Saudi Arabian 2030 Vision and Entrepreneurial Intention Among University Students

The purposes of this study are to report the degree of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabian 2030 Vision’s (KSA 2030 Vision) awareness among students, and to examine the association of entrepreneurial intention with the awareness of the KSA 2030 Vision in Colleg

Visión e intención emprendedora de Arabia Saudita 2030 entre estudiantes universitarios

The purposes of this study are to report the degree of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabian 2030 Vision’s (KSA 2030 Vision) awareness among students, and to examine the association of entrepreneurial intention with the awareness of the KSA 2030 Vision in College of Business Administration at the Northern Border University. Using data from a self-administered survey, with a final sample of 266 students, the descriptive and Simple Regression results show that there is a low degree of awareness towards the KSA 2030 Vision among the students, and the entrepreneurial intention is negatively associated with the KSA 2030 Vision awareness. The results of this study give an alarming view as to the current low level awareness of the College of Business students towards the KSA 2030 Vision, and how this low degree of awareness can influence negatively the achievement of the country’s long-term vision. The results of this study should be useful to policy makers in Saudi Arabia at the country, ministry of education the university and elsewhere, as the KSA is aiming to achieve the ambitious KSA 2030 Vision.Los propósitos de este estudio son informar el grado de conocimiento de la Visión 2030 del Reino de Arabia Saudita (Visión KSA 2030) entre los estudiantes, y examinar la asociación de la intención empresarial con el conocimiento de la Visión KSA 2030 en la Facultad de Administración de Empresas en el Universidad de la Frontera Norte. Utilizando datos de una encuesta autoadministrada con una muestra final de 266 estudiantes, los resultados descriptivos y de Regresión simple muestran que existe un bajo grado de conciencia hacia la Visión KSA 2030 entre los estudiantes, y la intención emprendedora se asocia negativamente con la KSA. 2030 Conciencia visual. Los resultados de este estudio dan una alarma al bajo nivel actual de conciencia de los estudiantes de la Facultad de Negocios hacia la Visión KSA 2030, y cómo este bajo grado de conciencia puede influir negativamente en el logro de la visión a largo plazo del país. Los resultados de este estudio deberían ser útiles para los responsables políticos de Arabia Saudita en el país, el ministerio de educación y la universidad y en otros lugares, ya que la KSA tiene como objetivo lograr la ambiciosa Visión 2030 de la KSA

The associations of board of directors’ characteristics with modified audit opinion

The aim of this study is to investigate the association between the characteristics of the board of directors and the likelihood that a company receives a modified audit opinion (as a measure of the quality of companies external financial reporting) in Malaysia. To test our hypotheses, we use the pooled cross-sectional logistic regression analysis for 136 firm-year observations listed on Bursa Malaysia over the period 2009-2011.The evidence we uncover is consistent with the hypotheses that companies with large board size and greater financial expertise of the board of directors are less possible to receive a modified audit opinion. The evidence offers by this study reinforces the listing rules of the Malaysian-Corporate-Governance Code and the requirements of the Bursa Malaysia Corporate-Governance-Guide, which consider the significance of the board of directors as an aspect of good corporate governance to its critical role in the Malaysian financial reporting process

Las características de las asociaciones de la junta directiva con la opinión de auditoría modificada

This study aims to find a relationship between board of directors’ characteristics and the likelihood thata company receives a modified audit opinion (as a measure of the external reporting of companies) inMalaysia. To test our hypotheses, we use the pooled cross-sectional logistic regression analysis for 136firm-year observations listed on Bursa Malaysia over the period 2009-2011.The evidence we uncover isconsistent with the hypotheses that companies with large board size and greater financial expertise ofthe board of directors are less likely to receive a modified audit opinion. The results obtained in this studyare consistent with the listing rules of the Malaysian-Corporate-Governance Code and the requirementsof the Bursa Malaysia Corporate-Governance-Guide, which consider and the requirements of the BursaMalaysia Corporate-Governance-Guide, which consider the significance of the board of directors as anaspect of good corporate governance and its critical role in the Malaysian financial reporting process.El objetivo de este estudio es investigar, para el caso de Malasia, la relación entre las características de lasjuntas directivas y la probabilidad de que una compañía reciba una opinión de auditoría modificada (comouna medida de la calidad de la información financiera externa de las compañías). Para probar nuestrashipótesis utilizamos 136 observaciones de empresas por año, las cuales están registradas en Bursa Malasiapara el período 2009-2011, e hicimos un análisis de regresión logística transversal agrupada. La evidenciaque obtuvimos es consistente con la hipótesis de que las empresas con una junta directiva de gran tamañoy mayor capacidad financiera tienen una probabilidad menor de recibir una opinión de auditoría modificada.Los resultados hallados en este estudio son consistentes con las reglas del registro del Código de GobiernoCorporativo de Malasia y los requisitos de la Guía de Gobierno Corporativo de Bursa Malasia, los cualesconsideran la importancia de las juntas directivas como uno de los aspectos del buen gobierno corporativo,así como su papel fundamental en el reporte de información financiera en Malasia

