Linearna i nelinearna optička svojstva modulirane kvantne jame

The electron energy levels and envelope wave functions in a double confinement quantum-barrier structure, are numerically calculated utilizing the transfer matrix method. Analytic forms of the linear and the nonlinear optical absorption coefficients and change in refractive indices due to intersubband optical transitions with an applied electric field are derived theoretically based on the density-matrix formalism.Za konačno duboku kvantnu jamu određeni su numerički energetski nivoi elektrona i valne funkcije primjenom metode matrice prijelaza. Nađen je analitički oblik za koeficijente linearne i nelinearne optičke apsorpcije te za promjenu indeksa loma zbog optičkih prijelaza medu podvrpcama uzrokovanih vanjskim električnim poljem. Račun je napravljen pomoću formalizma matrice gustoće

Linearna i nelinearna optička svojstva modulirane kvantne jame

The electron energy levels and envelope wave functions in a double confinement quantum-barrier structure, are numerically calculated utilizing the transfer matrix method. Analytic forms of the linear and the nonlinear optical absorption coefficients and change in refractive indices due to intersubband optical transitions with an applied electric field are derived theoretically based on the density-matrix formalism.Za konačno duboku kvantnu jamu određeni su numerički energetski nivoi elektrona i valne funkcije primjenom metode matrice prijelaza. Nađen je analitički oblik za koeficijente linearne i nelinearne optičke apsorpcije te za promjenu indeksa loma zbog optičkih prijelaza medu podvrpcama uzrokovanih vanjskim električnim poljem. Račun je napravljen pomoću formalizma matrice gustoće

Malignant Oral Lesions in Sulaimania Governorate/ a (5 Years) Retrospective Study

Background: Cancers of the oral cavity and oropharynx represents  approximately three percent of all malignancies in men and two percent of all malignancies in women in the United State. Squamous cell carcinoma, which arises from the oral mucosal lining, accounts for 90%- 95% of oral cancer. Objective: aim of this study is to detect oral cancers in Sulaimania and to know what is the most common type and its commonest location in comparism to other studies. Patients&Methods: During  the period from 1st Jan. 2004 to 30th June 2009, all histopathological reports in Sulaimani city with diagnosis of oral cancers for patients attended and performing biopsies for suspected oral lesions were included. These biopsies were received, processed and embedded in paraffin, sectioning, then stained by Haematoxylin and Eosin stain. All collected information were analyzed according to age, sex, site and histopathological diagnosis. Results: Oral cancers were diagnosed in 82 out of 665 oral lesions (represented as 12.33% from the total number of oral lesion biopsies).Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was the most common type of the malignant neoplasm of oral cavity found in 46 cases (56.1% ).Most frequent cases found in the age distribution range between 50 -70 years with M: F ratio 1.2:1. The most common affected site was the lower lip(39%) followed by the tongue(20%). Malignant neoplasms of salivary glands included 16 cases (19.6%),female 10, male 6 with F:M ratio is 1.66:1. Conclusion: The most common oral cancer in sulaimania  is SCC of oral mucosa affecting mainly the old age group, and males affected more than females, and the most common location is the lower lip. The second most common cancer is salivary gland carcinoma and commonest histological type is adenocarcinoma

Magnetic properties and interlayer coupling in Co/V multilayers

The magnetic properties of evaporated Co/V multilayer films have been studied by superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer and ferromagnetic-resonance (FMR). FMR has been used to study the interlayer exchange coupling and the FMR linewidth in Co/V multilayers at room temperature. Spin-waves resonance modes were observed in some Co/V multilayers and the relation of resonant field Hres with the mode number n obeys the so-called n2 law. The interlayer coupling constant was determined. The FMR linewidth, in parallel geometry, of the uniform mode was found to increase with decreasing Co thickness (10Å £ tCo £ 45Å) indicating that it corresponds to an interfacial effect

Plasma photoemission from string theory

Leading 't Hooft coupling corrections to the photoemission rate of the planar limit of a strongly-coupled {\cal {N}}=4 SYM plasma are investigated using the gauge/string duality. We consider the full order \alpha'^3 type IIB string theory corrections to the supergravity action, including higher order terms with the Ramond-Ramond five-form field strength. We extend our previous results presented in arXiv:1110.0526. Photoemission rates depend on the 't Hooft coupling, and their curves suggest an interpolating behaviour from strong towards weak coupling regimes. Their slopes at zero light-like momentum give the electrical conductivity as a function of the 't Hooft coupling, in full agreement with our previous results of arXiv:1108.6306. Furthermore, we also study the effect of corrections beyond the large N limit.Comment: 36 pages, 5 figures, paragraph added in the conclusions, references added, typos correcte

Assessing information and communication technology in surgical training, Sudan as example

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A Framework for Fire Safety Management in School Facilities

Schools are high-risk type of facilities in fire emergencies. This requires the implementation of safety measures, which comprise administrative and operational efforts to mitigate the occurrence of fire accidents. The review of literature indicated the lack of practical approaches that can be easily adopted for safety management in school facilities. This paper presents the development and implementation of a generic framework for fire safety management in school facilities. A literature review in the domain of fire safety in schools was performed to comprehend various knowledge areas in this context. A generic framework for fire safety management in school facilities was developed. The framework was implemented in a secondary school, located in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia, as a case study, to illustrate its applicability. An action plan was developed to improve the level of fire safety in the school facility, under review. The findings indicated that the framework provides a methodological and systematic approach for assessing the level of fire safety in schools, as well as determine the possible actions for improving the overall safety condition in such facilities. The paper provides a useful focus for practitioners and researchers concerned with fire safety in the educational workplace

Sequestered Dark Matter

We show that hidden-sector dark matter is a generic feature of the type IIB string theory landscape and that its lifetime may allow for a discovery through the observation of very energetic gamma-rays produced in the decay. Throats or, equivalently, conformally sequestered hidden sectors are common in flux compactifications and the energy deposited in these sectors can be calculated if the reheating temperature of the standard model sector is known. Assuming that throats with various warp factors are available in the compact manifold, we determine which throats maximize the late-time abundance of sequestered dark matter. For such throats, this abundance agrees with cosmological data if the standard model reheating temperature was 10^10 - 10^11 GeV. In two distinct scenarios, the mass of dark matter particles, i.e. the IR scale of the throat, is either around 10^5 GeV or around 10^10 GeV. The lifetime and the decay channels of our dark matter candidates depend crucially on the fact that the Klebanov-Strassler throat is supersymmetric. Furthermore, the details of supersymmetry breaking both in the throat and in the visible sector play an essential role. We identify a number of scenarios where this type of dark matter can be discovered via gamma-ray observations.Comment: 36 pages, 3 figures; v2: references added, v3: introduction extended and typos correcte