxonomic relationships can greatly improve our understanding of biogeographical histories and help elucidate origins, dispersal modes and routes in widespread lineages with complex distribution patterns such as Plantago. We improve understanding of important floristic exchange areas between continents and islands as a result of long-distance dispersal. We infer that a combination of both stepping stone dispersal and extreme long-distance dispersal can shape insular floras, and that multiple floristic areas can be the sources of closely related island taxa. However, despite the successful dispersal of Plantago, radiation in island archipelagos is generally limited suggesting specific traits may limit diversification.status: publishe

Delairea aparadensis (Asteraceae, Senecioneae), the first native species of the genus in the Americas

Este estudo foi realizado no âmbito do projeto PELD BISC.We describe a narrowly endemic new species of Delairea from the highlands of southern Brazil. It is the second species described in this previously monospecific genus that was endemic to Africa, and the first record of a native species of Delairea in the Americas. Delairea aparadensis differs from D. odorata by its deltoid leaves and capitulescences composed by cymes of 2–6 capitula. Additionally, the new species is classified as critically endangered using the IUCN criteria.This work was supported by the CNPq/Capes/FAPs/BC-Fundo Newton/PELD nº 15/2016 and FAPESC/2018TR0928