The sourcing arrangements of internal audit function (IAF) under COVID-19 pandemic: empirical evidence from emerging market

AbstractThis study is purposed to analyse whether COVID-19 pandemic affects the sourcing arrangements IAF. This research uses the signaling theory framework and existing literature to establish hypotheses that are examined using probit regression. The analysis is conducted on a dataset comprising 141 company-year observations, all of which are publicly listed on the Muscat Stock Exchange during the 2019–2020 period. The result in the line with the study’s hypothesis, which refer to the significantly and negatively associated between the COVID-19 pandemic and the sourcing arrangements IAF. This study contributes to the theoretical and practical understanding of how the COVID-19 pandemic has influenced the sourcing arrangements of the Internal Audit Function (IAF) within an emerging Asian market, particularly in the context of Oman. It offers the initial empirical evidence of the relationship between the pandemic and IAF sourcing arrangements to the benefit of companies, auditors, shareholders, and regulatory bodies. The result offer contributions to the auditing and accounting literature as well as practice’s implications

Stowarzyszenia korporacyjnej odpowiedzialności społecznej i właściwości zarządzania z wykonaniem w Arabii Saudyjskiej

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationships of corporate social responsibility, management characteristics, namely; board size and meetings, and audit characteristics, namely; audit quality and audit report lag with corporate performance among the manufactured companies in Saudi Arabia. A Pooled Ordinary-Least Square OLS regression is utilized to estimate the associations proposed in the hypotheses on 180 firm-years observations (2015-2017) from annual reports. The study finds that corporate social responsibility, board size, board meetings and audit quality are positively associated with corporate performance. Additionally, this study reports an inverse association of the audit report lag with corporate performance. Importantly, the study suggests that regulators, especially Saudi stock exchange, should mandate companies to disclose all relevant information related to corporate social responsibility in a transparent and timely manner, and increase law enforcement to enhance good corporate governance practices. For companies, this study proposes that they should emphasize more on enhancing the role and the disclosure quality of their social responsibility, board of directors and the audit quality issues, as this enhancement may positively influence their performance.Celem tego badania jest zbadanie związków społecznej odpowiedzialności biznesu, cech zarządzania, a mianowicie; wielkość zarządu i spotkania oraz cechy audytu, mianowicie; jakość audytu i raport z audytu są opóźnione w stosunku do wyników firm wśród produkowanych firm w Arabii Saudyjskiej. Do oszacowania powiązań zaproponowanych w hipotezach na podstawie 180 rocznych obserwacji (2015-2017) z raportów rocznych wykorzystuje się regresję OLS z puli zwykłych i najmniejszych kwadratów. Badanie pokazuje, że społeczna odpowiedzialność biznesu, wielkość zarządu, spotkania zarządu i jakość audytu są pozytywnie powiązane z wynikami firmy. Ponadto w tym badaniu wykazano odwrotny związek opóźnienia w raporcie z audytu z wynikami firmy. Co ważne, badanie sugeruje, że organy regulacyjne, zwłaszcza saudyjska giełda papierów wartościowych, powinny upoważnić firmy do ujawnienia wszystkich istotnych informacji związanych z odpowiedzialnością społeczną przedsiębiorstw w sposób przejrzysty i terminowy oraz zwiększyć egzekwowanie prawa w celu wzmocnienia dobrych praktyk w zakresie ładu korporacyjnego. W przypadku przedsiębiorstw niniejsze badanie sugeruje, że powinni oni położyć większy nacisk na zwiększenie roli i jakości ujawnienia ich odpowiedzialności społecznej, zarządu i kwestii jakości kontroli, ponieważ to ulepszenie może pozytywnie wpłynąć na ich wyniki

Saudi Arabian 2030 Vision and Entrepreneurial Intention Among University Students

The purposes of this study are to report the degree of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabian 2030 Vision’s (KSA 2030 Vision) awareness among students, and to examine the association of entrepreneurial intention with the awareness of the KSA 2030 Vision in College of Business Administration at the Northern Border University. Using data from a self-administered survey, with a final sample of 266 students, the descriptive and Simple Regression results show that there is a low degree of awareness towards the KSA 2030 Vision among the students, and the entrepreneurial intention is negatively associated with the KSA 2030 Vision awareness. The results of this study give an alarming view as to the current low level awareness of the College of Business students towards the KSA 2030 Vision, and how this low degree of awareness can influence negatively the achievement of the country’s long-term vision. The results of this study should be useful to policy makers in Saudi Arabia at the country, ministry of education the university and elsewhere, as the KSA is aiming to achieve the ambitious KSA 2030 Vision.Los propósitos de este estudio son informar el grado de conocimiento de la Visión 2030 del Reino de Arabia Saudita (Visión KSA 2030) entre los estudiantes, y examinar la asociación de la intención empresarial con el conocimiento de la Visión KSA 2030 en la Facultad de Administración de Empresas en el Universidad de la Frontera Norte. Utilizando datos de una encuesta autoadministrada con una muestra final de 266 estudiantes, los resultados descriptivos y de Regresión simple muestran que existe un bajo grado de conciencia hacia la Visión KSA 2030 entre los estudiantes, y la intención emprendedora se asocia negativamente con la KSA. 2030 Conciencia visual. Los resultados de este estudio dan una alarma al bajo nivel actual de conciencia de los estudiantes de la Facultad de Negocios hacia la Visión KSA 2030, y cómo este bajo grado de conciencia puede influir negativamente en el logro de la visión a largo plazo del país. Los resultados de este estudio deberían ser útiles para los responsables políticos de Arabia Saudita en el país, el ministerio de educación y la universidad y en otros lugares, ya que la KSA tiene como objetivo lograr la ambiciosa Visión 2030 de la KSA

The impact of corporate ownership structure on corporate risk disclosure: Evidence from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Understanding the role of corporate ownership structure on corporate disclosure allows an assessment of its current effectiveness and opportunities for potential improvements. Prior research on the determinants of corporate risk disclosure (CRD) has basically focused on firm-specific characteristics and corporate governance characteristics and has largely ignored the potential role of ownership structure on CRD. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there is no study has yet extensively investigated the effect of ownership structure on the level of CRD in Saudi Arabia. This study examines the influence of different types of ownership on CRD in a developing country with high ownership concentration and unique institutional setting, namely the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The study uses panel data analysis of the annual reports of Saudi listed companies over a period of four years. The findings show a strong impact of ownership structure on CRD. However, the extent and direction of this influence depend on the type of ownership. Companies with higher royal ownership and government ownership disclose more risk-related information. By contrast, companies with higher family ownership and institutional ownership tend to disclose less risk-related information. However, executive directors’ ownership and non-executive directors’ ownership have no impact on CRD. The results suggest that not all controlling families have the same characteristics and motivations towards CRD practice. Overall, the results confirm the essential role of ownership structure to influence the agency conflicts through increase (decrease) CRD. The results of this study support the use of different theories to better explain the phenomenon of CRD. The study has important implications for policymakers, regulatory authorities, and practitioners in Saudi Arabia and developing countries to improve CRD practices and optimize ownership structure

The impact of corporate ownership structure on corporate risk disclosure: Evidence from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Understanding the role of corporate ownership structure on corporate disclosure allows an assessment of its current effectiveness and opportunities for potential improvements. Prior research on the determinants of corporate risk disclosure (CRD) has basically focused on firm-specific characteristics and corporate governance characteristics and has largely ignored the potential role of ownership structure on CRD. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there is no study has yet extensively investigated the effect of ownership structure on the level of CRD in Saudi Arabia. This study examines the influence of different types of ownership on CRD in a developing country with high ownership concentration and unique institutional setting, namely the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The study uses panel data analysis of the annual reports of Saudi listed companies over a period of four years. The findings show a strong impact of ownership structure on CRD. However, the extent and direction of this influence depend on the type of ownership. Companies with higher royal ownership and government ownership disclose more risk-related information. By contrast, companies with higher family ownership and institutional ownership tend to disclose less risk-related information. However, executive directors’ ownership and non-executive directors’ ownership have no impact on CRD. The results suggest that not all controlling families have the same characteristics and motivations towards CRD practice. Overall, the results confirm the essential role of ownership structure to influence the agency conflicts through increase (decrease) CRD. The results of this study support the use of different theories to better explain the phenomenon of CRD. The study has important implications for policymakers, regulatory authorities, and practitioners in Saudi Arabia and developing countries to improve CRD practices and optimize ownership structure

Audit Fees and Audit Quality: Evidence from GCC Region

This study examines the association of audit fees with audit quality among a total of 104 and 108 non-financial companies listed on GCC stock markets for the periods preceding and subsequent the event, respectively, over the period 2005–2010. Using OLS regression, the results show that there is a significantly positive association between audit fees and audit quality for the periods preceding and subsequent the new auditor selection. Further, the results of this study contribute to the existing theory and empirical evidence of how the audit fees are associated with audit quality in the periods preceding and subsequent to the new auditor selection. This study offers policy-makers additional evidence to be used for setting up and/or enacting regulations in GCC region regarding issues related to audit fees.  Este estudio examina la asociación de los honorarios de auditoría con la calidad de auditoría entre un total de 104 y 108 compañías no financieras que cotizan en los mercados de valores de GCC para los períodos anteriores y posteriores al evento, respectivamente, durante el período 2005–2010. Usando la regresión OLS, los resultados muestran que existe una asociación significativamente positiva entre los honorarios de auditoría y la calidad de la auditoría para los períodos anteriores y posteriores a la selección del nuevo auditor. Además, los resultados de este estudio contribuyen a la teoría existente y la evidencia empírica de cómo los honorarios de auditoría están asociados con la calidad de la auditoría en los períodos anteriores y posteriores a la selección del nuevo auditor. Este estudio ofrece a los formuladores de políticas evidencia adicional que se utilizará para establecer y / o promulgar regulaciones en la región del CCG con respecto a cuestiones relacionadas con los honorarios de auditoría